Calandrella
{{Short description|Genus of birds}}
{{Italic title}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| name = Calandrella
| image = Greater Short-Toed Lark (Calandrella brachydactyla) I IMG 4695.jpg
| image_caption = Greater short-toed lark (Calandrella brachydactyla)
| taxon = Calandrella
| authority = Kaup, 1829
| type_species = Alauda brachydactyla
| type_species_authority = Leisler, 1814
| range_map =
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision = see text
| synonyms = * Tephrocorys
}}
Taxonomy and systematics
The genus Calandrella was established by the German naturalist Johann Jakob Kaup in 1829 with the greater short-toed lark as the type species.{{ cite book | last=Kaup | first=Johann Jakob | author-link=Johann Jakob Kaup | year=1829 | title=Skizzirte Entwickelungs-Geschichte und natürliches System der europäischen Thierwelt | volume=c. 1 | language=German | place=Darmstadt | publisher=Carl Wilhelm Leske | page=39 | url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41576424 }} The genus name is a diminutive of Ancient Greek kalandros, the calandra lark.{{cite book | last= Jobling | first= James A | year= 2010| title= The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | url= https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling | publisher= Christopher Helm | location = London | isbn = 978-1-4081-2501-4 | page = [https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling/page/n84 84]}} Four of the species in the genus use the shortened name of short-toed lark as an alternate name.
=Extant species=
Six species are recognized in the genus:{{Cite web|url=http://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/larks/|title=Nicators, reedling & larks « IOC World Bird List|website=www.worldbirdnames.org|access-date=2016-12-06}}
| class="wikitable" | |||
| Image | Scientific name | Common Name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
| 120px | Calandrella acutirostris | Hume's short-toed lark | from Iran and Kazakhstan to China. |
| 120px | Calandrella dukhunensis | Mongolian short-toed lark | China and Mongolia |
| 120px | Calandrella blanfordi | Blanford's lark | northeast Africa and Arabia |
| Calandrella eremica | Rufous-capped lark | southwestern Arabia and Somaliland. | |
| 120px | Calandrella cinerea | Red-capped lark | Ethiopia and Somaliland |
| 120px | Calandrella brachydactyla | Greater short-toed lark | southern edge of the Sahara and India |
=Extinct species=
At least one fossil species is included in this genus:
- †Calandrella gali (late Miocene of Polgardi, Hungary)Kessler, E. 2013. Neogene songbirds (Aves, Passeriformes) from Hungary. – Hantkeniana, Budapest, 2013, 8: 37-149.
=Former species=
Some authorities have classified the following species as belonging to the genus Calandrella:
- Buckley's lark (as Calandrella buckleyi){{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=F9A78129&sec=summary&ssver=1|title=Mirafra rufocinnamomea buckleyi - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2016-12-17}}
- Obbia lark (as Calandrella obbiensis){{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=D7A55FB3209AAFF7|title=Spizocorys obbiensis - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2016-12-02}}
- Sclater's lark (as Calandrella sclateri){{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=527EE4D41920B41B|title=Spizocorys sclateri - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2016-12-02}}
- Stark's lark (as Calandrella starki){{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=352A539174F5E785|title=Spizocorys starki - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2016-12-02}}
- Masked lark (as Calandrella personata){{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=419AEB97D5AD0CDB|title=Spizocorys personata - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2016-12-04}}
- Botha's lark (as Calandrella fringillaris){{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=53C0293AE6A9B14F|title=Spizocorys fringillaris - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2016-12-04}}
- Pink-billed Lark (as Calandrella conirostris){{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=1E4143F8&sec=summary&ssver=1|title=Spizocorys conirostris - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2016-12-16}}
- Raso lark (as Calandrella razae){{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=359C16F5B8631E8D|title=Alauda razae - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2016-12-05}}
- Athi short-toed lark (as Calandrella athensis){{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=5392A0C7FFD8A084|title=Alaudala athensis - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2016-12-19}}
- Asian short-toed lark (as Calandrella cheleensis){{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=E1940103&sec=summary&ssver=1|title=Alaudala cheleensis - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2016-12-19}}
- Kazakhstan lesser short-toed lark (as Calandrella leucophaea){{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=7D939A34&sec=summary&ssver=1|title=Alaudala cheleensis leucophaea - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2016-12-19}}
- Somali short-toed lark (as Calandrella somalica){{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=437C0498&sec=summary&ssver=1|title=Alaudala somalica - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2016-12-20}}
- Sand lark (as Calandrella raytal){{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=862C271E&sec=summary&ssver=1|title=Alaudala raytal - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2016-12-21}}
References
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{{Commonscat|Calandrella}}
{{Passerida|S.|state=collapsed}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q520302}}
Category:Taxa named by Johann Philipp Achilles Leisler
Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot
{{Alaudidae-stub}}