Cardiff, Ontario
File:Highlands East ON.JPG{{Short description|Community in Ontario, Canada}}
Cardiff is a community in Highlands East, Ontario. It was incorporated in 1862, and became a uranium mining town during the late 1950s.
Location and nomenclature
Cardiff is located on Highway 118 between the towns of Bancroft and Haliburton. The entrance to the townsite, off of Highway 118, is marked by a large metal sculpture of a dragonfly.
Cardiff was named after the Welsh city of the same name.Armstrong, G. H. (2022). The Origin and Meaning of Place Names in Canada. Czechia: DigiCat.
History
File:Bicroft Uranium Mine, 1956.png
Cardiff is located in the geological area of the Grenville Province and has a unique combination of underground minerals.{{cite journal |last1=Emproto |first1=Christopher |last2=Alvarez |first2=Austin |last3=Anderkin |first3=Christian |last4=Rakovan |first4=John |date=7 March 2020 |title=The Crystallinity of Apatite in Contact with Metamict Pyrochlore from the Silver Crater Mine, ON, Canada |journal=Minerals |volume=10 |issue=3 |pages=244 |bibcode=2020Mine...10..244E |doi=10.3390/min10030244 |doi-access=free}}
Cardiff opened in 1862, and was one of nine townships purchased by the Canadian Land and Emigration Company.Jesse E. Middleton, The Province of Ontario: a History: 1615-1927, 1927 Early settlers included Mr Armstrong, Mr George Patterson, and Mr Joseph Dunlop.Mulvany, C. P., Ryan, C. M. (1884). History of the County of Peterborough, Ontario: Containing a History of the County; History of Haliburton County; Their Townships, Towns, Schools, Churches, Etc.; General and Local Statistics; Biographical Sketches; and an Outline History of the Dominion of Canada, Etc., Etc. Canada: C. Blackett Robinson. Larger numbers of British settlers arrived in 1870, with the population reaching 31 in 1873, and 137 by 1883.
In what was then known as the Basin Deposit or Basic Occurrence, mineral hunters have been travelling to the area that is now Cardiff in search of mica, phosphate, and feldspar to Cardiff since the late 19th-century.{{cite journal |last1=Emproto |first1=Christopher |last2=Alvarez |first2=Austin |last3=Anderkin |first3=Christian |last4=Rakovan |first4=John |date=7 March 2020 |title=The Crystallinity of Apatite in Contact with Metamict Pyrochlore from the Silver Crater Mine, ON, Canada |journal=Minerals |volume=10 |issue=3 |pages=244 |bibcode=2020Mine...10..244E |doi=10.3390/min10030244 |doi-access=free}} The Basin Deposit later became the Silver Crater Mine in 1925, and production ramped up in 1927 until 1955.J. Satterly and D. F. Hewitt, [http://www.geologyontario.mndmf.gov.on.ca/mndmfiles/pub/data/imaging/S002/S002.pdf Some Radioactive Mineral Occurrence in the Bancroft Area], Province on Ontario, 1955
Uranium was first discovered in the area of Cardiff in 1922 by W. M. Richardson.{{Cite book |last=Reynolds |first=Nila |title=Bancroft. A Bonanza of Memories |publisher=Bancroft Centennial Committee |year=1979 |pages=192}} His find was first called "the Richardson deposit" and later "the Fission property,"{{Cite book |last1=Lang |first1=A. H. |url=https://emrlibrary.gov.yk.ca/gsc/economic_geology_series/16-1962/egs_16.pdf |title=Canadian Deposits of Uranium and Thorium |last2=Griffith |first2=J. W. |last3=Steacy |first3=H. R. |publisher=Geological Survey of Canada - Department of Mines and Technical Surveys |year=1962 |location=Yukon University |pages= |access-date=25 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211125031158/https://emrlibrary.gov.yk.ca/gsc/economic_geology_series/16-1962/egs_16.pdf |archive-date=25 November 2021 |url-status=live}}{{rp|175}} later the Fission Mine. Bicroft and Dyno were more successful uranium mines, operating from 1957 to 1963.{{Cite journal |last1=Parsons |first1=Michael B. |last2=Friske |first2=Peter W. B. |last3=Laidlow |first3=Allison M. |last4=Jamieson |first4=Heather E. |date=2014 |title=Abstract: Controls on Uranium, Rare Earth Element, and Radionuclide Mobility at the Decommissioned Bicroft Uranium Mine, Ontario |url=https://archives.datapages.com/data/atlantic-geology-journal/data/050/050001/pdfs/52a.htm |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |last=Voisin |first=Stella |date=28 July 2007 |title=Report on The Caring for Kids in Cardiff Research Project |url=http://fayandassociates.com/pdf/cardiff.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211124232751/http://fayandassociates.com/pdf/cardiff.pdf |archive-date=2021-11-24 |website=Fay And Associates}}
Facilities
Public facilities in Cardiff include the small Cardiff Elementary School,{{Cite web |title=Cardiff Elementary School |url=https://ces.tldsb.on.ca/ |access-date=2023-02-12 |website=Cardiff Elementary School |language=en}} a Royal Canadian Legion hall,{{Cite web |date=2022-11-30 |title=Home |url=https://www.highlandseast.ca/en/index.aspx |access-date=2023-02-12 |website=www.highlandseast.ca |language=en}} a Catholic church{{Cite web |title=Our lady of Lourdes (Cardiff), St. Mary's (Chandos), St. Jean Vianney (Highland Grove) - Diocese of Peterborough, Ontario |url=http://www.canxsys.com/lourdes/ |access-date=2023-02-12 |website=www.canxsys.com}} and a United church, an outdoor swimming pool,{{Cite web |date=2022-07-11 |title=Swimming and Swim Lessons |url=https://www.highlandseast.ca/en/explore-and-play/swimming-and-swim-lessons.aspx |access-date=2023-02-12 |website=www.highlandseast.ca |language=en}} a post office,{{Cite web |title=Canada Post - Find a Post Office - Results Detail - Print |url=https://www.canadapost-postescanada.ca/information/app/fpo/personal/findpostofficedetailprint?outletId=0000310778 |access-date=2023-02-12 |website=www.canadapost-postescanada.ca}} and a library.{{Cite web |title=Cardiff Branch |url=https://www.haliburtonlibrary.ca/About-Us/Branches-Hours/Cardiff-Branch |access-date=2023-02-12 |website=www.haliburtonlibrary.ca |language=en}}
References
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