Cadmium resistance transporter

Currently, many sequenced proteins comprise the CadD family. Two are close orthologues in two Staphylococcus species that have been reported to function in cadmium resistance, a fourth has been reported to function in quaternary ammonium cation export, and the fourth is a distant open reading frame (ORF) in Staphylococcus aureus.{{cite journal | vauthors = Crupper SS, Worrell V, Stewart GC, Iandolo JJ | title = Cloning and expression of cadD, a new cadmium resistance gene of Staphylococcus aureus | journal = Journal of Bacteriology | volume = 181 | issue = 13 | pages = 4071–5 | date = July 1999 | doi = 10.1128/JB.181.13.4071-4075.1999 | pmid = 10383976 | pmc = 93898 }} These proteins are found in Gram-positive bacteria. Their mode of energy coupling has not been investigated, but is hypothesized to include a proton antiport mechanism. This family is distantly related to members of the LysE family ([http://www.tcdb.org/search/result.php?tc=2.a.75 TC #2.A.75]) and the RhtB family ([http://www.tcdb.org/search/result.php?tc=2.a.76 TC #2.A.76]). These three families, which are included in the LysE superfamily, all consist of proteins of similar sizes (about 200 residues) and topologies (6 putative transmembrane α-helical segments; 5 experimentally determined TMSs).{{cite journal | vauthors = Cao Y, Jin X, Levin EJ, Huang H, Zong Y, Quick M, Weng J, Pan Y, Love J, Punta M, Rost B, Hendrickson WA, Javitch JA, Rajashankar KR, Zhou M | title = Crystal structure of a phosphorylation-coupled saccharide transporter | journal = Nature | volume = 473 | issue = 7345 | pages = 50–4 | date = May 2011 | pmid = 21471968 | pmc = 3201810 | doi = 10.1038/nature09939 | bibcode = 2011Natur.473...50C }}

The probable reaction catalyzed by these proteins is:

Cationic compound (in) + nH⁺ (out) → Cationic compound (out) + nH⁺ (in).

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• {{cite journal | vauthors = Schirawski J, Hagens W, Fitzgerald GF, Van Sinderen D | title = Molecular characterization of cadmium resistance in Streptococcus thermophilus strain 4134: an example of lateral gene transfer | journal = Applied and Environmental Microbiology | volume = 68 | issue = 11 | pages = 5508–16 | date = November 2002 | pmid = 12406744 | pmc = 129935 | doi = 10.1128/AEM.68.11.5508-5516.2002 | bibcode = 2002ApEnM..68.5508S }}
• {{cite journal | vauthors = Johnson DA, Tetu SG, Phillippy K, Chen J, Ren Q, Paulsen IT | title = High-throughput phenotypic characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa membrane transport genes | journal = PLOS Genetics | volume = 4 | issue = 10 | pages = e1000211 | date = October 2008 | pmid = 18833300 | pmc = 2542419 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000211 | doi-access = free }}
• {{cite journal | vauthors = Nies DH | title = Resistance to cadmium, cobalt, zinc, and nickel in microbes | journal = Plasmid | volume = 27 | issue = 1 | pages = 17–28 | date = January 1992 | pmid = 1741458 | doi = 10.1016/0147-619X(92)90003-S}}
• {{cite journal | vauthors = Braz VS, Marques MV | title = Genes involved in cadmium resistance in Caulobacter crescentus | journal = FEMS Microbiology Letters | volume = 251 | issue = 2 | pages = 289–95 | date = October 2005 | pmid = 16168577 | doi = 10.1016/j.femsle.2005.08.013 | doi-access = free }}
• {{cite journal | vauthors = Lee SW, Glickmann E, Cooksey DA | title = Chromosomal locus for cadmium resistance in Pseudomonas putida consisting of a cadmium-transporting ATPase and a MerR family response regulator | journal = Applied and Environmental Microbiology | volume = 67 | issue = 4 | pages = 1437–44 | date = April 2001 | pmid = 11282588 | pmc = 92752 | doi = 10.1128/AEM.67.4.1437-1444.2001 | bibcode = 2001ApEnM..67.1437L }}

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{{dual|source=Transporter Classification Database|sourcepath=http://www.tcdb.org/search/result.php?tc=2.A.77|sourcearticle=2.A.77 The Cadmium Resistance (CadD) Family|author=Saier Lab Bioinformatics|date=25 February 2016}}

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Category:Solute carrier family

Category:Protein families

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