CGS Stanley
{{Short description|Canadian icebreaker}}
{{Use Canadian English|date=April 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}}
| {{Infobox ship begin|display title= CGS Stanley}}
{{Infobox ship image |Ship image=Icebreaker CGS Stanley, escorting two vessels.jpg |Ship image size=300px |Ship caption=The Canadian Government Ship Stanley escorting two vessels. }} {{Infobox ship career |Hide header= |Ship country=Canada |Ship flag={{Shipboxflag|Canada|naval-1921}} |Ship name= Stanley |Ship ordered= |Ship awarded= |Ship builder=Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering, Glasgow |Ship original cost= |Ship yard number= |Ship way number= |Ship laid down= |Ship launched=16 October 1888 |Ship sponsor= |Ship christened= |Ship completed=November 1888 |Ship acquired= |Ship commissioned= |Ship decommissioned= |Ship in service=1888 |Ship out of service=1935 |Ship renamed= |Ship reclassified= |Ship refit= |Ship struck= |Ship reinstated= |Ship homeport= |Ship identification= |Ship motto= |Ship nickname= |Ship honours= |Ship fate=Scrapped, 1936 |Ship notes= |Ship badge= }} {{Infobox ship characteristics |Hide header= |Header caption= |Ship type= Icebreaker |Ship tonnage={{GRT|914}} |Ship displacement= |Ship length= {{convert|207|ft|m|abbr=on}} |Ship beam= {{convert|32|ft|m|abbr=on}} |Ship draught= {{convert|13.5|ft|m|abbr=on}} |Ship propulsion=1 × screw, Steam triple-expansion engine, {{convert|2300|hp|0|abbr=on}} (nominal) |Ship speed={{convert|15|kn|kph|lk=in}} |Ship range= |Ship endurance= |Ship complement= |Ship notes= }} |
CGS Stanley has been described as Canada's first effective icebreaker.{{sfn|Maginley|Collin|2001|p=35}} She was launched in 1888, and remained in service until 1935. Constructed in the United Kingdom, Stanley was deployed along the East Coast of Canada for use as a ferry and lighthouse and buoy supply vessel and was used for icebreaking during winter months.
Description
Stanley{{'}}s design was based on icebreaking vessels of Swedish design for use in the Baltic Sea.{{sfn|Maginley|Collin|2001|p=35}} Of Siemens-Martin steel construction, Stanley had a bowsprit and a clipper bow.{{sfn|Appleton|1969|p=54}} The ship had a gross register tonnage (GRT) of 914 tons and was {{convert|207|ft|m|1}} long overall with a beam of {{convert|32|ft|m|1}} and a draught of {{convert|13.5|ft|m|1}}.{{sfn|Maginley|Collin|2001|p=35}}
The ship was powered by steam from a triple-expansion engine driving a single screw. This created {{convert|2300|hp|0}} (nominal) and gave the vessel a maximum speed of {{convert|15|kn|kph|lk=in}}.{{sfn|Maginley|Collin|2001|p=35}}{{sfn|Appleton|1969|p=54}} The ship was certificated for passenger service in Canada.{{sfn|Appleton|1969|p=54}}
Service history
Stanley was ordered by the Government of Canada following complaints by Prince Edward Island that Canada was not following through on its constitutional commitments to the province. The existing icebreaker, {{ship|CGS|Northern Light||2}}, was found to be in poor shape and was withdrawn from service.{{sfn|Appleton|1969|pp=52–53}} The construction of an icebreaker was ordered from Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering of Glasgow, Scotland at their yard in Govan with the ship's launch on 16 October 1888. Stanley was named for Frederick Stanley, 16th Earl of Derby, and completed in November 1888.{{sfn|Maginley|Collin|2001|p=35}}{{sfn|Miramar Ship Index}}
Upon entering service in 1888, Stanley{{'}}s primary function was to provide winter passenger ferry service to Prince Edward Island, making daily trips from Charlottetown and Pictou, Nova Scotia until the ice forced the ship to work from Georgetown, Prince Edward Island.{{sfn|Maginley|Collin|2001|p=35}}{{sfn|Appleton|1969|p=54}} Even though she was capable of breaking ice, the ship sometimes remained caught in it when the ice became too thick. During the spring, once regular ferry service could be resumed, Stanley{{'}}s duties were shifted to lighthouse and buoy supply. During the summer months, the ship was used as a fisheries patrol vessel in the Atlantic fisheries. During autumn, Stanley reverted to lighthouse and buoy supply.{{sfn|Maginley|Collin|2001|p=35}}
In 1910 Stanley and {{ship|CGS|Earl Grey||2}} sailed to Hudson Bay and Hudson Strait to survey the routes to Churchill and Port Nelson, Manitoba, returning to the area in 1912. On 2 May 1922, Stanley rescued an American steamer, {{ship||Cairnmona}}, when she was disabled off the coast of Cape Breton Island.{{sfn|American Shipping News}}
In July 1927 a scientific expedition based on the aboard Stanley and the commercial vessel {{SS|Larch}} was tasked to determine the safe navigation season for vessels using the new port facilities at Churchill, Manitoba, the only port on the Arctic Ocean connected to the North American railroad grid.{{sfn|Fleming|1957|pp=88–89}} The Aviators of Hudson Strait, a 1973 Canadian short documentary film produced by the National Film Board of Canada (NFB) for the Department of National Defence, was made of the 1927–1928 expedition.{{cite web |last=Weldon |first=Carolyne |url=http://blog.nfb.ca/blog/2012/06/12/15-nfb-films-about-planes/ |title=Jets, Floatplanes and Bombers: 15 NFB Films about Planes |publisher=National Film Board of Canada |date=12 June 2012 |access-date=16 April 2017}} The ship was withdrawn from service in 1935. The ship was sold in 1936 for scrap and the scrapping was completed first quarter of 1937.{{sfn|Maginley|Collin|2001|p=35}}{{sfn|Miramar Ship Index}}
References
=Citations=
{{reflist}}
=Sources=
- {{cite magazine|title=American Shipping News |volume=15 |date=1922 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WCLmAAAAMAAJ&q=%22CGS+Stanley%22+OR+%22Canadian+Government+Ship+Stanley%22 |magazine=American Shipping News|ref={{sfnref|American Shipping News}}}}
- {{cite book|title=Usque Ad Mare: A History of the Canadian Coast Guard and Marine Services |year=1969 |last=Appleton |first=Thomas E. |publisher=Department of Transport Canada |location=Ottawa, Ontario |oclc=2230587 }}
- {{cite book |last=Fleming |first=Howard A. |date=1957 |title=Canada's Arctic Outlet: A History of the Hudson Bay Railway |url=https://archive.org/details/canadasarcticout0000flem |url-access=registration |publisher=University of California Press |location=Los Angeles |oclc=314707309 }}
- {{cite book |last1=Maginley |first1=Charles D. |last2=Collin |first2=Bernard |name-list-style=amp |year=2001 |title=The Ships of Canada's Marine Services |publisher=Vanwell Publishing Limited |location=St. Catharines, Ontario |isbn=1-55125-070-5}}
- {{csr|register=MSI|id=1094630|shipname=Stanley|accessdate=16 April 2017|ref={{sfnref|Miramar Ship Index}}}}
{{Icebreakers of Canada}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Stanley}}
Category:Patrol vessels of the Canadian Coast Guard
Category:Auxiliary ships of the Royal Canadian Navy
Category:Icebreakers of the Royal Canadian Navy