Busch fracture

{{Infobox medical condition (new)

| name = Busch fracture

| image = Malletfinger.jpg

| caption = Fracture of the dorsal base of the distal falange by extensor tendon avulsion (Busch fracture)

|field= orthopedic

}}

In medicine a Busch fracture{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wazKBgAAQBAJ&pg=PT883|title=Orthofix External Fixation in Trauma and Orthopaedics|author1=Giovanni De Bastiani|author2=Alan G. Apley|author3=Anthony A.J. Goldberg|date=6 December 2012|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-1-4471-0691-3|pages=883–}} is a type of fracture of the base of the distal phalanx of the fingers, produced by the removal of the bone insertion (avulsion) of the extensor tendon. Without the appropriate treatment, the finger becomes a hammer finger. It would correspond to the group B of the Albertoni classification.{{cite journal| pmc=5771784 | pmid=29367899 | doi=10.1016/j.rboe.2017.12.001 | volume=53 | issue=1 | title=Evaluation of interobserver agreement in Albertoni's classification for mallet finger | year=2018 | journal=Rev Bras Ortop | pages=2–9 |vauthors=Almeida VA, Fernandes CH, Santos Jbgd Schwarz-Fernandes FA, Faloppa F, Albertoni WM }} It is very common in motorcycle riders and soccer joggers, caused by hyperflexion when the tendon is exercising its maximum tension (the closed hand tightening the clutch lever or the brake lever).{{cite journal |author1=Tim B Hunter |author2=Leonard F Peltier |author3=Pamela J Lund |year=2000 |title=Musculoskeletal Eponyms: Who Are Those Guys? |journal=RadioGraphics

|volume=20 |issue=3 |pages=819–36 |doi=10.1148/radiographics.20.3.g00ma20819 |pmid=10835130}}{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_JQZmdxpEboC&q=Bush&pg=PA280|title=Physical Rehabilitation of the Injured Athlete|author1=James Rheuben Andrews|author2=Gary L. Harrelson|author3=Kevin E. Wilk|date=1 January 2012|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=978-1-4377-2411-0|pages=280–}}

The Busch fracture is named after Friedrich Busch (1844–1916), who described this type of fracture in the 1860s. Busch's work was drawn on by Albert Hoffa in 1904, resulting in it sometimes being called a "Busch-Hoffa fracture".{{cite journal|pmc=4499274|title=Hoffa fracture of medial unicondylar and bilateral in a man: a rare case|author1=Samba Koné|author2=Abdoulaye Bana|author3=Stanislas André Touré|journal=The Pan African Medical Journal|year=2015|volume=20 |page=382|pmid=26185572|doi=10.11604/pamj.2015.20.382.6092}}

The mechanism of this injury can be described as an avulsion of the tendon fixed to the distal phalanx.{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QVIdXV_F8M4C&pg=PA233|title=Rockwood and Wilkins' Fractures in Children|author1=James H. Beaty|author2=James R. Kasser|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|year=2010|isbn=978-1-58255-784-7|pages=233–}}{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SVhGOLTSZPUC&pg=PA31|title=Tratamiento de las fracturas en atención primaria|author1=M. Patrice Eiff|author2=Robert L. Hatch|author3=Walter L. Calmbach|publisher=Elsevier España|year=1999|isbn=978-84-8174-431-6|pages=31–}}{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z0duOA9ZzBQC&pg=PA354|title=Ortopedia|author1=Robert H. Fitzgerald|author2=Herbert Kaufer|author3=Arthur L. Malkani|publisher=Ed. Médica Panamericana|year=2004|isbn=978-950-06-0791-9|pages=354–}}

{{Image frame|content=

File:Mallet Finger Injury.jpg|A Busch fracture, showing the characteristic mallet finger

File:Mallet finger mechanism.svg|Busch fracture mechanism: because the bit of bone attached to the tendon has broken off, the tendon can't extend the finger tip

|border=no|align=center}}