Caesium nitrate

{{Short description|Chemical compound CsNO₃}}

{{chembox

| Watchedfields = changed

| verifiedrevid = 443431537

| Reference = {{RubberBible62nd|page=B-92}}.

| Name = Caesium nitrate

| ImageFile = Cesium nitrate.JPG

|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers

| InChI = 1/Cs.NO3/c;2-1(3)4/q+1;-1

| SMILES = [Cs+].[O-] [N+]([O-])=O

| InChIKey = NLSCHDZTHVNDCP-UHFFFAOYAE

| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}

| StdInChI = 1S/Cs.NO3/c;2-1(3)4/q+1;-1

| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}

| StdInChIKey = NLSCHDZTHVNDCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N

| CASNo = 7789-18-6

| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}

| EC_number = 232-146-8

| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}

| ChemSpiderID = 56425

| ChEBI = 231514

| UNNumber = 1451

| PubChem = 62674

| RTECS = FL0700000

| UNII = 0K0743KO17

}}

|Section2={{Chembox Properties

| Formula = CsNO₃

| MolarMass = 194.91 g/mol

| Appearance = white solid

| Solubility = 9.16 g/100 ml (0 °C)
196.8 g/100 ml (100 °C)

| Solubility1 = soluble

| Solvent1 = acetone

| Solubility2 = slightly soluble

| Solvent2 = ethanol

| Density = 3.685 g/cm³

| MeltingPtC = 414

| BoilingPt = decomposes, see text

}}

|Section7={{Chembox Hazards

| GHSPictograms = {{GHS flame over circle|Ox. Sol. 3}}

| GHSSignalWord = WARNING

| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|272|315|319|335}}

| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|210|220|221|280|370+378|501}}

| FlashPt = Non-flammable

| LD50 = 2390 mg/kg (oral, rat){{cite journal|pmid=695884|author1=N Iu Tarasenko|author2=E P Lemeshevskaia|title=Deĭstvie soedineniĭ tseziia na organizm [Effect of cesium compounds on the body]|journal=Vestn Akad Med Nauk SSSR |date=1978|lang=ru}}

}}

|Section8={{Chembox Related

| OtherAnions = Caesium nitrite

| OtherCations = Lithium nitrate
Sodium nitrate
Potassium nitrate
Rubidium nitrate

}}

}}

Caesium nitrate or cesium nitrate is a salt with the chemical formula CsNO₃. An alkali metal nitrate, it is used in pyrotechnic compositions, as a colorant and an oxidizer, e.g. in decoys and illumination flares. The caesium emissions are chiefly due to two powerful spectral lines at 852.113 nm and 894.347 nm.{{cn|date=September 2023}}

Caesium nitrate prisms are used in infrared spectroscopy, in x-ray phosphors, and in scintillation counters.{{Merck13th|page=345}}. It is also used in making optical glasses and lenses.

As with other alkali metal nitrates, caesium nitrate decomposes on gentle heating to give caesium nitrite:

:{{chem2 | 2 CsNO3 -> 2 CsNO2 + O2 }}

Caesium also forms two unusual acid nitrates, which can be described as CsNO₃·HNO₃ and CsNO₃·2HNO₃ (melting points 100 °C and 36–38 °C respectively).