Cambarus bartonii

{{Short description|Species of crayfish}}

{{Speciesbox

| status = LC

| image = Cambarus bartonii 08-01-20 0799 (50190193252).jpg

| status_system = IUCN3.1

| status_ref={{cite iucn |author=Cordeiro, J. |author2=Hamr, P. |author3=Skelton, C. |author4=Thoma, R.F. |name-list-style=amp|year=2010 |title=Cambarus bartonii |page=e.T153748A4540162 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-3.RLTS.T153748A4540162.en |access-date=20 November 2021}}

| status2 = G5

| status2_system = TNC

| status2_ref =

| genus = Cambarus

| species = bartonii

| authority = (Fabricius, 1798)

| synonyms_ref =  {{cite web |url=http://iz.carnegiemnh.org/crayfish/NewAstacidea/species.asp?g=Cambarus&s=bartonii&ssp=bartonii |title=Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii bartonii (Fabricius, 1798) |work=Crayfish Taxon Browser |author=James W. Fetzner Jr. |publisher=Carnegie Museum of Natural History |date=December 6, 2006 |access-date=August 20, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927015804/http://iz.carnegiemnh.org/crayfish/NewAstacidea/species.asp?g=Cambarus&s=bartonii&ssp=bartonii |archive-date=September 27, 2007 |url-status=dead }}

| synonyms =

• Astacus bartonii
• Astacus ciliaris (Rafinesque, 1817)
• Astacus pusillus (Rafinesque, 1817)
• Cambarus montanus (Girard, 1852)
• Cambarus pusillus (Girard, 1852)

}}

Cambarus bartonii is a species of crayfish native to eastern North America, where it is called the common crayfish or Appalachian brook crayfish.{{cite web |url=https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.872128/Cambarus_bartonii |title=Cambarus bartonii |website=NatureServe Explorer |version=7.1 |accessdate=August 20, 2007}}

Cambarus bartonii was the first crayfish to be described from North America, when Johan Christian Fabricius published it under the name Astacus bartonii in his 1798 work Supplementum entomologiae systematicae.{{cite journal |author=Horton H. Hobbs Jr. |author-link=Horton H. Hobbs Jr. |year=1942 |title=A generic revision of the crayfishes of the subfamily Cambarinae (Decapoda, Astacidae) with the description of a new genus and species |journal=American Midland Naturalist |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=334–357 |doi=10.2307/2420820 |jstor=2420820 |publisher=The University of Notre Dame}} The locality where his specimen was captured is not known, but is thought to be near Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Cambarus bartonii lives in fast–flowing, cool, rocky streams as well as shallow lakes,{{cite web |url=http://www.science.mcmaster.ca/Biology/Harbour/SPECIES/CRAYFISH/CRAYFISH.HTM |title=The Crayfish |publisher=McMaster University |author=Simone Rose |accessdate=August 20, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070706233659/http://www.science.mcmaster.ca/Biology/Harbour/SPECIES/CRAYFISH/CRAYFISH.HTM |archive-date=July 6, 2007 |url-status=dead }} and is found in the Canadian provinces of Ontario, Quebec and New Brunswick, and in the United States from Maine to Alabama. In the south of its range, C. bartonii is restricted to the Appalachian Mountains and their foothills.

Colouration is usually plain dark brown, although mottling is occasionally seen, as is a saddle-shaped marking.{{cite web|url=http://www.ncwildlife.org/pg07_wildlifespeciescon/nccrayfishes/c_bartonii/c_bartonii.html |title=Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii (Fabricius 1798) |author=Aimee H. Fullerton |work=The Crayfishes of North Carolina |accessdate=August 20, 2007 |publisher=North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928005321/http://www.ncwildlife.org/pg07_wildlifespeciescon/nccrayfishes/c_bartonii/c_bartonii.html |archivedate=September 28, 2007 |url-status=dead }}

Several subspecies of C. bartonii have been recognised, but it is unclear how advisable this is, and work is ongoing to determine patterns of infraspecific variation.{{cite web |url=http://www.tolweb.org/Cambarus_(Cambarus)_bartonii_carinirostris/6823 |title=Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii carinirostris Hay 1914 |work=Tree of Life Web Project |date=January 1, 2001 |author-link1=Keith A. Crandall|author=Keith A. Crandall |author2=James W. Fetzner Jr. |author3=Horton H. Hobbs Jr. |author3-link=Horton H. Hobbs Jr. |name-list-style=amp}}

Cambarus bartonii is included as a species of Least Concern on the IUCN Red List.