CHRNA6
{{Short description|Protein-coding gene in humans}}
{{Infobox_gene}}
Cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, alpha 6, also known as nAChRα6, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CHRNA6 gene.{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: CHRNA6 cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, alpha 6| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=8973}} The CHRNA6 gene codes for the α6 nicotinic receptor subunit that is found in certain types of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors found primarily in the brain. Neural nicotinic acetylcholine receptors containing α6 subunits are expressed on dopamine-releasing neurons in the midbrain,*{{cite journal | vauthors=Le Novère N, Zoli M, Changeux JP |title=Neuronal nicotinic receptor alpha 6 subunit mRNA is selectively concentrated in catecholaminergic nuclei of the rat brain |journal=Eur. J. Neurosci. |volume=8 |issue= 11 |pages= 2428–2439 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8950106 |doi=10.1111/j.1460-9568.1996.tb01206.x |s2cid=23102912 }}{{cite journal | last1 = Meyer | first1 = EL | last2 = Yoshikami | first2 = D | last3 = McIntosh | first3 = JM | title = The Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors α4* and α6* Differentially Modulate Dopamine Release in Mouse Striatal Slices | journal = Journal of Neurochemistry | volume = 105 | issue = 5 | pages = 1761–1769 | year = 2008 | pmid = 18248619 |name-list-style=vanc | pmc = 2527994 | doi = 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05266.x }} and dopamine release following activation of these neurons is thought to be involved in the addictive properties of nicotine.{{cite journal | doi = 10.1016/j.neuron.2008.09.031 | last1 = Calabresi | first1 = P | last2 = Massimiliano | first2 = DF. |name-list-style=vanc |date=Oct 2008 | title = ACh/Dopamine Crosstalk in Motor Control and Reward: A Crucial Role for α6-Containing Nicotinic Receptors? | journal = Neuron | volume = 60 | issue = 1| pages = 4–7 | pmid = 18940582 | s2cid = 10537163 | doi-access = free }}{{cite journal |vauthors=Drenan RM, Grady SR, Whiteaker P, McClure-Begley T, McKinney S, Miwa JM, Bupp S, Heintz N, McIntosh JM, Bencherif M, Marks MJ, Lester HA |title=In vivo activation of midbrain dopamine neurons via sensitized, high-affinity alpha 6 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors |journal=Neuron |volume=60 |issue=1 |pages=123–136 |year=2008 |pmid=18940593 |pmc=2632732 |doi=10.1016/j.neuron.2008.09.009 |display-authors = 8}}{{cite journal | last1 = Exley | first1 = R | last2 = Clements | first2 = MA | last3 = Hartung | first3 = H | last4 = McIntosh | first4 = JM | last5 = Cragg | first5 = SJ | title = Alpha6-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors dominate the nicotine control of dopamine neurotransmission in nucleus accumbens | journal = Neuropsychopharmacology | volume = 33 | issue = 9 | pages = 2158–2166 | year = 2008 | pmid = 18033235 |name-list-style=vanc | doi = 10.1038/sj.npp.1301617 | doi-access = free }} Due to their selective localisation on dopaminergic neurons, α6-containing nACh receptors have also been suggested as a possible therapeutic target for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.{{cite journal | last1 = Quik | first1 = M | last2 = McIntosh | first2 = JM | title = Striatal alpha6* nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: potential targets for Parkinson's disease therapy | journal = The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics | volume = 316 | issue = 2 | pages = 481–489 | year = 2006 | pmid = 16210393 |name-list-style=vanc | doi = 10.1124/jpet.105.094375 | s2cid = 20050682 }}{{cite journal | last1 = Bordia | first1 = T | last2 = Grady | first2 = SR | last3 = McIntosh | first3 = JM | last4 = Quik | first4 = M | title = Nigrostriatal damage preferentially decreases a subpopulation of alpha6beta2* nAChRs in mouse, monkey, and Parkinson's disease striatum | journal = Molecular Pharmacology | volume = 72 | issue = 1 | pages = 52–61 | year = 2007 | pmid = 17409284 |name-list-style=vanc | doi = 10.1124/mol.107.035998 | s2cid = 25281990 }}
In addition to nicotine, research in animals has implicated alpha-6-containing nAChRs in the abusive and addictive properties of ethanol, with mecamylamine demonstrating a potent ability to block these properties.
Interactive pathway map
{{NicotineDopaminergicActivity_WP1602|highlight=CHRNA6}}
See also
References
{{reflist}}
Further reading
{{refbegin | 2}}
- {{cite journal | vauthors=Zeiger JS, Haberstick BC, Schlaepfer I |title=The neuronal nicotinic receptor subunit genes (CHRNA6 and CHRNB3) are associated with subjective responses to tobacco |journal=Hum. Mol. Genet. |volume=17 |issue= 5 |pages= 724–734 |year= 2008 |pmid= 18055561 |doi= 10.1093/hmg/ddm344 |display-authors=etal|doi-access=free }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors=Shi J, Hattori E, Zou H |title=No Evidence for Association between 19 Cholinergic Genes and Bipolar Disorder |journal=Am. J. Med. Genet. B Neuropsychiatr. Genet. |volume=144 |issue= 6 |pages= 715–723 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17373692 |doi= 10.1002/ajmg.b.30417 | pmc=2576477 |display-authors=etal}}
- {{cite journal | vauthors=Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F |title=Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks |journal=Cell |volume=127 |issue= 3 |pages= 635–648 |year= 2006 |pmid= 17081983 |doi= 10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026 |s2cid=7827573 |display-authors=etal|doi-access=free }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors=Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA |title=The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 10B |pages= 2121–2127 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15489334 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2596504 | pmc=528928 |display-authors=etal}}
- {{cite journal | vauthors=Keiger CJ, Case LD, Kendal-Reed M |title=Nicotinic cholinergic receptor expression in the human nasal mucosa |journal=Ann. Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol. |volume=112 |issue= 1 |pages= 77–84 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12537063 |doi= 10.1177/000348940311200115|s2cid=24705718 |display-authors=etal}}
- {{cite journal | vauthors=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–16903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 | pmc=139241 |bibcode=2002PNAS...9916899M |display-authors=etal|doi-access=free }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors=Ebihara M, Ohba H, Ohno SI, Yoshikawa T |title=Genomic organization and promoter analysis of the human nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha6 subunit (CHNRA6) gene: Alu and other elements direct transcriptional repression |journal=Gene |volume=298 |issue= 1 |pages= 101–108 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12406580 |doi=10.1016/S0378-1119(02)00925-3 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors=Graham A, Court JA, Martin-Ruiz CM |title=Immunohistochemical localisation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits in human cerebellum |journal=Neuroscience |volume=113 |issue= 3 |pages= 493–507 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12150770 |doi=10.1016/S0306-4522(02)00223-3 |s2cid=39839166 |display-authors=etal}}
- {{cite journal | vauthors=Elliott KJ, Ellis SB, Berckhan KJ |title=Comparative structure of human neuronal alpha 2-alpha 7 and beta 2-beta 4 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits and functional expression of the alpha 2, alpha 3, alpha 4, alpha 7, beta 2, and beta 4 subunits |journal=J. Mol. Neurosci. |volume=7 |issue= 3 |pages= 217–228 |year= 1997 |pmid= 8906617 |doi= 10.1007/BF02736842 |s2cid=45737923 |display-authors=etal}}
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External links
- {{MeshName|CHRNA6+protein,+human}}
- {{UCSC gene info|CHRNA6}}
{{NLM content}}
{{Ligand-gated ion channels}}
Category:Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors
{{gene-8-stub}}