Calothamnus pinifolius
{{Short description|Species of flowering plant}}
{{Use Australian English|date=July 2024}}
{{Speciesbox
|image = Calothamnus pinifolius (1).JPG
|image_caption = C. pinifolius at East Mount Barren
|genus = Calothamnus
|species = pinifolius
|authority = F.Muell.
|synonyms =
Melaleuca peucophylla Craven & R.D.Edwards
}}
Calothamnus pinifolius, commonly known as dense clawflower, is a plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect shrub with dense foliage and clusters of red flowers, partly immersed in the prickly foliage, between July and January.
Description
Calothamnus pinifolius is an erect shrub that grows to {{convert|0.3-2.0|m|ft|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} high with a few long shoots and branches and a short shoot emerging from above the leaves of every long one.{{cite book|last1=Carlquist|first1=Sherwin|title=Island Biology|date=1974|publisher=Columbia University|location=New York|page=294|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41480012#page/312/mode/1up|accessdate=6 August 2015}} Its leaves are about {{convert|20-30|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long, crowded, thin and prickly.{{cite journal|last1=Hawkeswood|first1=Trevor J.|title=Nine new species of Calothamnus Labill. (Myrtaceae: Leptospermoideae) from Western Australia|journal=Nuytsia|date=1984|volume=5|issue=1|pages=124–125|doi=10.58828/nuy00099 |s2cid=89643195 |url=https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/science/nuytsia/99.pdf|accessdate=4 August 2015}}{{cite book|last1=Corrick|first1=Margaret G.|last2=Fuhrer|first2=Bruce A.|title=Wildflowers of southern Western Australia|date=2009|publisher=Rosenberg Publishing|location=[Kenthurst, N.S.W.]|isbn=9781877058844|page=116|edition=3rd|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gzgsXMXxAd0C&q=Calothamnus+torulosus&pg=PA116|accessdate=6 August 2015}}
The flowers are in dense clusters, usually partly hidden by the foliage and have 4 sepals, 4 petals and 4 claw-like bundles of stamens about {{convert|25|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long. Flowering occurs between July and January. Flowering is followed by fruits which are woody capsules which have two prominent, curved lobes.{{FloraBase|name = ''Calothamnus pinifolius’'|id = 5423}}
File:Calothamnus pinifolius.jpg ]]
Taxonomy and naming
Calothamnus pinifolius was first formally described in 1863 by Victorian Government botanist Ferdinand von Mueller in the third volume of Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae.{{cite web|title=Calothamnus pinifolius|url=https://biodiversity.org.au/boa/instance/apni/527490|publisher=APNI|accessdate=6 August 2015}}{{cite book|last1=von Mueller|first1=Ferdinand|title=Fragmenta phytographiae Australiae (Volume 3)|date=1863|location=Melbourne|pages=153–154|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/7220#page/163/mode/1up|accessdate=2 May 2016}} (In 2014 Lyndley Craven, Edwards and Cowley proposed that the species be renamed Melaleuca peucophylla.){{cite journal|last1=Craven|first1=Lyn A.|last2=Edwards|first2=Robert D.|last3=Cowley|first3=Kirsten J.|title=New combinations and names in Melaleuca (Myrtaceae)|journal=Taxon|date=30 June 2014|volume=63|issue=3|page=667|doi=10.12705/633.38|doi-access=free}} The specific epithet (pinifolius) is from the Latin words pinus meaning "pine"{{cite book|last1=Brown|first1=Roland Wilbur|title=The Composition of Scientific Words|date=1956|publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press|location=Washington, D.C.}}{{rp|609}} and folium meaning "leaf".{{rp|466}}
Distribution and habitat
Calothamnus pinifolius occurs in the Mount Barren Range in the Esperance Plains biogeographic region. It grows on slopes in dense scrub in rocky soils derived from laterite and quartzite.
References
{{Reflist|30em}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q5023871}}
Category:Myrtales of Australia
Category:Rosids of Western Australia
Category:Plants described in 1863