Campo da Feira
{{Short description|Square in Guimarães, Portugal}}
{{Infobox urban feature
| name = República do Brasil Square
| native_name = Largo da República do Brasil
| native_name_lang = pt
| place_type = Square
| other_names = Campo da Feira
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| image_place = Guimarães34.jpg
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| image_caption = The Campo da Feira in 2007, the Santos Passos Church is behind the photographer.
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| location = Guimarães, Portugal
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| coordinates = {{Coord|41.44157|-8.29068|display=inline, title}}
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The Largo da República do Brasil, popularly known as Campo da Feira, is the largest and one of the most important squares in Guimarães, Portugal. It has many of the city's landmarks such as the Santos Passos Church, the S. Francisco Comercial Center and the old Colégio de Nossa Senhora da Conceição.
Description
In the south of the Campo da Feira is located the main attraction of the square, the Santos Passos Church, and opposite to it are the streets that lead to the Oliveira Square and the Medieval Walls and the Nossa Senhora da Guia Chapel and respective oratory. These are separated by three rectangular gardens filled with flowers and bushes that are changed periodically to match the current season.{{Cite web |last= |date=21 November 2022 |title=7 500 pés de "amores-perfeitos" enchem de cor o jardim do Largo República do Brasil |url=https://www.guimaraesdigital.pt/index.php/informacao/sociedade/77444-7-500-pes-de-amores-perfeitos-enchem-de-cor-o-jardim-do-largo-republica-do-brasil |access-date=6 July 2024 |website=GUIMARAESDIGITAL.COM |language=pt}}
These gardens are surrounded by Portuguese pavement and subsequently by roads. The garden farthest from the church, previously a roundabout,{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=21 November 2011 |title=Obras no Largo República do Brasil alargam jardim |url=https://www.guimaraesdigital.pt/index.php/informacao/sociedade/23912-46379 |access-date=6 July 2024 |website=GUIMARAESDIGITAL.COM |language=pt}} features a stone fountain at its front and the garden closest to the church features four granite statues, one at each corner, with the two statues farthest from the church having small fountains incorporated in their pedestal.{{Cite web |title=Esculturas "Santos" |url=https://em.guimaraes.pt/visitas/geo_evento/esculturas-santos |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706200703/https://em.guimaraes.pt/visitas/geo_evento/esculturas-santos |archive-date=6 July 2024 |access-date=6 July 2024 |website=em.guimaraes.pt}}
These statues were previously located next to the Santos Passos Church, on the columns of the staircase leading up to it. The statues represent the four saints who wrote the epistles, St. Paul, St. Peter, St. James and St. Jude. The gardens, officially called Jardins do Largo da República do Brasil, received the national award for good practices in local administration in 2008.{{Cite web |title=Jardins do Largo da República do Brasil |url=https://www.cm-guimaraes.pt/cmguimaraes/uploads/document/file/3953/18642.pdf |access-date=6 July 2024 |website=www.cm-guimaraes.pt}}
Landmarks
=Church=
The Santos Passos Church is an 18th-century Portuguese baroque Catholic. It was constructed to replace a chapel that previously occupied the same site. It received the “protected landmark” status by the Portuguese government in 1993.{{Cite journal |date=30 November 1993 |title=Diário da República - I Série-B |url=https://files.dre.pt/1s/1993/11/280b00/66986702.pdf |url-status=live |journal=Diário da República |language=pt |pages=2 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240708175919/https://files.dre.pt/1s/1993/11/280b00/66986702.pdf |archive-date=8 July 2024 |access-date=22 March 2024}}{{Cite web |title=Igreja de N. Sra. da Consolação e Santos Passos |url=https://www.cm-guimaraes.pt/monumentos/poi/igreja-de-n-sra-da-consolacao-e-santos-passos |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240702114210/https://www.cm-guimaraes.pt/monumentos/poi/igreja-de-n-sra-da-consolacao-e-santos-passos |archive-date=2 July 2024 |access-date=2 July 2024 |website=www.cm-guimaraes.pt |language=pt}} It is also located within the Historic Centre of Guimarães area, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, since 2001.{{Cite web |last=Centre |first=UNESCO World Heritage |title=Historic Centre of Guimarães |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1031 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240127035408/https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1031 |archive-date=27 January 2024 |access-date=22 March 2024 |website=whc.unesco.org |language=en}} The church plays a significant role in many of the festivities and religious celebrations of Guimarães, such as the Pinheiro.
=Theatre=
The square was home of the Vila Pouca Theatre, located on the right side of the Campo da Feira.{{Cite book |last=Caldas |first=Antonio José Ferreira |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CHkuEwRLoiYC&dq=Campo+da+Feira+Guimar%C3%A3es&pg=PA1 |title=Guimarães: apontamentos para a sua historia |date=1881 |publisher=Typ. de A. J. da Silva Teixeira |pages=153–156 |language=pt}} After the Count of Vila Pouca Theatre was purposely burned down on the night of 18 January 1841, the Afonso Henriques Theatre was built on the northwest part of the square in 1853, to replace it. It was inaugurated in 1855{{Cite book |last=Sousa Bastos |first=Antonio |url=http://archive.org/details/diccionariodothe00sousuoft |title=Diccionario do theatro portuguez |date=1908 |publisher=Lisboa Imprensa Libanio da Silva |others=Robarts - University of Toronto |pages=331 |language=pt}} but due to its poor state and decaying structure it was demolished in the 1940s,{{Cite web |title= |url=https://www.csarmento.uminho.pt/site/files/original/f603d3bea6a731bd58d0992817c15c667b8a232c.pdf}} being replaced by the Jordão Theatre, built in 1937 and inaugurated in 1938 at the Afonso Henriques Avenue.{{Cite web |last=Dias |first=Rui |date=2021-10-28 |title=Guimarães: Teatro Jordão como ele era antes de ganhar nova vida em exposição |url=https://ominho.pt/guimaraes-teatro-jordao-como-ele-era-antes-de-ganhar-nova-vida-em-exposicao/ |access-date=2023-11-01 |website=O Minho |language=pt-PT}}{{Cite journal |last=Cunha |first=Paulo |title=Espaços de exibição de cinema em Guimarães: o caso do Cine-Teatro Municipal 1935 (2013) |url=https://www.academia.edu/5854635}}