Carl Gustaf Hammarskjöld

{{Infobox officeholder

| name = Carl Gustaf Hammarskjöld

| image = Carl-Gustaf Hammarskjöld.JPG

| image_size =

| caption =

| order = Minister of Defence

| term_start = 27 October 1920

| term_end = 6 June 1921

| monarch =

| predecessor = Per Albin Hansson

| successor = Otto Lybeck

| birth_name = Dag Hjalmar Agne Carl Hammarskjöld

| birth_date = {{birth date|1865|04|22|df=y}}

| birth_place = Tuna, Sweden

| death_date = {{death date and age|1940|02|26|1865|04|22|df=y}}

| death_place = Stockholm, Sweden

| resting_place =

| resting_place_coordinates =

| nationality = Swedish

| party = {{ill|Lantmanna- och borgarpartiet|sv}}

| spouse = Dora Almgren

| relations =

| children = 2

| parents =

| residence =

| education =

| alma_mater =

| occupation = Officer

| cabinet =

| awards =

| signature =

| nickname =

| allegiance =

| branch = Swedish Army

| serviceyears = 1885–1930

| rank = General

| unit =

| commands = 1st Life Grenadier Regiment
3rd Infantry Brigade
6th Army Division
Chief of the General Staff

| battles =

| mawards =

}}

General Carl Gustaf Valdemar Hammarskjöld (22 April 1865 – 27 February 1940) was a Swedish Army officer and conservative politician.

Early life

Hammarskjöld was born on 22 April 1865 at Väderum farm in Tuna Parish, Vimmerby Municipality, Sweden, the son of lieutenant Knut Hammarskjöld (1818–1891) and Wilhelmina Mimmi (née Cöster) (1832–1901). Carl Gustaf Hammarskjöld was brother to Hjalmar Hammarskjöld, cousin to {{ill|Carl Hammarskjöld|sv}} and Hugo Hammarskjöld, all of which were born in the same room, on the same farm, and became all (cabinet) ministers.{{cite web |url=http://historiska-personer.nu/min-s/p90481b14.html |website=www.historiska-personer.nu |title=Carl Gustaf Valdemar Hammarskjöld |first=Christer |last=Engstrand |access-date=18 March 2020 |language=sv}} Carl Gustaf was uncle to Dag Hammarskjöld.

Career

Hammarskjöld was commissioned as an officer in Värmland Rifle Corps (Värmlands fältjägarkår, No 26) in 1885 with the rank of underlöjtnant.{{cite book |title=Vem är det: svensk biografisk handbok. 1939 |trans-title=Who is it: Swedish biographical handbook. 1939 |year=1939 |location=Stockholm |publisher=Norstedt |language=sv |id={{LIBRIS|3681516}} |url=https://runeberg.org/vemardet/1939/0320.html |page=320}} He was promoted to lieutenant in 1891 and served as a staff adjutant and lieutenant in the General Staff in 1895. Hammarskjöld was promoted to captain in the army and in the General Staff in 1899 and he served as a teacher at the Royal Swedish Army Staff College from 1899 to 1903. He then served as captain in Vaxholm Grenadier Regiment in 1903 and as a general staff officer in the staff of the 2nd Army Division (II. arméfördelningen) from 1903 to 1905. Hammarskjöld served as chief of staff in the 1st Army Division (I. arméfördelningen) from 1905 to 1906 then he was promoted to major in the General Staff and appointed vice chief of the Military Office of the Ministry of Land Defence. In 1910, Hammarskjöld was promoted to lieutenant colonel in the 1st Life Grenadier Regiment. Hammarskjöld was secretary in several military committees and assisted the General Staff in drafting proposals for a new conscript law in 1911 and experimental mobilization in 1912. He was promoted to colonel in the army in 1913.

In the Ministry of Land Defence from 1913 to 1914, he drafted a proposal for a new conscript law and a new army order. He was also an expert in the same ministry regarding commissariat equipment for the Landstorm. He then served as commander of the 1st Life Grenadier Regiment from 1914 and of the 3rd Infantry Brigade from 1 January 1917. Hammarskjöld was promoted to major general and appointed commanding officer of the 6th Army Division (VI. arméfördelningen) in 1919. In 1919, Hammarskjöld became a member of the Committee on Defense Audit (Försvarsrevisionen). Hammarskjöld served as Minister of Defence and head of the Ministry of Defence from 27 October 1920 to 6 June 1921. He then served eight years, from 1922 to 1930 as Chief of the General Staff. He was promoted to lieutenant general in 1926 and to full general then he retired from the military in 1930. Hammarskjöld transferred to the reserve and remained there until 1937.

Hammarskjöld was a member of Andra kammaren 1918 to 1920, and of the Första kammaren from 1924 to 1932, representing {{ill|Farmer and Bourgeoisie Party|sv|Lantmanna- och borgarpartiet}}.

Personal life

On the 28 November 1903 he married Dora Albertina Almgren (11 October 1876 – 30 November 1956), the daughter of Chief Director of the Swedish State Railways, Fredrik August Almgren and Johanna Charlotta Wasenius.{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://sok.riksarkivet.se/sbl/Presentation.aspx?id=12544 |publisher=National Archives of Sweden |encyclopedia=Svenskt biografiskt lexikon |title=Carl Gustaf V Hammarskjöld |first=Bengt |last=Hildebrand |year=1969–1971 |volume=18 |page=187 |access-date=18 March 2020 |language=sv}} They had two children, Carl (born 1904) and Bengt (born 1905).{{cite web |url=https://www.adelsvapen.com/genealogi/Hammarskj%C3%B6ld_nr_135#TAB_19 |website=www.adelsvapen.se |title=Carl Gustaf Valdemar |access-date=18 March 2020 |language=sv}}

Death

Hammarskjöld died on 27 February 1940 in Hedvig Eleonora Parish, Stockholm. He was buried on 2 March 1940 in Norra begravningsplatsen, Solna Municipality.{{cite web |url=http://svenskagravar.se/gravsatt/58379293 |website=www.svenskagravar.se |title=Hammarskjöld, Carl Gustaf Valdemar |access-date=18 March 2020 |language=sv}}

Dates of rank

1884 – Sergeant
30 October 1885 – Underlöjtnant
6 August 1891 – Lieutenant
7 April 1899 – Captain
16 February 1906 – Major
12 June 1909 – Lieutenant Colonel
14 February 1913 – Colonel
14 July 1919 – Major General
23 April 1926 – Lieutenant General
23 April 1930 – General

Awards and decorations

=Swedish=

50px {{flagicon|Sweden}} King Gustaf V's Jubilee Commemorative Medal (1928){{cite book |url=https://runeberg.org/statskal/1940bih/0009.html |title=Sveriges statskalender för skottåret 1940 |year=1940 |publisher=Fritzes offentliga publikationer |location=Uppsala |language=sv |page=9}}
50px {{flagicon|Sweden}} Commander Grand Cross of the Order of the Sword (6 June 1926)
50px {{flagicon|Sweden}} Commander 1st Class of the Order of the Sword (6 June 1919){{cite book |url=https://runeberg.org/statskal/1925/0818.html |title=Sveriges statskalender för året 1925 |year=1925 |publisher=Almqvist & Wiksell |location=Uppsala |language=sv |page=812}}
50px {{flagicon|Sweden}} Commander of the 2nd Class of the Order of the Sword (6 June 1916){{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fAxEAQAAMAAJ |title=Sveriges statskalender för året 1919 |year=1919 |publisher=Almqvist & Wiksell |location=Uppsala |language=sv |page=745}}
50px {{flagicon|Sweden}} Knight 1st Class of the Order of the Sword (1905){{cite book |url=https://runeberg.org/statskal/1915/0693.html |title=Sveriges statskalender för år 1915 |year=1915 |publisher=Fritzes offentliga publikationer |location=Uppsala |language=sv |page=693}}
50px {{flagicon|Sweden}} Commander 1st Class of the Order of the Polar Star (6 December 1923){{cite book |url=https://runeberg.org/statskal/1940bih/0082.html |title=Sveriges statskalender för skottåret 1940 |year=1940 |publisher=Fritzes offentliga publikationer |location=Uppsala |language=sv |page=82}}
50px {{flagicon|Sweden}} Knight of the Order of the Polar Star (1912){{cite book |url=https://runeberg.org/statskal/1921/0867.html |title=Sveriges statskalender för året 1921 |year=1921 |publisher=Almqvist & Wiksell |location=Uppsala |language=sv |page=867}}
50px {{flagicon|Sweden}} Commander 2nd Class of the Order of Vasa (30 September 1914){{cite book |url=https://runeberg.org/statskal/1940bih/0172.html |title=Sveriges statskalender för skottåret 1940 |year=1940 |publisher=Fritzes offentliga publikationer |location=Uppsala |language=sv |page=172}}

=Foreign=

50px {{flagicon|Finland}} Grand Cross of the Order of the White Rose of Finland (1925)
50px {{flagicon|Russian Empire}} Knight 2nd Class of the Order of St. Anna (1909)
50px {{flagicon|Denmark}} Knight of the Order of the Dannebrog (11 September 1906)
50px {{flagicon|Prussia}} Knight 3rd Class of the Order of the Red Eagle (1908)