Camirus
{{Short description|Ancient Rhodian city}}
{{About|the ancient city of Rhodes|the town of ancient Crete, Greece|Camirus (Crete)|the genus of shield-backed bugs in the family Scutelleridae|Camirus (bug)}}
{{Redirect|Kameiros|the modern municipality|Kameiros (municipality)}}
File:Warrior head vases Ashmolean, Camirus, Rhodes, 590-575 BC.jpg
Camirus or Kamiros ({{langx|grc|Κάμιρος}}; {{IPAc-en|k|ə|ˈ|m|aɪər|ə|s}}) or Cameirus or Kameiros (Κάμειρος) was a city of ancient Rhodes, in the Dodecanese, Greece. Its site is on the northwest coast of the island, {{convert|3|km}} west of the modern village of Kalavarda.
History
The ancient city was built on three levels. At the top of the hill was the acropolis, with the temple complex of Athena Kameiras and the stoa. A covered reservoir having a capacity of 600 cubic meters of water—enough for up to 400 families—was constructed about the sixth century BC. Later, the stoa was built over the reservoir. The stoa consisted of two rows of Doric columns with rooms for shops or lodgings in the rear.
The main settlement was on the middle terrace, consisting of a grid of parallel streets and residential blocks. On the lower terrace are found a Doric temple, probably to Apollo; the Fountain House, with the Agora in front of it; and Peribolos of the Altars, which contained dedications to various deities.
During the prehistoric period the area was inhabited by Mycenaean Greeks. The city itself was founded by the Dorians. The temple foundations were begun at least as early as the eighth century BC. The earthquake of 226 BC destroyed the city and the temple. The earthquake of 142 AD destroyed the city for the second time.P.H.Davies, Rhodes (Globetrotter Travel Guide, 2006), pages 57-58.
The Acropolis was excavated by Alfred Biliotti and Auguste Salzmann between 1859 and 1864. Many of the finds from their digs are now kept in the British Museum in London.[https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/search?place=Kamiros British Museum Collection] In 1928 the Italian Archaeological School began a systematic excavation of the area together with restoration work which continued until the end of the Second World War.
Gallery
File:Rhodes Kameiros tango7174.jpg|Panoramic view
File:Kameiros - Fountain square 03.jpg|Fountain Square
File:Kameiros - Staircase.jpg|Staircase
File:Hierothyteion 01.jpg|The Hierothyteion
File:Kameiros - Main street 02.jpg|Main street
File:Camiros Kameiros ruins detail.jpg|Houses of the Hellenistic period
File:Ancient Kamiros, Baths.jpg|Baths of the city
Notable people
- Peisander (7th century BC), epic poet
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{Commons category}}
- [http://lespierresquiparlent.free.fr/camiros-premiere.html Présentation de Camiros] by Claire Tuan (French text and photographs)
- [https://discover-rhodes.com/explore/places-to-visit/ancient-kamiros/ Ancient Kamiros] on Discover Rhodes
{{Landmarks of Rhodes}}
{{coord|36|20|9|N|27|55|17|E|type:landmark_region:GR_dim:540|display=title}}
{{Authority control}}
Category:Destroyed populated places
Category:Ancient Greek archaeological sites in Greece
Category:Populated places in the ancient Aegean islands
Category:Archaeological sites on Rhodes
Category:Former populated places in Greece
Category:Members of the Delian League
{{AncientAegean-geo-stub}}