Brynica
{{other places}}
{{Infobox river
| name = Brynica
| name_other =
| image = The Brynica River flowing through meadows on the border of Sosnowiec and Katowice in the morning.jpg
| image_caption = Brynica on the border Katowice and Sosnowiec
| source1_location =
| source1_coordinates =
| mouth_location = Czarna Przemsza
| mouth_coordinates = {{coord|50.2588|19.1373|source:dewiki_region:PL-SL_type:waterbody|format=dms|display=it}}
| progression = {{RPrzemsza}}
| subdivision_type1 = Country
| subdivision_name1 = Poland
| length = 54.9 km
| source1_elevation = 350 m
| discharge1_avg = 483 km²
| basin_size =
}}
The Brynica (German: Brinitz) is a river in the Silesian Voivodeship of Poland. It has a length of 54.9 km and has a drainage basin area of 483 km².{{cite web |title=Publications on the geographical naming of Poland – Commission for the Standardization of Geographical Names Outside the Republic of Poland – Gov.pl Portal |accessdate=2024-10-04 |publisher=Commission for the Standardization of Geographical Names Outside the Republic of Poland |url=https://www.gov.pl/web/ksng/publikacje-dotyczace-nazewnictwa-geograficznego-polski#:~:text=Tom%20I.%20Hydronimy%20-%20cz%C4%99%C5%9B%C4%87%201.%20Wody%20plyn%C4%85ce, |language=pl}}{{cite encyclopedia |title=Brynica |encyclopedia=PWN Encyclopedia |publisher=PWN Encyclopedia |id=3881301 |language=pl}}.The river is the main tributary of the Czarna Przemsza.
Course
The river flows entirely within the Silesian Voivodeship. Its sources are located in the village of Mysłów, at the Próg Woźnicki, at an altitude of approximately 350 m above sea level. It flows through the municipalities of Koziegłowy, Siewierz, Mierzęcice, Miasteczko Śląskie, Świerklaniec, Bobrowniki, Piekary Śląskie, Siemianowice Śląskie, Czeladź, Sosnowiec, Katowice, and Mysłowice.{{cite web |title=geoportal.gov.pl |accessdate=2024-10-04 |publisher=Main Office of Geodesy and Cartography |url=https://mapy.geoportal.gov.pl/imap/Imgp_2.html?locale=pl&gui=new&sessionName=Brynica}}{{cite web |last=Bystrzanowski |first=Łukasz |last2=Kubiczek |first2=Katarzyna |last3=Zastrzeżyńska |first3=Justyna |last4=Jaruszowiec |first4=Mateusz |date=2016 |title=Environmental Protection Program for the Municipality of Ożarowice for 2016–2020 with a perspective until 2024 |url=https://www.bip.ozarowice.pl/grafiki/zalaczniki/8619/projekt-programu-ochrony-srodowiska-dla-gminy-ozarowice-na-lata-2016-2020141116.pdf |pages=37 |language=pl}} The Brynica empties into the Czarna Przemsza near Mysłowice, at the border with Sosnowiec, carrying an average discharge of 3.7 m³/s.{{cite web |last=Jastrząb |first=Małgorzata |title=Brynica: current and future status |date=1997 |accessdate=2024-01-09 |issn=1426-3858 |publisher=www.sbc.org.pl |url=https://www.sbc.org.pl/Content/312208/PDF/BrynicaJakaJestJakaBedzie.pdf |language=pl}}
Tributaries
Historical significance
File:Rzeka Brynica na wysokości osiedla Piastów, Sosnowiec, 2024 KsP 083.jpg
The Brynica has historically served as a boundary between Silesia and Lesser Poland.{{cite web |last=Kantor-Mirski |first=Marian |date=1931 |title=From the past of the Dabrowa Basin and its surroundings: Monographic sketches with illustrations. Vol. 9 |url=https://www.sbc.org.pl/dlibra/publication/23855 |accessdate=2025-03-10 |pages=137 |language=pl}} In 1443 it marked the border between the Siewierz Duchy, purchased by Kraków bishop Zbigniew Oleśnicki, and the Cieszyn Duchy under the Kingdom of Bohemia. During the Silesian Wars (1740–1763), the course of the Brynica defined the state border between the Kingdom of Prussia and the Siewierz Duchy, which in 1790 was incorporated into the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, later forming part of the Duchy of Warsaw (1807–1815) and then annexed by the Russian Empire following the Congress of Vienna in 1815. Between 1918 and 1922, it served as part of the Polish–German border. After the Silesian Uprisings, on 20 June 1922, in accordance with the provisions of the Geneva Convention on Upper Silesia of 15 May 1922, Polish troops under General Stanisław Szeptycki crossed the bridge over the Brynica between Szopienice and Sosnowiec, assuming control over the eastern part of Upper Silesia under Polish administration. One of the insurgents, Janusz Howaniec, symbolically broke the chains of subjugation—a moment commemorated by a plaque at the site.Na trasie Balkan Ekspresu, printer: Schools Workshop of the Team of Polygraphic-Mechanical Schools, {{ISBN|978-83-907011-6-5}}{{cite web |title=Return of Upper Silesia to Poland in 1922 |url=https://dzieje.pl/aktualnosci/powrot-gornego-slaska-do-polski-w-1922-roku |accessdate=2025-03-10 |publisher=dzieje.pl |language=pl}}
References
External links
{{Commons-inline|Category:Brynica (tributary of Przemsza)|Brynica}}