Calvera (X-ray source)

{{short description|X-ray source star in the constellation Ursa Minor}}

{{Other uses|Calvera (disambiguation)}}

{{Starbox begin

| name = Calvera

}}

{{Starbox observe

| epoch = J2000.0

| equinox = J2000.0 (ICRS)

| constell = Ursa Minor

| ra = {{RA|14|12|55.867}}

| dec = {{DEC|+79|22|03.895}}

}}

{{Starbox character

| type = Neutron star

}}

{{Starbox astrometry

| prop_mo_ra = 78.1{{cite journal|doi=10.3847/1538-4357/ad8cd6|doi-access=free |title=The Proper Motion of the High Galactic Latitude Pulsar Calvera |date=2024 |last1=Rigoselli |first1=M. |last2=Mereghetti |first2=S. |last3=Halpern |first3=J. P. |last4=Gotthelf |first4=E. V. |last5=Bassa |first5=C. G. |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=976 |issue=2 |page=228 |arxiv=2410.21828 |bibcode=2024ApJ...976..228R }}

| prop_mo_dec = 8.0

| dist_pc = ≤2000

}}

{{Starbox detail

| source =

| rotation = 59.199071070 ms

| age = 285,000

}}

{{Starbox catalog

| names = PSR J1412+7922, RX J1412.9+7922, 1RXS J141256.0+792204

}}

{{Starbox reference

| Simbad = RX+J1412.9%2B7922

}}

{{Starbox end}}

In astronomy, Calvera (also known as 1RXS J141256.0+792204In the ROSAT All-Sky Survey Bright Source Catalog (RASS/BSC).) is an X-ray source in the constellation Ursa Minor, identified in 2007 as an isolated neutron star.{{cite news |date=August 20, 2007 |title=Rare dead star found near Earth |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/6955769.stm |url-status=live |accessdate=August 21, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140713133234/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/6955769.stm |archive-date=July 13, 2014}}{{Cite journal |last1=Rutledge |first1=R. E. |last2=Fox |first2=D. B. |last3=Shevchuk |first3=A. H. |date=2008-01-01 |title=Discovery of an Isolated Compact Object at High Galactic Latitude |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=672 |issue=2 |pages=1137–1143 |doi=10.1086/522667 |bibcode=2008ApJ...672.1137R |issn=0004-637X|doi-access=free |arxiv=0705.1011 }} It is one of the hottest{{Cite journal |last1=Shevchuk |first1=Andrew S. H. |last2=Fox |first2=Derek B. |last3=Rutledge |first3=Robert E. |date=2009-11-01 |title=Chandra Observations of 1RXS J141256.0+792204 (Calvera) |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=705 |issue=1 |pages=391–397 |doi=10.1088/0004-637X/705/1/391 |issn=0004-637X|arxiv=0907.4352 |bibcode=2009ApJ...705..391S |s2cid=10807335 }} and closest of its kind to Earth.{{cite journal |author1=Rutledge, Robert |author2=Fox, Derek |author3=Shevchuk, Andrew |year=2008 |title=Discovery of an Isolated Compact Object at High Galactic Latitude |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=672 |issue=2 |pages=1137–43 |arxiv=0705.1011 |bibcode=2008ApJ...672.1137R |doi=10.1086/522667 |s2cid=7915388}}

It is named after the villain in the 1960 film The Magnificent Seven, as it is the eighth such neutron star known within 500 parsecs of Earth, and the seven previously discovered isolated neutron stars are called 'The Magnificent Seven'.

There is a ring of radio emission almost a degree in diameter, offset about 4′.9 from Calvera itself;{{cite journal|doi=10.1051/0004-6361/202244369|title=Possible discovery of Calvera's supernova remnant |year=2022 |last1=Arias |first1=M. |last2=Botteon |first2=A. |last3=Bassa |first3=C. G. |last4=Van Der Jagt |first4=S. |last5=Van Weeren |first5=R. J. |last6=o'Sullivan |first6=S. P. |last7=Bosschaart |first7=Q. |last8=Dullaart |first8=R. S. |last9=Hardcastle |first9=M. J. |last10=Hessels |first10=J. W. T. |last11=Shimwell |first11=T. |last12=Slob |first12=M. M. |last13=Sturm |first13=J. A. |last14=Tasse |first14=C. |last15=Theijssen |first15=N. C. M. A. |last16=Vink |first16=J. |journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics |volume=667 |pages=A71 |arxiv=2207.14141 |bibcode=2022A&A...667A..71A |s2cid=251135361 }} it is very likely its supernova remnant.