Camptodactyly

The specific cause of camptodactyly remains unknown, but there are a few deficiencies that lead to the condition. A deficient lumbrical muscle controlling the flexion of the fingers, and abnormalities of the flexor and extensor tendons.{{cite book|last=Kozin|first=Scott H.|url=http://www.msdlatinamerica.com/ebooks/HandSurgery/sid1015056.html#R2-87|title=Hand Surgery|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|year=2004|edition=1st|access-date=2013-12-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150101191852/http://www.msdlatinamerica.com/ebooks/HandSurgery/sid1015056.html#R2-87|archive-date=2015-01-01|url-status=dead}}

A number of congenital syndromes may also cause camptodactyly:

• Jacobsen syndrome
• Beals syndrome{{Cite journal|last1=Callewaert|first1=Bert L.|last2=Loeys|first2=Bart L.|last3=Ficcadenti|first3=Anna|last4=Vermeer|first4=Sascha|last5=Landgren|first5=Magnus|last6=Kroes|first6=Hester Y.|last7=Yaron|first7=Yuval|last8=Pope|first8=Michael|last9=Foulds|first9=Nicola|last10=Boute|first10=Odile|last11=Galán|first11=Francisco|display-authors=3|date=March 2009|title=Comprehensive clinical and molecular assessment of 32 probands with congenital contractural arachnodactyly: Report of 14 novel mutations and review of the literature|journal=Human Mutation|volume=30|issue=3|pages=334–41|doi=10.1002/humu.20854|pmid=19006240|first13=Nathalie|first18=Julie|last12=Kingston|first12=Helen|first20=Anne M.|last20=De Paepe|first19=Paul J.|last19=Coucke|last18=De Backer|last14=Salcedo|first17=Orazio|last17=Gabrielli|first16=Carina|last13=Van Der Aa|first15=Marielle E.|last15=Swinkels|first14=Iratxe|last16=Wallgren-Pettersson|s2cid=25975581|doi-access=free}}
• Blau syndrome
• Freeman–Sheldon syndrome
• Cerebrohepatorenal syndrome
• Weaver syndrome
• Christianson syndrome
• Gordon syndrome
• Jaccoud arthropathy
• Lenz microphthalmia syndrome
• Marshall–Smith–Weaver syndrome
• Oculo-dento-digital syndrome
• Tel Hashomer camptodactyly syndrome
• Toriello–Carey syndrome
• Trisomy 13
• Stuve–Wiedemann syndrome
• Loeys–Dietz syndrome
• Fetal alcohol syndrome
• Fryns syndrome{{cite journal|last1=Young|first=I. D.|last2=Simpson|first2=K.|last3=Winter|first3=R. M.|date=February 1986|title=A case of Fryns syndrome|journal=Journal of Medical Genetics|volume=23|issue=1|pages=82–88|doi=10.1136/jmg.23.1.82|pmc=1049547|pmid=3950939|doi-access=free}}
• Marfan syndrome{{cite journal |last1=Işik |first1=Metin |last2=Doğan |first2=İsmail |last3=Kilinç |first3=Levent |last4=Çalgüneri̇ |first4=Meral |title=Familial Peripheric Polyneuropathy Plus Camptodactyly; Three Sisters |journal=Türkiye Fiziksel Tıp ve Rehabilitasyon Dergisi |date=15 March 2012 |volume=58 |issue=1 |pages=72–74 |doi=10.4274/tftr.55477 |doi-access=free }}
• Carnio-carpo-tarsal dystrophy

File:Expressivity pedigree.png

The pattern of inheritance is determined by the phenotypic expression of a gene—which is called expressivity.{{cite book|last=Cummings|first=Michael R.|url=https://archive.org/details/humanhereditypri00cumm_534|title=Human Heredity: Principles and Issues|publisher=Cengage Learning|year=2011|isbn=978-0538498821|edition=Ninth|pages=87, 88|lccn=2010922222|url-access=limited}} Camptodactyly can be passed on through generations in various levels of phenotypic expression, which include both or only one hand. This means that the genetic expressivity is incomplete. It can be inherited from either parent.

In most of its cases, camptodactyly occurs sporadically, but it has been found in several studies that it is inherited as an autosomal dominant condition.

File:Splint used to treat camptodactyly.jpg

If a contracture is less than 30 degrees, it may not interfere with normal functioning. The common treatment is splinting and occupational therapy.{{Cite web|url=http://www.childrenshospital.org/conditions-and-treatments/conditions/c/camptodactyly/treatments|title=Camptodactyly Treatments|date=2013|website=Boston Children's Hospital|language=en|access-date=2017-09-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170905093911/http://www.childrenshospital.org/conditions-and-treatments/conditions/c/camptodactyly/treatments|archive-date=2017-09-05|url-status=dead}} Surgery is the last option for most cases as the result may not be satisfactory.{{Cite web|last=Goldfarb|first=Charles|date=2012-03-27|title=Congenital Hand and Arm Differences|url=http://congenitalhand.wustl.edu/2012/03/camptodactyly.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200815181556/http://congenitalhand.wustl.edu/2012/03/camptodactyly.html|archive-date=2020-08-15|access-date=2017-09-05|publisher=Washington University in St. Louis}}

The name is derived from the ancient Greek words καμπτός, kamptos (bent) and δάκτυλος, daktylos (finger).

{{Portal|Medicine}}

• Clinodactyly

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{{Reflist}}

• {{Commons category-inline|2=camptodactyly}}
• {{Wiktionary-inline|camptodactyly}}

{{Medical resources

| DiseasesDB = 30760

| ICD10 = {{ICD10|Q|68|1|q|68}}

| ICD9 = {{ICD9|755.59}}

| ICDO =

| OMIM = 114200

| MedlinePlus =

| eMedicineSubj =

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Category:Congenital disorders

Category:Fingers