CAMP test

Although the test is usually used to identify group B streptococcus, there is some evidence that the CAMP factor gene is present in several groups of streptococci, including group A.{{cite journal |vauthors=Gase K, Ferretti JJ, Primeaux C, McShan WM |title=Identification, cloning, and expression of the CAMP factor gene (cfa) of group A streptococci |journal=Infect. Immun. |volume=67 |issue=9 |pages=4725–31 |date=September 1999 |doi=10.1128/IAI.67.9.4725-4731.1999 |pmid=10456923 |pmc=96801 |url=}}

A similar factor has been identified in Bartonella henselae.{{cite journal |vauthors=Litwin CM, Johnson JM |title=Identification, cloning, and expression of the CAMP-like factor autotransporter gene (cfa) of Bartonella henselae |journal=Infect. Immun. |volume=73 |issue=7 |pages=4205–13 |date=July 2005 |pmid=15972511 |pmc=1168562 |doi=10.1128/IAI.73.7.4205-4213.2005 }}

The CAMP test can be used to identify Streptococcus agalactiae. Though not strongly beta-hemolytic on its own,{{cite web |url=http://gold.aecom.yu.edu/id/micro/hemolysis.htm |title=Microbiology Primer: Hemolysis |access-date=2008-12-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081211041747/http://gold.aecom.yu.edu/id/micro/hemolysis.htm |archive-date=2008-12-11 |url-status=dead }} group B strep presents with wedge-shaped colonies in the presence of Staphylococcus aureus.{{cite web |url=http://faculty.matcmadison.edu/mljensen/111CourseDocs/111Review/Unit2Reviews/streptococcaceae_answers.htm |title=Streptococcaceae Answers |access-date=2008-12-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081005151717/http://faculty.matcmadison.edu/mljensen/111CourseDocs/111Review/Unit2Reviews/streptococcaceae_answers.htm |archive-date=2008-10-05 |url-status=dead }}

It can also be used to identify Listeria monocytogenes which produces a positive CAMP reaction.{{Cite web|url=https://microbiologyinfo.com/camp-test-principle-uses-procedure-result-interpretation/|title=CAMP Test- Principle, Uses, Procedure and Result Interpretation|last=Aryal|first=Sagar|website=Microbiology Info.com|date=19 April 2016 |language=en-US|access-date=2019-09-04}}

1. Streak a beta-lysin–producing strain of aureus down the center of a sheep blood agar plate.
2. The test organism streak should be 3 to 4 cm long.
3. Streak test organisms across the plate perpendicular to the S. aureus streak within 2 mm. (Multiple organisms can be tested on a single plate).
4. Incubate at 35°-37°C in ambient air for 18-24 hours.
5. Wedge shaped pattern radiating from the test organism near the S. aureus indicates positivity

The reverse CAMP test is a method to identify Clostridium perfringens using β-hemolytic streptococci. The CAMP factor produced by S. agalactiae and the alpha toxin produced by C. perfringens act synergistically to produce enhanced hemolysis. Streaking these two organisms perpendicular to each other on a blood agar plate will yield a “bow tie” shaped zone of hemolysis which indicates a positive test.{{Cite web|url=https://asm.org/ASM/media/Protocol-Images/CAMP-Test-Protocols.pdf|title=CAMP Test Protocols|work=American Society for Microbiology|author=Anne Hanson|date=2006-10-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218143655/https://asm.org/ASM/media/Protocol-Images/CAMP-Test-Protocols.pdf|archive-date=2023-02-18}}{{Cite web|url=http://www.microbiologynotes.com/reverse-camp-test-for-the-identification-of-clostridium-perfringens/|title=Reverse CAMP test for the identification of Clostridium perfringens|date=2015-09-24|work=Microbiology Notes|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210124100318/https://microbiologynotes.com/reverse-camp-test-for-the-identification-of-clostridium-perfringens/|archive-date=2021-01-24|author=Pratiksha Pokhrel}}

CAMP is an acronym for "Christie–Atkins–Munch-Peterson",{{cite journal |vauthors=Ratner HB, Weeks LS, Stratton CW |title=Evaluation of spot CAMP test for identification of group B streptococci |journal=J. Clin. Microbiol. |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=296–7 |date=August 1986 |doi=10.1128/jcm.24.2.296-297.1986 |pmid=3528214 |pmc=268893 |url=}}{{cite journal |vauthors=Nsagha DS, Bello CS, Kandakai-Olukemi YT |title=Hippurate hydrolysis and Christie, Atkins, Munch-Peterson tests as epidemiological diagnostic tools for Streptococcus agalactiae carriage in pregnancy |journal=East Afr Med J |volume=77 |issue=1 |pages=34–6 |date=January 2000 |pmid=10944837 |doi= 10.4314/eamj.v77i1.46373|doi-access=free }}{{cite journal |vauthors=Valanne S, McDowell A, Ramage G |title=CAMP factor homologues in Propionibacterium acnes: a new protein family differentially expressed by types I and II |journal=Microbiology |volume=151 |issue=Pt 5 |pages=1369–79 |date=May 2005 |pmid=15870447 |doi=10.1099/mic.0.27788-0 |url=http://mic.sgmjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=15870447|display-authors=etal|doi-access=free }} for the three researchers who discovered the phenomenon.Christie, R., Atkins, NE and Munch-Petersen, E. (1944). A note on a lytic phenomenon shown by group B streptococci. Aust. J. Exp. Biol. Med. Sci. 22, 197-200

It is often incorrectly reported as the product of four people (counting Munch-Petersen as two people).{{cite web |url=http://pathmicro.med.sc.edu/fox/streptococci.htm |title=Streptococci |access-date=2008-12-12}} The true relationship (three people) is the reason for two en dashes and then one hyphen in Christie–Atkins–Munch-Petersen.

The name of the test bears no relationship to the name of the second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (commonly referred to as cAMP).

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Category:Medical tests

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