COS cells
{{Short description|Cell lines derived from monkey kidney tissue}}
File:COS-7 Cells - 40X Magnification - Confocal Microscopy.jpg
COS are fibroblast-like cell lines derived from monkey kidney tissue. COS cells are obtained by immortalizing CV-1 cells{{cite journal | vauthors = Jensen FC, Girardi AJ, Gilden RV, Koprowski H | title = Infection of human and simian tissue cultures with rous sarcoma virus | journal = Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | volume = 52 | issue = 1| pages = 53–9 |date=July 1964 | pmid = 14192657 | pmc = 300571 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.52.1.53| bibcode = 1964PNAS...52...53J | doi-access = free }} with a version of the SV40 virus that can produce large T antigen but has a defect in genomic replication.{{cite journal | author = Gluzman Y | title = SV40-transformed simian cells support the replication of early SV40 mutants | journal = Cell | volume = 23 | issue = 1 | pages = 175–82 |date=January 1981 | pmid = 6260373 | doi = 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90282-8| s2cid = 36241020 }} The CV-1 cell line in turn was derived from the kidney of the African green monkey.{{cite web|title=COS-7 cell line: Origin and Characteristics|url=http://www.cos-7.com/|first1=Alex|last1=Fanelli|date=2016|access-date=28 November 2017}}
The acronym "COS" is derived from the cells being CV-1 (simian) in Origin, and carrying the SV40 genetic material. Three COS lines were created (COS-1, COS-3 and COS-7), of which two are commonly used (COS-1 and COS-7).
Applications
The COS cell lines are often used by biologists when studying the monkey virus SV40. Cells from these lines are also often transfected to produce recombinant proteins for molecular biology, biochemistry, and cell biology experiments.{{cite journal|title=Transient expression of proteins using COS cells|last1=Aruffo |first1=A|date= November 2002|doi=10.1002/0471142727.mb1612s60|journal=Curr Protoc Mol Biol|pmid=18265298|volume=Chapter 16|page=Unit 16.12|isbn=0471142727 |s2cid=32951096 }}
When an expression construct with an SV40 origin of replication is introduced into COS cells, the vector can be replicated substantially by the large T antigen. These COS cells are genetically modified to produce the T antigen from their own genome.{{cite journal|title=Heterologous expression of rat liver microsomal glutathione transferase in simian COS cells and Escherichia coli|journal=Biochem. J.|date=1995|issue=3|pages=861–866|first1=Rolf |last1=WEINANDER|display-authors=etal|pmc=1136080|pmid=7487942|volume=311|doi=10.1042/bj3110861}}
References
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External links
- [http://www.cellosaurus.org/CVCL_0223 Cellosaurus entry for COS-1]
- [http://www.cellosaurus.org/CVCL_HE48 Cellosaurus entry for COS-3]
- [http://www.cellosaurus.org/CVCL_0224 Cellosaurus entry for COS-7]