Carl Giers

Giers was born in Bonn, and immigrated to the United States in 1845. He moved to Nashville in 1852, where he initially he worked as a conductor for the Nashville and Chattanooga Railroad (he reportedly piloted the first passenger train in Murfreesboro). In January 1855, he opened a daguerreotype studio at the corner of Deaderick and College streets that featured "powerful side and sky lights" and rooms "fitted up in elegant style," and catered to "the ladies particularly.""[http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85038518/1855-01-16/ed-1/seq-2/#date1=1853&sort=date&rows=20&words=DAGUERREOTYPES&searchType=basic&sequence=0&index=2&state=Tennessee&date2=1855&proxtext=DAGUERREOTYPES&y=17&x=6&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=7 Daguerreotypes! Daguerreotypes!]" Nashville Union and American, 16 January 1855, p. 2. Later that year, he exhibited his work at Nashville's Mechanics' Fair."[http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn86071224/1855-10-11/ed-1/seq-2/#date1=1844&sort=date&rows=20&words=C+Giers&searchType=basic&sequence=0&index=3&state=Tennessee&date2=1878&proxtext=%22c.+c.+giers%22&y=11&x=11&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1 The Mechanics' Fair]," Daily Nashville True Whig, 11 October 1855, p. 2. In 1859, Giers overhauled his studio and renamed it the "Southern Photographic Temple of Fine Arts." Along with daguerreotypes, the new studio offered ambrotypes and miniatures, and provided photographic enlargement services."[http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85033711/1859-07-12/ed-1/seq-4/#date1=1850&sort=date&date2=1890&words=M+SCHLEIER+T&searchType=basic&sequence=0&index=1&state=&rows=20&proxtext=t.m.+schleier&y=14&x=8&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1 Southern Photographic Temple of Fine Arts]," Nashville Patriot, 12 July 1859, p. 4.

File:Benjamin-Cheatham-by-giers.jpg, photographed by Giers c. 1860]]

During the Civil War, Giers photographed both Confederate and Union soldiers. After the Union Army occupied Nashville in early 1862, Giers was given a pass to move about freely in the city, and to travel outside the city. By October 1863, he had moved to a new gallery on Union Street, selling his old gallery to Thomas Farquar Saltsman."{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20100310025841/http://www.civicscope.org/nashville-tn/ThussKoelleinGiers Thuss, Koellein, and Giers]}}," Civic Scope, 13 January 2010. Retrieved: 18 July 2014. In late 1865, Giers became a founding member of the German Union Committee, which cooperated with the American Central Union Committee to "secure the election of competent and uncompromising Union men to the offices of the State.""[http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045586/1865-12-20/ed-1/seq-2/#date1=1844&sort=date&rows=20&words=C+Giers&searchType=basic&sequence=0&index=8&state=Tennessee&date2=1878&proxtext=%22c.+c.+giers%22&y=11&x=11&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=2 German Union Association]," Knoxville Whig and Rebel Ventilator, 20 December 1865, p. 2.

During the decade following the end of the war, Giers was a persistent advocate for immigration, and frequently encouraged state officials to advertise the state in Europe. He was a member of the inaugural Board of Directors of the Tennessee Colonial and Immigration Society in 1866,"[http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83025718/1866-06-08/ed-1/seq-3/#date1=1844&sort=date&rows=20&words=C+Giers&searchType=basic&sequence=0&index=10&state=Tennessee&date2=1878&proxtext=%22c.+c.+giers%22&y=11&x=11&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=2 Tennessee Colonial and Immigration Society]," Nashville Daily Union, 8 June 1866, p. 3. and served as President of the German Immigration Society during the same period.Charles Edwin Robert, [https://books.google.com/books?id=2PcsAAAAYAAJ&dq=%22c.+c.+giers%22&pg=PA342 Nashville and Her Trade for 1870] (Roberts and Purvis, 1870), p. 393, 406. In 1870, he helped convince thirty-eight German families to move to Tennessee."[http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85033699/1870-03-27/ed-1/seq-4/#date1=1844&sort=date&rows=20&words=C+Giers&searchType=basic&sequence=0&index=18&state=Tennessee&date2=1878&proxtext=%22c.+c.+giers%22&y=11&x=11&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=3 More German Immigration]," Nashville Union and American, 27 March 1870, p. 4. He was a frequent presence at Nashville German-American festivals and events during this period,"[http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85033699/1870-08-16/ed-1/seq-4/#date1=1844&sort=date&rows=20&words=C+Giers&searchType=basic&sequence=0&index=1&state=Tennessee&date2=1878&proxtext=%22c.+c.+giers%22&y=11&x=11&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=4 German Patriotic Aid Society]," Nashville Union and American, 16 August 1870, p. 4."[http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85033699/1871-04-04/ed-1/seq-1/#date1=1844&sort=date&rows=20&words=C+Giers&searchType=basic&sequence=0&index=6&state=Tennessee&date2=1878&proxtext=%22c.+c.+giers%22&y=11&x=11&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=4 The German Celebration]," Nashville Union and American, 4 April 1871, p. 1. and was "Worshipful Master" of the Masons' Germania Lodge.

File:Vanderbilt-main-building-by-giers.jpg

During the presidential campaign of 1872, Giers supported the Liberal Republican Party, which opposed the renomination of President Ulysses S. Grant. In March 1872, Giers signed a petition calling on state Republicans to send delegates to the Liberal Republican convention in Cincinnati."[http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85033699/1872-03-02/ed-1/seq-3/#date1=1844&sort=date&rows=20&words=C+Giers&searchType=basic&sequence=0&index=0&state=Tennessee&date2=1878&proxtext=%22c.+c.+giers%22&y=11&x=11&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=5 The Cincinnati Convention]," Nashville Union and American, 2 March 1872, p. 3. In June 1872, Giers presided over a Nashville German-American convention that endorsed Liberal Republican candidate Horace Greeley for president."[http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85033435/1872-06-01/ed-1/seq-2/#date1=1844&sort=date&rows=20&words=C+Giers&searchType=basic&sequence=0&index=5&state=Tennessee&date2=1878&proxtext=%22c.+c.+giers%22&y=11&x=11&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=5 Nashville]," Jackson (TN) Whig and Tribune, 1 June 1872, p. 2.

In September 1874, Nashville Democrats nominated Giers for one of Davidson County's four seats in the Tennessee House of Representatives."[http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85033699/1874-09-08/ed-1/seq-1/#date1=1844&sort=date&rows=20&words=C+Giers&searchType=basic&sequence=0&index=13&state=Tennessee&date2=1878&proxtext=%22c.+c.+giers%22&y=11&x=11&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=9 Our County Legislative Ticket]," Nashville Union and American, 8 September 1874, p. 1. Shortly afterward, the city's Republicans also endorsed Giers, and he was easily elected in November."[http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85033699/1874-10-28/ed-1/seq-3/#date1=1844&sort=date&rows=20&words=C+Giers&searchType=basic&sequence=0&index=14&state=Tennessee&date2=1878&proxtext=%22c.+c.+giers%22&y=11&x=11&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=10 The November Elections]," Nashville Union and American, 28 October 1874, p. 3. Giers opposed repudiation of the state's out-of-control debt (the state debt was becoming one of the most contentious issues in Tennessee politics), and argued in favor of reorganizing the state bureaucracy to eliminate unnecessary offices. He continued to champion immigration, and called for the state to appoint a commissioner to advertise Tennessee in Europe. He also opposed the controversial convict lease system."[http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85033699/1874-10-10/ed-1/seq-3/ The Legislative Canvass: Address of C.C. Giers to the Citizens of Davidson County]," Nashville Union and American, 10 October 1874, p. 3. He served only one term (39th General Assembly), and did not seek reelection.[https://books.google.com/books?id=2NEGAQAAIAAJ&q=giers&pg=PA232 Tennessee Blue Book] (1890), p.

Giers died at his home on Granny White Pike on the outskirts of Nashville on May 24, 1877, "after a long and painful illness." He is buried in Nashville's Mount Olivet Cemetery. His family sold his studio to photographer W.E. Armstrong."[http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn86053406/1877-07-20/ed-1/seq-3/#date1=1844&sort=date&rows=20&words=C+Giers&searchType=basic&sequence=0&index=4&state=Tennessee&date2=1878&proxtext=%22c.+c.+giers%22&y=11&x=11&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=13 Change in the Photographic Business]," Columbia (TN) Herald and Mail, 20 July 1877, p. 3. Giers' adopted son, Otto Giers (1858–1940), took up photography in 1883, and continued the trade into the early 20th century.

File:Betty-jackson-by-giers.jpg

Giers initially worked with daguerreotypes, but was offering ambrotypes and miniatures by the end of the 1850s. During and after the Civil War, he specialized in carte de visite, a popular type of portraiture at the time. He offered colored photographs (manually colored with oil and ink) as early as 1864."[http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85033699/1874-10-11/ed-1/seq-4/#date1=1844&sort=date&rows=20&words=C+Giers&searchType=basic&sequence=0&index=9&state=Tennessee&date2=1878&proxtext=%22c.+c.+giers%22&y=11&x=11&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=10 To My Patrons]," Nashville Union and American, 11 October 1874, p. 4. In 1871, he advertised miniature photographs that fit on the faces of watches."[http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85033699/1871-05-18/ed-1/seq-3/#date1=1844&sort=date&rows=20&words=C+Giers&searchType=basic&sequence=0&index=11&state=Tennessee&date2=1878&proxtext=%22c.+c.+giers%22&y=11&x=11&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=4 Little Gems of Photography]," Nashville Union and American, 18 May 1871, p. 3. Giers made frequent trips to the eastern United States, where he acquainted himself with the latest photographic techniques."[http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83025718/1864-06-19/ed-1/seq-3/#date1=1844&sort=date&rows=20&words=C+Giers&searchType=basic&sequence=0&index=6&state=Tennessee&date2=1878&proxtext=%22c.+c.+giers%22&y=11&x=11&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=2 Charms! Tokens! Charms!]" Nashville Daily Union, 19 June 1864, p. 3."[http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85038521/1868-08-16/ed-1/seq-3/#date1=1844&sort=date&rows=20&words=C+Giers&searchType=basic&sequence=0&index=1&state=Tennessee&date2=1878&proxtext=%22c.+c.+giers%22&y=11&x=11&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=3 Fine Arts in Nashville]," Nashville Union and American, 16 August 1868, p. 3."[http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85033699/1871-10-15/ed-1/seq-4/#date1=1844&sort=date&rows=20&words=C+Giers&searchType=basic&sequence=0&index=17&state=Tennessee&date2=1878&proxtext=%22c.+c.+giers%22&y=11&x=11&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=4 City Notices]," Nashville Union and American, 15 October 1871, p. 4.

Giers' studio, located at 43-45 Union Street in Nashville, was described by the local newspaper as a "mammoth art gallery" and one of the city's key tourist attractions in the early 1870s. The studio featured a large exhibition gallery with an elaborate display window facing Union Street. A sitting room and dressing rooms for men and women were located toward the back of the building on the first floor. Operators' rooms were located on the second floor."[http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85033699/1872-03-29/ed-1/seq-4/#date1=1844&sort=date&rows=20&words=C+Giers&searchType=basic&sequence=0&index=2&state=Tennessee&date2=1878&proxtext=%22c.+c.+giers%22&y=11&x=11&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=5 Facts and Fancies]," Nashville Union and American, 29 March 1872, p. 4. Giers kept a negative of each photograph, and provided patrons with a unique number that would allow them to easily order a duplicate at any time.

At its height, Giers' studio employed over two dozen artists, assistants, and other workers."[http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85033699/1873-08-02/ed-1/seq-4/#date1=1844&sort=date&rows=20&words=C+Giers&searchType=basic&sequence=0&index=5&state=Tennessee&date2=1878&proxtext=%22c.+c.+giers%22&y=11&x=11&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=6 Colonel Lee Crandall]," Nashville Union and American, 2 August 1873, p. 4. Artists and photographers who worked at Giers studio at various times included T. M. Schleier, Andrew Bulot, and Charles A. Paret. Paret, who joined the studio in the mid-1860s, colored many of the photos produced by the studio. Colonel Lee Crandall (1832–1926), a former officer in the Confederate Army, managed the studio when Giers was away on trips.

Prominent individuals photographed by Giers included presidents Andrew Johnson and Ulysses S. Grant, former First Lady Sarah Childress Polk, governors Isham G. Harris, William G. Brownlow, and John C. Brown, and numerous railroad executives and other business officials. During his term in the Tennessee House of Representatives, he created portraits of each member of the state legislature. Giers photographed both Confederate and Union generals during the Civil War, including Benjamin F. Cheatham, Felix K. Zollicoffer, John Hunt Morgan, Joseph F. Knipe, George Henry Thomas, and Thomas H. Ruger. Other prominent individuals photographed by Giers included outlaw Jesse James, whiskey dealer George A. Dickel, abolitionist Frederick Douglass,Ginger Hill, "[https://books.google.com/books?id=teHcibtMYBUC&dq=%22charles+c.+giers%22+photograph&pg=PA75 'Rightly Viewed': Theorizations of Self in Frederick Douglass's Lectures on Pictures]," Pictures and Progress: Early Photography and the Making of African American Identity (Duke University Press, 2012), p. 75n. and several former slaves of Andrew Jackson.George Zepp, "[http://archive.tennessean.com/article/20061115/COLUMNIST0102/611150393/Photographer-Giers-recorded-Nashville-s-growth Photographer Giers Recorded Nashville's Growth] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729065753/http://archive.tennessean.com/article/20061115/COLUMNIST0102/611150393/Photographer-Giers-recorded-Nashville-s-growth |date=July 29, 2014 }}," The Tennessean, 15 November 2006. Retrieved: 18 July 2014.

Giers displayed his photographs at various fairs in the Nashville region. He nearly swept the photography prizes at the Tennessee Agricultural and Mechanic Association Fair in October 1871."[http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85033699/1871-10-08/ed-1/seq-1/#date1=1844&sort=date&rows=20&words=C+Giers&searchType=basic&sequence=0&index=16&state=Tennessee&date2=1878&proxtext=%22c.+c.+giers%22&y=11&x=11&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=4 Annual Fair of the Tennessee Agricultural and Mechanic Association]," Nashville Union and American, 8 October 1871, p. 1. He exhibited his work at the Vienna Exposition in 1873 and the United States Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia in 1876. His photographs are now part of the collections of the Tennessee State Library and Archives, the Calvin M. McClung Collection in Knoxville, and the New York Public Library."[http://www.nypl.org/node/134160 Photographers in the New York Public Library's Photography Collection] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006082938/http://www.nypl.org/node/134160 |date=October 6, 2014 }}," New York Public Library website, January 2012. Retrieved: 22 July 2014. A self-portrait of Giers is part of the collections of the National Portrait Gallery in Washington.[http://collections.si.edu/search/record/npg_S_NPG.2007.66 Smithsonian Collections Database]. Accessed: 23 July 2014.

File:Andrew-Johnson-by-giers2.jpg|Andrew Johnson

File:George-Dickel-by-Giers.png|George A. Dickel

File:Ulysses-grant-by-giers.png|Ulysses S. Grant

File:Parson-Brownlow-by-giers.jpg|William G. Brownlow

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• {{Commons category-inline|Carl Giers}}

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Category:1828 births

Category:1877 deaths

Category:Politicians from Nashville, Tennessee

Category:19th-century American photographers

Category:Members of the Tennessee House of Representatives

Category:Prussian emigrants to the United States

Category:Burials at Mount Olivet Cemetery (Nashville)

Category:19th-century members of the Tennessee General Assembly