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Carditidae

{{Short description|Family of bivalves}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| image = PZSL1852PlateMollusca17 clean.png

| image_caption = Shells of several Carditidae species

| taxon = Carditidae

| authority = Férussac, 1822

| subdivision_ranks = Subfamilies

| subdivision = See text

}}

Carditidae is a family of marine bivalve clams of the order Carditida, which was long included in the Venerida. They are the type taxon of the superfamily Carditoidea.

Carditidae is a neglected and poorly classified family.{{Cite journal|last1=Perna|first1=Rafael La|last2=Brunetti|first2=Mauro M.|last3=Bella|first3=Giano Della|date=2018-02-13|title=Systematic position of two Pliocene carditids with description of Akardita n. gen. and A. iberica n. sp. (Bivalvia: Carditidae)|url=https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.4379.2.4|journal=Zootaxa|volume=4379|issue=2|pages=223|doi=10.11646/zootaxa.4379.2.4|pmid=29689985|issn=1175-5334|url-access=subscription}} It has six subfamilies recognised by the World Register of Marine Species, but the WoRMS has refrained from assigning contents to any family due to ambiguity and overlap in their definitions.{{Cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=22997|title=WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Carditidae Férussac, 1822|website=www.marinespecies.org|access-date=2019-04-11}} Additionally, several genera have been or are still considered subgenera of other genera by some authors.

Genera

The genera of Carditidae recognised by the World Register of Marine Species {{As of|2019|April|df=|lc=y}} are:

Synonyms:

  • Arcturella Chavan, 1941 is a junior synonym of Arcturellina. It is not to be confused with Arcturella Sars, 1879, which is a junior synonym of the isopod genus Astacilla.
  • Azarella is a junior synonym of Beguina.
  • Agaria, Cardiocardites [sic] and Divergidens are junior synonyms of Cardiocardita.
  • Actinobolus Mörch, 1853 is a junior synonym of Cardites. It is not to be confused with the rhinoceros beetle genus Actinobolus Westwood, 1842.
  • Ceropsis Dall, 1871 is a junior synonym of Milneria. It should not be confused with the true weevil genus Ceropsis.
  • Miodon Carpenter, 1863 is a junior synonym of Miodontiscus. It should not be confused with Miodon Duméril, 1859, which is a junior synonym of the mole viper genus Polemon.

Notes:

  • In some classifications, Bathycardita is a subgenus of Cardiocardita.{{Cite web|url=https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=59338|title=Fossilworks: Cardiocardita (Bathycardita)|website=fossilworks.org|access-date=17 December 2021}}
  • In some classifications, Centrocardita is a subgenus of Glans.{{Cite web|url=https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=93504|title=Fossilworks: Glans (Centrocardita)|website=fossilworks.org|access-date=17 December 2021}}
  • In some classifications, Claibornicardia is a subgenus of either Glyptoactis or Venericardia.{{Cite web|url=http://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=17480&is_real_user=1|title=PBDB|website=Paleobiology Database|access-date=2019-04-11}}
  • In some classifications, Vimentum is a subgenus of Cyclocardia.{{Cite web|url=http://www.paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=101587&is_real_user=1|title=PBDB|website=www.paleobiodb.org|access-date=2019-04-11}}
  • In some classifications prior to the 2000s, Carditella was included in Carditidae, but it has since been moved to Condylocardiidae,{{Cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=196904|title=WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Carditella E. A. Smith, 1881|website=www.marinespecies.org|access-date=2019-04-11}} along with its former junior synonym/subgenus (now independent genus) Carditellona.{{Cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=492206|title=WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Carditellona Iredale, 1936|website=www.marinespecies.org|access-date=2019-04-11}}
  • Increasingly in several 2010s classifications, the subgenus Venericardia (†Baluchicardia) Rutsch and Schenck 1943{{Cite web|url=https://www.paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=17391&is_real_user=1|title=PBDB|website=www.paleobiodb.org|access-date=2019-04-11}} is considered an independent genus.{{Cite journal|last=Pérez|first=Damián Eduardo|date=2019-01-15|title=Phylogenetic relationships of the family Carditidae (Bivalvia: Archiheterodonta)|journal=Journal of Systematic Palaeontology|volume=17|issue=16|pages=1139–1175|doi=10.1080/14772019.2018.1532463|s2cid=92392950|issn=1477-2019|doi-access=free|bibcode=2019JSPal..17.1359P }}{{Cite journal|last1=Lockwood|first1=Rowan|last2=McClure|first2=Kate J.|date=May 2015|title=Relationships among Venericardia (Bivalvia: Carditidae) on the U.S. Coastal Plain during the Paleogene|journal=Journal of Paleontology|language=en|volume=89|issue=3|pages=2|doi=10.1017/jpa.2015.23|bibcode=2015JPal...89..522M |s2cid=4483535|issn=0022-3360}}{{Cite journal|last1=Pérez|first1=Damián E.|last2=del Río|first2=Claudia J.|date=November 2017|title=The family Carditidae (Bivalvia) in the early Danian of Patagonia (Argentina)|journal=Journal of Paleontology|language=en|volume=91|issue=6|pages=1148–1165|doi=10.1017/jpa.2017.69|issn=0022-3360|doi-access=free|bibcode=2017JPal...91.1148P |hdl=11336/48035|hdl-access=free}}

Subfamilies

= Chavan, 1969 =

The original six-subfamily system was first proposed by Chavan in 1969, contain the following genera (some of which are now synonyms or classified in other families):

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Carditamerinae Chavan, 1969

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Carditesinae Chavan, 1969

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Carditinae Férussac, 1822

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Miodomeridinae Chavan, 1969

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Thecaliinae Dall, 1903

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Venericardiinae Chavan, 1969

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= Perez, 2019 =

In 2019, D. E. Pérez proposed a seven-subfamily system for Carditidae.

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Carditamerinae

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Carditinae

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Miodomeridinae

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Palaeocarditinae Chavan, 1969

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Scalaricarditinae Pérez, 2019

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Thecaliinae

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Venericardiinae

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* = not yet recognised by the World Register of Marine Species.

In addition, Pérez proposed possible affiliations for the genera not included in his subfamilies:

In some classifications prior to the 2000s, Carditidae used to contain a seventh subfamily Carditellinae, until it was reallocated to Condylocardiidae.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nSrxAQAAQBAJ&q=Carditellinae&pg=PA12|title=A Catalogue of the Living Marine Bivalve Molluscs of China|last1=Bernard|first1=F. R.|last2=Cai|first2=Ying-Ya|last3=Morton|first3=Brian|date=1993-06-01|publisher=Hong Kong University Press|isbn=9789622093249|pages=12|language=en}}

References

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Category:Bivalve families

Category:Taxa named by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck

Category:Taxa described in 1822