Caesium auride

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| Watchedfields = changed

| Name =

| ImageFile = CsCl polyhedra.png

| ImageFile1 = Caesium-auride-3D-vdW.png

| ImageFile2 = Caesium auride.png

| ImageCaption2 = Solution of CsAu(left), pure CsAu(right)

| verifiedrevid = 459436295

| OtherNames =

| IUPACName = Caesium auride

| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers

| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}

| CASNo = 12256-37-0

| ChemSpiderID = 65322210

| PubChem = 71308168

| SMILES = [Cs][Au]

| SMILES_Comment = covalent form

| SMILES1 = [Cs+].[Au-]

| SMILES1_Comment = ionic form

| StdInChI = 1S/Au.Cs

| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}}

| StdInChIKey = COOMJVRPVOQALF-UHFFFAOYSA-N

| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}}

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| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties

| Cs=1|Au=1

| Appearance = Yellow crystals

| MeltingPtC = 580

| MeltingPt_ref = {{cite journal|last1=Kienast|first1=Gerhard|last2=Verma|first2=Jitendra|last3=Klemm|first3=Wilhelm|title=Das Verhalten der Alkalimetalle zu Kupfer, Silber und Gold|journal=Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie|date=June 1961|volume=310|issue=3|pages=143–169|doi=10.1002/zaac.19613100304|language=German}}

| Solubility = reacts violently

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| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure

| CrystalStruct = CsCl

| SpaceGroup =

| PointGroup =

| LattConst_a = 4.24 Å

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Caesium auride is the inorganic compound with the formula CsAu. It is the Cs+ salt of the unusual Au anion.{{cite journal |first1= William J. |last1= Peer |first2= J. J. |last2= Lagowski |author-link2= J J Lagowski |year= 1978 |journal= J. Am. Chem. Soc. |volume= 100 |pages= 6260–6261 |title= Metal-Ammonia Solutions. 11. Au, a Solvated Transition Metal Anion |doi= 10.1021/ja00487a064 }}

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Preparation and reactions

CsAu is obtained by heating a stoichiometric mixture of caesium and gold. The two metallic-yellow liquids react to give a transparent yellow product. Despite being a compound of two metals, CsAu lacks metallic properties since it is a salt with localized charges; it instead behaves as a semiconductor with band gap 2.6 eV.{{cite journal |last1=Norrby |first1=Lars J. |title=Why is mercury liquid? Or, why do relativistic effects not get into chemistry textbooks? |journal=Journal of Chemical Education |date=February 1991 |volume=68 |issue=2 |pages=110 |doi=10.1021/ED068P110|bibcode=1991JChEd..68..110N }}

The compound hydrolyzes readily, yielding caesium hydroxide, metallic gold, and hydrogen.

:2 CsAu + 2 H2O → 2 CsOH + 2 Au + H2

The solution in liquid ammonia is brown, and the ammonia adduct {{chem2|CsAu*NH3}} is blue; the latter has ammonia molecules intercalated between layers of the CsAu crystal parallel to the (110) plane. Solutions undergo metathesis with tetramethylammonium loaded ion exchange resin to give tetramethylammonium auride.{{cite journal|title=Effects of relativistic motion of electrons on the chemistry of gold and platinum|journal=Solid State Sciences|date=2005-11-30|volume=7|issue=12|pages=1464–1474|doi=10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2005.06.015|last=Jansen|first=Martin|bibcode=2005SSSci...7.1464J|doi-access=free}}

References

{{Reflist}}

Further reading

  • {{cite journal |journal= Chemical Society Reviews |volume= 37 |issue= 9 |year= 2008 |title= The chemistry of gold as an anion |first= Martin |last= Jansen | pages= 1826–1835 |doi= 10.1039/B708844M |pmid= 18762832 }}—includes photograph of the compound.

{{Gold compounds}}

{{Caesium compounds}}

Category:Gold(−I) compounds

Category:Caesium compounds

Category:Semiconductor materials

Category:Caesium chloride crystal structure