Brunei Bisaya language

{{Short description|Sabahan language spoken in Brunei and Malaysia}}

{{distinguish|Bisayan languages|Cebuano language|Tutong language}}

{{Infobox language

| name = Bisaya

| altname = Tutong 1

| image = LunbawangLanguageList.jpg

| imagecaption = Collection of words in English and translation in Ida'an, Bisaya (Borneo) and Adang Murut (Lun Bawang) in 1860 by Spencer St.John

| states =

| region = Brunei, Sarawak

| speakers = {{sigfig|57,600|1}}

| date = 2007

| ref = e18

| familycolor = Austronesian

| fam2 = Malayo-Polynesian

| fam3 = Western Indonesian?

| fam4 = Greater North Bornean?

| fam5 = North Bornean

| fam6 = Sabahan

| fam7 = Southwest

| fam8 = DusunicPaitanic

| fam9 = Bisaya–Lotud–Dusunic?

| fam10 = Bisaya–Lotud

| iso3 = bsb

| glotto = brun1245

| glottorefname = Brunei Bisaya-Dusun

}}

Bisaya, also known as Southern Bisaya, Brunei Bisaya, Brunei Dusun or Tutong 1, is a Sabahan language spoken in Brunei and Sarawak, Malaysia.

Phonology

= Vowels =

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

!

!Front

!Central

!Back

Close

|{{IPAlink|i}}

|

|{{IPAlink|u}}

Mid

|({{IPA link|e}})

|({{IPA link|ə}})

|{{IPA link|ɤ}} ~ {{IPA link|o}}

Open

|

|{{IPAlink|a}}

|

  • /ɤ/ may also be heard as rounded [o], and may have an allophone of [ə].
  • /i/ may also have an allophone of [e].

= Consonants =

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

! colspan="2" |

!Labial

!Alveolar

!Palatal

!Velar

!Glottal

colspan="2" |Nasal

|{{IPAlink|m}}

|{{IPAlink|n}}

|{{IPA link|ɲ}}

|{{IPAlink|ŋ}}

|

rowspan="4" |Plosive/
Affricate

!voiceless

|{{IPAlink|p}}

|{{IPAlink|t}}

|{{IPAlink|tʃ}}

|{{IPAlink|k}}

|{{IPAlink|ʔ}}

voiced

|{{IPAlink|b}}

|{{IPAlink|d}}

|{{IPAlink|dʒ}}

|{{IPAlink|ɡ}}

|

prenasal vl.

|{{IPAlink|ᵐp}}

|{{IPAlink|ⁿt}}

|

|

|

prenasal vd.

|{{IPAlink|ᵐb}}

|{{IPAlink|ⁿd}}

|

|

|

colspan="2" |Fricative

|

|{{IPAlink|s}}

|

|{{IPAlink|ɣ}}

|({{IPA link|h}})

colspan="2" |Rhotic

|

|({{IPA link|r}})

|

|

|

colspan="2" |Approximant

|{{IPAlink|w}}

|{{IPAlink|l}}

|{{IPAlink|j}}

|

|

  • /ɣ/ may also be heard as uvular [ʁ].
  • Sounds /r, h/ are only restricted to Malay loanwords.{{Cite book |last=Alas |first=Yabit |title=The reconstruction of pre-Dusun and the classification of its descendants |publisher=University of Hawai'i at Mānoa |year=1994}}{{Cite book |last=Jamil |first=Hussain |title=Limbang Bisaya: Society and Language |last2=Newman |first2=John |year=1987 |location=Sarawak Museum Journal 36(58) |pages=75-89}}

References

{{Reflist}}