Buen Formation

{{short description|Cambrian Lagerstätte in northern Greenland}}

{{Infobox rockunit

| name = Buen Formation

| image =

| caption =

| type = Formation

| age = Cambrian Series 2 (Atdabanian)
~{{fossil range|520|513}}

| period = Cambrian

| prilithology = Mudstone

| otherlithology = Sandstone, shale

| namedfor =

| namedby =

| region = Peary Land

| country = Greenland

| coordinates = {{coord|83.1|N|33.8|W|display=inline,title}}

| paleocoordinates = {{coord|22.1|S|49.0|W|display=inline}}

| unitof = Sirius Passet

| subunits = Upper & lower members

| underlies = Hans Tavsen icecap

| overlies = Portfjeld Formation

| thickness = Up to {{convert|700|m|ft|abbr=on}}

| extent = Franklinian Basin

| area =

| location_ts = Southern Peary Land

| map = {{Location map+ | Greenland

| relief = 1

| width = 200

| float = center

| places =

{{Location map~ | Greenland

| lat_deg = 83.1

| lon_deg = -33.8

| mark = Dark Green 004040 pog.svg

| marksize = 12

}}

{{Location map~ | Greenland

| lat_deg = 81.6

| lon_deg = -16.7

| mark = Dark Green 004040 pog.svg

| marksize = 12

}}

{{Location map~ | Greenland

| lat_deg = 82.8

| lon_deg = -34.7

| mark = Dark Green 004040 pog.svg

| marksize = 12

}}

{{Location map~ | Greenland

| lat_deg = 82.9

| lon_deg = -44.1

| mark = Dark Green 004040 pog.svg

| marksize = 12

}}

{{Location map~ | Greenland

| lat_deg = 82.8

| lon_deg = -42.2

| mark = Dark Green 004040 pog.svg

| marksize = 12

}}

{{Location map~ | Greenland

| lat_deg = 83.4

| lon_deg = -51.3

| mark = Dark Green 004040 pog.svg

| marksize = 12

}}

{{Location map~ | Greenland

| lat_deg = 82.6

| lon_deg = -32.5

| mark = Dark Green 004040 pog.svg

| marksize = 12

}}

}}

| map_caption =

}}

The Buen Formation is a geologic formation and Lagerstätte in Peary Land, North Greenland. The shale preserves fossils dating back to the Early Cambrian period (Atdabanian in the local timescale, about 520 to 513 Ma).[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=106059 Buen Formation] at Fossilworks.org

Description

File:Sirius Passet Geologic Map - Buen & Portfjeld Formations and Polkorridoren Group.png

The oldest Cambrian series of the area was deposited in the Franklinian Basin and is poorly exposed in fragmentary, heavily metamorphosed outcrops in Peary Land. It was emplaced during the Ellesmerian orogeny.Geyer & Peel, 2011, p.466Higgins et al., 2000, p.141

= Paleogeography =

File:Sirius Passet in the Cambrian.png

During the Cambrian, Greenland was located in the southern tropical to temperate region. The Buen Formation forms part of the southern shelf succession of the Franklinian Basin of North Greenland and the Canadian Arctic Islands. The formation, approximately {{convert|325|m|ft}} thick, consists of a lower, sand−dominated, member overlain by an upper member dominated by dark grey−green mudstones and siltstones in its type area in southern Peary Land. It thickens to around {{convert|700|m|ft}} in northern Peary Land where it comprises a mud−rich transitional succession into deep water trough deposits of the Polkorridoren Group. Dark grey to black mudstones form part of this transitional succession from the shelf to the slope. To the south they lie in faulted contact with pale dolomites of the underlying Portfjeld Formation, and to the north with bioturbated mudstones and sandstones of the Buen Formation.Conway Morris & Peel, 2008, p.138

Fossil content

The following fossils have been reported from the formation:

class="wikitable sortable"

|+ Fossils from the Buen Formation, Sirius Passet, Greenland

! Group !! Taxon !! Image !! Notes

AnnelidsPhragmochaeta canicularisFile:Phragmochaeta canicularis.jpgalign=center | Conway Morris & Peel, 2008, p.144
rowspan=11 valign=top | ArthropodsBuenaspis forteyiFile:Buenaspis drawing.jpgalign=center |
BuenellusFile:Buenellus.jpgrowspan=6 align=center |
AaveqaspisFile:Aaveqaspis inesoni.jpg
KerygmachelaFile:21091022 Kerygmachela kierkegaardi.png
TamisiocarisFile:20191228 Radiodonta frontal appendage Tamisiocaris borealis.png
Limniphacos
Waptia
Kleptothule rasmusseniFile:Kleptothule rasmusseni.jpgrowspan=7 align=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=90574 Sirius Passet, Buen Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Isoxys volucrisFile:Isoxys volucris.png
Hadranax augustus
Pauloterminus spinodorsalis
MolluscsHalkieria evangelistaFile:Halkieria2.jpg
DemospongesChoia hindei
rowspan=7 valign=top | OthersHeliosphaeridium dissimilare
Trapezovitus malinkyirowspan=5 align=center |
Kalaallitia myliuserichseni
Nasaaraqia hyptiotheciformis
Nevadotheca boerglumensis
Sullulika broenlundi
Alutella sikualign=center | Peel & Willman, 2018, p.381

See also

References

{{reflist|20em}}

= Bibliography =

  • {{citation |last1=Peel |first1=John S. |last2=Willman |first2=Sebastian |year=2018 |title=The Buen Formation (Cambrian Series 2) biota of North Greenland |doi=10.1002/spp2.1112 |journal=Papers in Palaeontology |volume=4 |issue=3 |pages=381–432 |bibcode=2018PPal....4..381P }}
  • {{citation |last1=Geyer |first1=Gerd |last2=Peel |first2=John S. |year=2011 |title=The Henson Gletscher Formation, North Greenland, and its bearing on the global Cambrian Series 2-Series 3 boundary |url=http://www.geology.cz/bulletin/fulltext/1252_Geyer.pdf |journal=Bulletin of Geosciences |volume=86 |pages=465–534 |doi=10.3140/bull.geosci.1252 |accessdate=2018-08-07}}
  • {{citation |last1=Conway Morris |first1=Simon |last2=Peel |first2=John S. |year=2008 |title=The earliest annelids: Lower Cambrian polychaetes from the Sirius Passet Lagerstätte, Peary Land, North Greenland |url=https://www.app.pan.pl/archive/published/app53/app53-137.pdf |journal=Acta Palaeontologica Polonica |volume=53 |pages=137–148 |doi=10.4202/app.2008.0110 |accessdate=2019-02-14}} 50px Material was copied from this source, which is available under a [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License].
  • {{citation |last1=Higgins |first1=A.K. |last2=Soper |first2=N.J. |last3=Leslie |first3=A.G. |year=2000 |title=The Ellesmerian and Caledonian Orogenie Belts of Greenland |url=https://epic.awi.de/28427/1/Polarforsch1998_18.pdf |journal=Polarforschung |volume=68 |pages=141–151 |accessdate=2018-08-07}}

Further reading

  • A. C. Daley and J. S. Peel. 2010. A Possible Anomalocaridid from the Cambrian Sirius Passet Lagerstätte, North Greenland. Journal of Paleontology 84(2):352-355
  • C. B. Skovsted and J. S. Peel. 2011. Hyolithellus in life position from the Lower Cambrian of north Greenland. Journal of Paleontology 85(1):37-47
  • G. E. Budd and J. S. Peel. 1998. A new xenusiid lobopod from the Early Cambrian Sirius Passet fauna of North Greenland. Palaeontology 41(6):1201-1213
  • J. K. Rigby. 1986. Cambrian and Silurian sponges from North Greenland. Rapport Groenlands Geologiske Undersoegelse 132:51-63
  • M. Williams, D. J. Siveter, and J. S. Peel. 1996. Isoxys (arthropoda) from the Early Cambrian Sirius Passet Lagerstaette, North Greenland. Journal of Paleontology 70(6):947-954
  • S. Conway Morris and J. S. Peel. 1990. Articulated halkieriids from the Lower Cambrian of north Greenland. Nature 345(28):802-805

Category:Geologic formations of Greenland

Category:Cambrian System of North America

Category:Cambrian System of Europe

Category:Cambrian Greenland

Category:Mudstone formations

Category:Sandstone formations

Category:Shale formations

Category:Open marine deposits

Category:Fossiliferous stratigraphic units of North America

Category:Fossiliferous stratigraphic units of Europe

Category:Paleontology in Greenland

Category:Peary Land