Callao Square
{{Short description|Central square in Madrid}}
{{Infobox street
| name = Callao Square
| native_name ={{native name|es|Plaza del Callao}}
| namesake = Battle of Callao
| image = City of Madrid (18038988892).jpg
| image_size = 240
| caption = View of the square in 2015
| postal_code = 28013
| location = Centro, Madrid, Spain
| maint = Ayuntamiento of Madrid
| image_map = {{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=y|frame-width=255|frame-height=255|zoom=16|frame-lat=40.419871|frame-long=-3.705829|type=shape-inverse|stroke-width=1|stroke-color=#333333|id=Q2099125|title=Callao Square}}
| coordinates = {{coord|40.419862|-3.705828}}
| designer =
| junction = Calle de Preciados, Gran Vía
| completion_date =
| type = square
}}
The Callao Square ({{langx|es|links=no|plaza del Callao}}){{Sfn|Alfaro Zaforteza|2014|p=260}} is located at the centre of the Spanish capital of Madrid.
History and description
Shaped in 1861,{{sfn|Alonso Pereira|1980|p=23}} the square was formally opened in June 1866;{{sfn|Gea Ortigas|2012|p=58}} its name remembers the May 1866 battle of Callao between the Spanish naval forces under the command of Casto Méndez Núñez and the Peruvian army.{{sfn|Gea Ortigas|2012|p=58}}
The square was substantially and aggressively reformed in the 21st century.{{Harvnb|Nieto Codina|2010|p=72}}; {{Harvnb|Brandis García|Río Lafuente|2016|p=261}} The reform removed nearly all elements present by that time, except the metro station access and a big tree, turning the square into a pedestrian and homogeneous space, while adding a limited number of pieces of urban furniture.{{Sfn|Nieto Codina|2010|p=73}} Conversely, big screens were added to the surrounding buildings.{{Sfn|Nieto Codina|2010|p=73}} Located in a very commercial area of the city, the pedestrian space is often for rent to companies wanting to carry out advertising events.{{Sfn|Brandis García|Río Lafuente|2016|pp=257-258}}
Buildings
File:Fnac Callao (Madrid) 03.jpg department store until 1993)]]
File:Gran Vía (Madrid) 39.jpg at Plaza de Callao #3 / Gran Vía #39]]
Buildings on the Square include:
- Cine Callao
- El Corte Inglés department store at #2, 9 stories,{{cite web |title=Departamentos en El Corte Inglés Preciados–Callao |url=https://www.elcorteingles.es/centroscomerciales/es/eci/centros/centro-comercial-preciados-callao/departamentos/por_plantas |website=El Corte Inglés |access-date=7 January 2024}} part of a multi-building store complex
- Fnac
- La Adriática building at Plaza de Callao #3 (Gran Vía #39)
- Hotel Florida (demolished)
See also
References
;Citations
{{reflist|2}}
;Bibliography
- {{Cite book|title=Maritime History and Identity: The Sea and Culture in the Modern World|editor=Duncan Redford|publisher=I.B. Tauris|location=London & New York|year=2014|isbn=978-1-78076-329-3|chapter=From Trafalgar to Santiago: The Spanish Navy and National Identity in Nineteenth-Century Spain|pages=253–270|first=Carlos|last=Alfaro Zaforteza}}
- {{Cite journal|url=http://granvia.memoriademadrid.es/fondos/OTROS/Imp_22025_ia_villamadrid_num069_0019-0028.pdf|first=José Ramón|last=Alonso Pereira|title=En torno a la Gran Vía|pages=19–28|journal=Villa de Madrid|publisher=Ayuntamiento de Madrid|issue=69|year=1980|location=Madrid|issn=0042-6164}}
- {{Cite journal|title=Paisaje y espacio público urbano. El deterioro de las plazas del centro histórico madrileño (1945-2015)|first1=Dolores|last1=Brandis García|first2=Isabel del|last2=Río Lafuente|journal=Cuadernos Geográficos|location=Granada|publisher=Editorial Universidad de Granada|issn=0210-5462|volume=55|issue=2|url=http://revistaseug.ugr.es/index.php/cuadgeo/article/view/3825/5143|year=2016|pages=238–264}}
- {{Cite book|title=Los nombres de las calles de Madrid|first=María Isabel|last=Gea Ortigas|isbn=978-84-9873-182-8|location=Madrid|publisher=Ediciones La Librería|year=2012}}
- {{Cite journal|title=Espacios públicos recientemente remodelados en el casco antiguo de Madrid (2006-2011) : la Plaza de Las Cortes y la Plaza del Callao|year=2010|first=Aurelio|last=Nieto Codina|url=http://e-spacio.uned.es/fez/eserv/bibliuned:ETFSerieVI-2010-3085/Documento.pdf|doi=10.5944/etfvi.3.2010.2614|journal=Espacio, Tiempo y Forma, Serie VI, Geografía|issn=1130-2968|location=Madrid|publisher=Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia|issue=3|doi-access=free}}