C. W. Stephens
{{Short description|British architect}}
{{Infobox person
| name = C. W. Stephens
| image =
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| birth_name = Charles William Stephens
| birth_date = c. 1845
| birth_place =
| death_date = 4 August {{death year and age|1917|1845}}
| death_place = Kensington, London, England
| nationality = British
| education =
| occupation = Architect
| known for = Designing:
| spouse =
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File:Claridges C. W. Stephens, architect, 1897 edited.jpg
File:Harrods department store.jpg
Charles William Stephens (c.1845 – 4 August 1917) was a British architect. As architect to the Harrods department store in London from 1892 until his death, he was responsible for the store's famous Baroque-style façade on Brompton Road. His other designs include Harvey Nichols department store, the new Claridge's hotel, 54 Parkside, and the Park Lane Hotel, all in London.
Early life and family
Charles Stephens was born around 1845 in Clapton, Middlesex. He married Helen ({{nee|Grundy}}), who was born in Malvern Wells, Worcestershire.[https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:Q273-C9FC Charles W Stephens England and Wales Census, 1881.] Family Search. Retrieved 9 March 2019. {{subscription required}}Marriage registration: Upton-on-Severn district; quarter 2 1869; volume 6c; page 405
Career
In 1871, Stephens was working as a clerk.[https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:VBDW-H7R Charles W Stephens England and Wales Census, 1871.] Family Search. Retrieved 9 March 2019. {{subscription required}} In 1881, he was recorded on the census as a non-practicing architect with the London School Board.
In 1885, Stephens designed a National School in Malvern Wells, now known as the Malvern Wells Church of England Primary School.[http://worcestershirearchaeologicalsociety.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/worcs-recorder-issue-70.pdf "Eliza Warrington, a 19th-century Benefactor"] by Brian Ferris, Worcestershire Recorder, Autumn 2004, No. 70, pp. 15–18. By the mid 1880s he had an office in Hans Road, Knightsbridge, and was active in redeveloping Hans Place. He designed 67 Pont Street, now grade II listed,{{NHLE|num=1266120|desc=67 Pont Street SW1, Kensington and Chelsea|access-date=9 March 2019}} in 1887 and other houses in Hans Place.{{cite web |title=Harrods Store Heritage Asset Guidelines |url=https://www.rbkc.gov.uk/idoxWAM/doc/Other-1895210.pdf?extension=.pdf&id=1895210&location=VOLUME2&contentType=application/pdf |website=Royal Borough of Kensington & Chelsea|access-date=6 March 2019}}
In 1889 he designed Culgruff House near Crossmichael in Kirkcudbrightshire, Scotland, for Robert Stewart of Southwick. A baronial style mansion in red sandstone of two storeys with attics and tall square tower, it is listed as Category B.{{Cite web|url=https://britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/200334832-culgruff-house-hotel-crossmichael|title=Culgruff House Hotel, Crossmichael, Dumfries and Galloway|website=britishlistedbuildings.co.uk|access-date=3 December 2019}}
He designed part of Walsingham House. It was demolished in 1904{{cite book|last1=Macqueen-Pope|first1=Walter James|title=Goodbye Piccadilly|date=1972|publisher=David and Charles|location=Newton Abbot|isbn=0-7153-5544-9|page=119|edition=2nd|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JjCgAAAAMAAJ}} and replaced by The Ritz Hotel.[https://archive.historicengland.org.uk/SingleResult/Default.aspx?id=647662&t=Quick&cr=bedford+lemere+&io=True&l=all&page=654 Walsingham House seen from Piccadilly.] Historic England. Retrieved 9 March 2019.
By 1894, he was architect to the Belgrave Estate Limited, which had been formed to redevelop the area north of Hans Place. One of the members of that syndicate, Herbert Bennett, was also a director of the Harrods department store, and "no doubt through this connection" Stephens became architect of Harrods from 1892 until his death. He has been described as designing "virtually all of the buildings facing or in the immediate vicinity of Harrods"[https://www.rbkc.gov.uk/planningandconservation/conservationanddesign/proposalstatements/idoc.ashx?docid=dbef49ea-6ed5-46a9-ac71-4ba80258372e&version=-1 Hans Town Conservation Area Proposals Statement], Royal Borough of Kensington & Chelsea, 2008, pp. 14-30. and was also responsible for the whole of the Baroque-style façade on Brompton Road that was completed in 1905 and which, apart from some changes by Louis D. Blanc and repairs of war damage, survives substantially intact.
In 1894, he designed the Harvey Nichols department store, also in Knightsbridge.
Stephens was responsible for designing the new Claridge's hotel on the corner of Brook Street and Davies Street, between 1894 and 1898. In 1897, he designed 54 Parkside (now the Apostolic Nunciature and formally known as Winkfield Lodge), a large detached house in Wimbledon, London, overlooking Wimbledon Common. It has been listed Grade II on the National Heritage List for England since 1988.{{NHLE|num=1080911|desc=Apostolic Nunciature|access-date=6 March 2019}}
Stephens designed the Park Lane Hotel, but work stopped at the outbreak of the First World War, and was completed by Adie, Button and Partners.{{cite book|author1=Christopher Hibbert|author2=Ben Weinreb|title=The London Encyclopaedia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wN_H-__MBpYC&pg=PA625|access-date=6 March 2019|year=2008|publisher=Macmillan|isbn=978-1-4050-4924-5|page=625}}
Later life
Stephens died at 49 Hans Road, Kensington, on 4 August 1917, aged 74, and was buried at Putney Vale Cemetery on 8 August.{{cite web |title=Register of Burials in the Putney Vale Cemetery|url=https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QSQ-G924-5WXD?i=394 |website=FamilySearch.org |access-date=6 March 2019}} {{subscription required}} He left an estate of £65,348 and probate was granted to Mary Broughton, spinster, and William Edward Ligonier Balfour, colonel H.M. Army.{{cite web|url=https://probatesearch.service.gov.uk/Calendar/GetImgSrc?filePath=%2F1917%2FS%2F002596_stenner_1917.Png|title=1917 Probate Calendar, p. 368.|author=Find a Will|website=gov.uk|access-date=9 March 2019}}
References
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External links
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Category:Burials at Putney Vale Cemetery
Category:Architects from London