Bugkalot

Indigenous Bugkalot and Ilongot communities' ancestral domain covers 212,773.47-hectare lands in Nagtipunan, Quirino; Maria Aurora and Dipaculao, Aurora; and Dupax Del Norte, Kasibu, Dupax Del Sur, and Alfonso Castañeda, Nueva Vizcaya. Their certificate of ancestral domain title (CADT) was issued on July 23, 2016, by the National Commission on Indigenous Peoples.{{Cite web |last=Visaya |first=Villamor |date=2022-07-25 |title=Bugkalot, Ilongot tribes of Cagayan Valley get together in Quirino |url=https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1633531/bugkalot-ilongot-tribes-of-cagayan-valley-get-together-in-quirino |access-date=2024-02-25 |website=Philippine Daily Inquirer |language=en}}

File:PSM V77 D538 Ilongot men and women clearing the ground for rice planting.png

File:PSM V77 D532 Ilongot men and woman of oyao nueva vizcaya.png

In Ivan Salva's study in 1980 of the Bugkalots, she described "gender differences related to the positive cultural value placed on adventure, travel, and knowledge of the external world." Bugkalot men, more often than women, visited distant places. They acquired knowledge of the outside world, amassed experiences there, and returned to share their knowledge, adventures, and feelings in a public oratory in order to pass on their knowledge to others. The Bugkalot men received acclaim as a result of their experiences. Because they lacked external experience on which to base knowledge and expression, Bugkalot women had inferior prestige.

Based on Michelle Rosaldo's study and findings of other stateless societies, anthropologists must distinguish between prestige systems and actual power within a society. Just because a male has a high level of prestige, he may not own much economic or political power compared to others that are less prestigious within the society.

Renato Rosaldo went on to study headhunting among the Bugkalots in his book Ilongot Headhunting, 1883-1974: A Study in Society and History. He notes headhunting raids are often associated with bereavement, a rage, and expiation at the loss of a loved one.

File:Headdress from Ilongot in northern Luzon, Honolulu Museum of Art 8367.1.JPG|A headdress made of a hornbill's beak, shell, wire, rattan and hair

File:Bracelet from Ilongot in northern Luzon, Honolulu Museum of Art 8387.1.JPG|A bracelet made of brass, beads and mother of pearl

File:Necklace from Northern Luzon, Ilongot, brass, mother-of-pearl and beads, Honolulu Academy of Arts.JPG|A necklace made of brass, mother-of-pearl and beads

File:Men's ear pendants, Ilongot, Honolulu Museum of Art 8368.1.JPG|Men's ear pendants made of hornbill, discs of shell, beads and brass

File:Earring from Ilongot in northern Luzon, Honolulu Museum of Art 8372.1.JPG|Earrings made of shell, brass and beads

File:Hair ornament from Ilongot in northern Luzon, Honolulu Museum of Art II.JPG|A hair ornament

File:Pendant from Ilongot, the Philippines, Honolulu Museum of Art 8386.1.JPG|A pendant made of Japanese coins, brass, aluminum and glass

File:Men's ear pendants (batling) from Ilongot in northern Luzon, hornbill, brass, shell and cotton, Honolulu.JPG|Men's ear pendants (batling) made of hornbill, brass, shell and cotton

{{Reflist}}

• {{Cite book |last=Phillip |first=Conrad |title=Window on Humanity |publisher=McGraw-Hill |date=2005 |language=en |location=New York}}
• Rosaldo, Michelle Zimbalist, Lamphere Louise. A Mulher. A Cultura e a Sociedade. ("Woman. The Culture and Society") Brazil: RJ. Paz e Terra, 1979. Coleção O Mundo hoje. ("The world today") 31. p. 58.
• {{Cite book |last=Rosaldo |first=Renato |title=Culture & Truth: The Remaking of Social Analysis |date=1993 |publisher=Beacon Press |orig-date=First published 1989 |location=Boston |pages=1–21 |chapter=Introduction: Grief and a Headhunter's Rage}}

{{Commons category|Ilongot}}

• [http://litera1no4.tripod.com/ilongot_frame.html Bugkalot]{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
• NPR Listen to: High Voltage (Emotions Part 2) - Liget [http://one.npr.org/i/530727323:530940023 🔊 Listen Now: High Voltage (Emotions Part 2)] [https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/06/01/529876861/an-anthropologist-discovers-the-terrible-emotion-locked-in-a-word Invisibilia: A Man Finds An Explosive Emotion Locked In A Word]

{{Ethnic groups in the Philippines}}

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Category:Indigenous peoples of the Philippines

Category:Ethnic groups in Luzon