Carlotta Archer

Carlotta Archer was born on October 10, 1865, in Cave Spring, near Locust Grove, Saline District, Cherokee Nation, Indian Territory, to Mary Frances "Polly" (née Vann) and Edwin F. Archer.{{sfn|Harrison|1946|p=1}}{{sfn|Starr|1969|p=629}}{{sfn|Cherokee County Democrat-Star|1921|p=1}} Her mother was born in the Cherokee Country in Georgia and removed with her parents Joseph and Catherine (née Rowe) Vann to the Indian Territory in 1824 prior to the Trail of Tears.{{sfn|The Daily Mayes County Democrat|1940|p=58}}{{sfn|Cherokee County Democrat-Star|1921|p=1}}{{sfn|Starr|1969|p=671}} Joseph Vann held numerous offices in the Cherokee government including Senator, associate justice of the Cherokee Supreme Court, and Assistant Chief of the Cherokee Nation.{{sfn|Starr|1969|p=671}} Her father Edwin was a printer from New York City, of Irish heritage, who came to Indian Territory as a teacher in 1844.{{sfn|The Daily Mayes County Democrat|1940|p=58}}{{sfn|Foreman|1948|p=60}} The following year, he married Polly and began working at the Park Hill Mission press. He printed "thousands of books",{{sfn|Foreman|1948|p=60}} with titles in the Cherokee, Choctaw, Muscogee, and Wea languages.{{sfn|Mihesuah|1993|p=25}} The press closed in 1861,{{sfn|Foreman|1948|p=60}} and in 1871, he became the postmaster of the Pryor's Creek post office. The family moved to Pryor's Creek, also called Choteau (later Chouteau) which was about 9 miles south of Pryor.{{sfn|Harrison|1946|p=1}}{{sfn|Shirk|1948|p=194}} Carlotta was the youngest of five daughters,{{sfn|Starr|1969|p=629}} and was a talented musician.{{sfn|Harrison|1946|p=1}} Her older sisters were Mary Elizabeth, Louisa Catherine, Ada, and Cora.{{sfn|Starr|1969|p=629}} The sisters were 1/16th Cherokee and Carlotta would later be enrolled as #26423 on the Dawes Rolls.{{sfn|Oklahoma Historical Society|2024}} She attended the First Cherokee Female Seminary and graduated in 1883.{{sfn|Mihesuah|1993|p=Appendix D}}

Archer first worked at a rural school to earn money to attend Monticello Seminary in Godfrey, Illinois in 1891.{{sfn|Harrison|1946|p=1}}{{sfn|Norton|1916|p=32}} After returning to Indian Territory, she taught music in Muskogee, at Alice Robinson Presbyterian Mission School, later Henry Kendall College, and now the University of Tulsa.{{sfn|Harrison|1946|p=1}} Her father died in 1893.{{sfn|Starr|1969|p=629}} The following year, she was hired as the music teacher at the Cherokee Female Seminary.{{sfn|The Indian Chieftain|1894|p=3}} She remained at the female seminary until the end of the 1902 term.{{sfn|Mihesuah|1993|p=Appendix D}}{{sfn|McCullagh|Davis|2018|pp=454, 458–459}}

In November 1905, Archer was appointed by Principal Chief William C. Rogers to serve on the Cherokee Nation's Board of Education.{{sfn|The Tahlequah Arrow|1905|p=5}}{{sfn|The Weekly Examiner|1905|p=1}} Her appointment became embroiled in the divisions among the leadership of the Cherokee Council.{{sfn|The Weekly Examiner|1905|p=1}} As part of the preparations for uniting Indian and Oklahoma Territories into the State of Oklahoma, the tribal government was to be abolished in March 1906.{{sfn|Wilson|2002}}{{sfn|Caywood|1952|p=32}} Chief Rogers did not call an election in 1905 because he saw no reason to incur the expense of a vote, since the government was terminating. Tribal members who opposed Rogers, held an election, impeached Rogers, and appointed Frank J. Boudinot as chief.{{sfn|Caywood|1952|p=36}} Boudinot appointed Sam F. Parks to remain on the board of education, leaving no vacancy for Archer to fill.{{sfn|The Weekly Examiner|1905|p=1}}{{sfn|The Norman Transcript|1905|p=3}} At the time, Rogers was in Washington, D.C.{{sfn|Caywood|1952|p=36}} and the assistant chief, David McNair Faulkner refused to recognize the actions of the council which was not elected according to Cherokee law. Faulkner's communication to the individuals and not the body which claimed to be duly elected, stated that unless compelled to by the court, he would not turn over any of the records to them. In anticipation of the termination of the tribe, the Cherokee Courts had been abolished, and neither the inspector or agent at the local agency wanted to be involved in the dispute, which meant that the Interior Department would have to resolve the matter.{{sfn|The Weekly Examiner|1905|p=1}}

When Archer went to Tahlequah to take up her post, she was informed by Parks that he would not be vacating his office. She returned to manage her farm at Pryor Creek and await the decision of the Department of the Interior.{{sfn|The Norman Transcript|1905|p=3}} Their decision was handed down in March 1906, with the department refusing to recognize Boudinot as chief or Parks as a member of the school board.{{sfn|The Vinita Daily Chieftain|1906|p=1}} With her appointment confirmed, Archer became the first woman to hold a position on the Cherokee Education Board. The three members of the board were responsible for hiring all of the teachers who taught at the 200 schools in the nation.{{sfn|The Tahlequah Arrow|1906|p=3}} At the Oklahoma Constitutional Convention held in November, women's suffrage was debated, but not passed; however, women were allowed under the constitution adopted for statehood in 1907 to hold county offices and vote in school board elections.{{sfn|Oklahoma Historical Society|2019}} On February 1, 1908, the Secretary of the Interior dissolved the seventy-five year old Cherokee School System and its board. With that action, Archer became the only woman to have ever served on the Cherokee Board of Education.{{sfn|The Indian Citizen|1908|p=1}}{{sfn|McCullagh|Davis|2018|p=460}}

In July 1908, Archer was appointed as deputy superintendent of schools for Mayes County, Oklahoma.{{sfn|Muskogee Daily Phoenix|1908|p=5}}{{sfn|New-State Tribune|1908|p=5}} Evan Dhu Cameron, the State Superintendent of Schools, claimed that Archer was not legally chosen to serve as the acting superintendent of schools when the elected superintendent N. C. Hunt resigned. Cameron stated that Hunt had been charged with irregularities and left the state. Before his resignation could be acted upon, Hunt returned and appointed Archer as the deputy superintendent and left the state again. Cameron alleged that the county commissioners should not have allowed Hunt to appoint a successor.{{sfn|The Oklahoma State Capital|1908|p=5}}{{sfn|The Guthrie Daily Leader|1908|pp=1, 5}} In September, the county commissioners met and approved Archer to serve as the acting superintendent until an election could be held.{{sfn|Harrison|1908|p=2}} Attorney General Charles West refused to get involved in the dispute and Archer continued with her duties.{{sfn|The Oklahoma State Capital|1908|p=5}} She won the office in the 1910 and 1912 elections,{{sfn|Starr|1969|p=678}} and then retired in 1915,{{sfn|The Pryor Creek Clipper|1915|p=1}} to go to work at the Five Civilized Tribes Agency in Muskogee.{{sfn|Mayes County Republican|1916a|p=8}} Encouraged by friends to run again for county school superintendent,{{sfn|The Pryor Creek Clipper|1916|p=1}} Archer won re-election in 1916, 1918, 1920,{{sfn|Starr|1969|p=678}}{{sfn|Mayes County Republican|1916b|p=1}} 1922, 1924,{{sfn|Mayes County Republican|1922|p=1}}{{sfn|Mayes County Democrat|1924|p=3}} and 1926, serving a total of 19 years as county school superintendent.{{sfn|Harrison|1946|p=1}}{{sfn|Muskogee Times-Democrat|1941|p=3}}

After completing her last term in 1927, Archer was appointed as a junior clerk in the Five Civilized Tribes Agency in Pryor.{{sfn|Muskogee Times-Democrat|1941|p=3}} She also served as assistant to the field agent, Fred O. Rogers, who had responsibility over schools and conducted investigations and surveys to analyze the social and economic conditions of the Native people under their care. The field agents were responsible for collecting data and making reports on education, employment, and health. Archer collected information about families, including where they lived, what lands they owned, and what assistance they might need.{{sfn|Bodine|1940|p=23}} By 1940, Archer was a clerk in both in the Pryor office and at the Muskogee agency, where she worked in the leasing division.{{sfn|Muskogee Times-Democrat|1941|p=3}}{{sfn|Bodine|1940|p=23}} She retired from the agency in March 1941.{{sfn|Muskogee Times-Democrat|1941|p=3}}

Archer was not idle in her retirement. In November 1941, she volunteered as the acting secretary for the Chamber of Commerce while they searched for a permanent employee.{{sfn|The Pryor Jeffersonian|1941|p=8}} She became the executive secretary of the local branch of the Red Cross in January 1942.{{sfn|Mayes County Democrat|1942|p=1}} During World War II, the chapter doubled their expected quota to the war fund in 1943,{{sfn|Muskogee Daily Phoenix and Times-Democrat|1943|p=28}} and Archer served as interim librarian at the Pryor Public Library when the regular librarian resigned.{{sfn|The Pryor Jeffersonian|1943|p=5}} She continued her work with both the Red Cross and as a librarian through 1945,{{sfn|The Daily Times-Democrat|1945a|p=1}}{{sfn|The Daily Times-Democrat|1945b|p=1}} and served on the Board of Directors of the Pryor Public Library until her final illness.{{sfn|Tulsa World|1946|p=4}}

Archer became ill in January 1946 and was hospitalized several times.{{sfn|The Pryor Jeffersonian|1946|p=6}}{{sfn|The Daily Times-Democrat|1946a|p=3}} She died on August 27, 1946, at the Whitaker Hospital in Pryor, Oklahoma,{{sfn|Harrison|1946|p=1}}{{sfn|The Daily Times-Democrat|1946b|p=1}} after several months of illness. She was buried in the Pryor Cemetery the following day.{{sfn|The Daily Times-Democrat|1946b|p=1}}{{sfn|Tulsa World|1946|p=4}} In 1948, her niece Vera Jones, donated Archer's 354 volume library to the Pryor Public Library.{{sfn|The Pryor Jeffersonian|1948|p=1}} Archer is remembered as one of the first women in Oklahoma to be elected to public office. When she was elected in 1910, there were only 17 women who had won the office of county school superintendent, Kate Barnard Oklahoma Commissioner of Charities and Corrections was the only statewide office holder, and four women had run for county registrar of deeds.{{sfn|The Enid Daily Eagle|1910|p=2}}

{{Reflist|30em}}

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• {{cite news |ref={{harvid|The Pryor Creek Clipper|1916}}|author= |title=Carlotta Archer Announces |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-pryor-creek-clipper-carlotta-archer/153806569/ |access-date=August 22, 2024 |work=The Pryor Creek Clipper |date=June 29, 1916 |location=Pryor, Oklahoma |page=1 |via=Newspapers.com}}
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• {{cite news |ref={{harvid|The Indian Citizen|1908}}|author= |title=Cherokees Receive a Bitter Blow |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/indian-citizen-cherokees-receive-a-bitte/153727647/ |access-date=August 22, 2024 |work=The Indian Citizen |date=February 13, 1908 |location=Muskogee, Oklahoma |page=1 |via=Newspapers.com}}
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• {{cite web |ref={{harvid|Oklahoma Historical Society|2024}}|author= |title=Dawes Rolls, 1898–1914: Carlotta Archer |url=https://www.okhistory.org/research/dawesresults?fname=&lname=&tribe=&rollnum=26423&cardnum=&action=Search |website=Dawes Rolls |publisher=Oklahoma Historical Society |access-date=August 24, 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240824182953/https://www.okhistory.org/research/dawesresults?cardnum=2580&tribe=Cherokee&cardgroup=by%20Blood |archive-date=August 24, 2024 |location=Oklahoma City, Oklahoma |date=2024 |url-status=dead}}
• {{cite news |ref={{harvid|Cherokee County Democrat-Star|1921}}|author= |title=Death of a Remarkable Woman |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/cherokee-county-democrat-star-death-of-a/153730286/ |access-date=August 21, 2024 |work=Cherokee County Democrat-Star |date=March 18, 1921 |location=Tahlequah, Oklahoma |page=1 |via=Newspapers.com}}
• {{cite news |ref={{harvid|Mayes County Democrat|1924}}|author= |title=Directory of Officials of City and County |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/mayes-county-democrat-directory-of-offic/153808945/ |access-date=August 22, 2024 |work=Mayes County Democrat |date=November 6, 1924 |location=Pryor, Oklahoma |page=3 |via=Newspapers.com}}
• {{cite news |ref={{harvid|Muskogee Daily Phoenix and Times-Democrat|1943}}|author= |title=Double Red Cross Quota |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/muskogee-daily-phoenix-and-times-democra/153728727/ |access-date=August 24, 2024 |work=Muskogee Daily Phoenix and Times-Democrat |date=July 4, 1943 |location=Muskogee, Oklahoma |page=28 |via=Newspapers.com}}
• {{cite news |ref={{harvid|Mayes County Republican|1916b}}|author= |title=Election of President in Doubt This Morning |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/mayes-county-new-deal-election-of-presid/153806860/ |access-date=August 22, 2024 |work=Mayes County Republican |date=November 9, 1916 |location=Pryor, Oklahoma |page=1 |via=Newspapers.com}}
• {{cite book |last1=Foreman |first1=Carolyn Thomas |author-link=Carolyn T. Foreman |title=Park Hill |url=https://archive.org/details/bwb_P8-AQD-825/page/60/mode/1up |date=1948 |publisher=The Starr Printery |location=Muskogee, Oklahoma |oclc=4271001}}
• {{cite news |last1=Harrison |first1=L. C. |title=County Commissioners Meet |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-pryor-creek-clipper-harrison-l-c/153800286/ |access-date=August 22, 2024 |work=The Pryor Creek Clipper |date=September 25, 1908 |location=Pryor Creek, Oklahoma |page=2 |via=Newspapers.com}}
• {{cite news |last1=Harrison |first1=Thomas J. |title=Carlotta Archer's Was Useful and Active Life |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-times-democrat-harrison-thoma/153726434/ |access-date=August 21, 2024 |work=The Daily Times-Democrat |date=August 28, 1946 |location=Pryor, Oklahoma |page=1 |via=Newspapers.com}}
• {{cite news |ref={{harvid|The Tahlequah Arrow|1905}}|author= |title=Has Filed Protest |url=https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc155863/m1/5/zoom/?q=%22Carlotta%20Archer%22&resolution=2&lat=2917.999999999999&lon=3055.333333333333 |access-date=August 22, 2024 |work=The Tahlequah Arrow |volume=19 |issue=12 |date=November 25, 1905 |location=Tahlequah, Indian Territory |page=5 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240822160441/https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc155863/m1/5/zoom/?q=%22Carlotta%20Archer%22&resolution=2&lat=2917.999999999999&lon=3055.333333333333 |archive-date=August 22, 2024 |url-status=live}}
• {{cite news |ref={{harvid|Mayes County Republican|1916a}}|author= |title=Local News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/mayes-county-new-deal-local-news/153806724/ |access-date=August 22, 2024 |work=Mayes County Republican |date=June 22, 1916 |location=Pryor, Oklahoma |page=8 |via=Newspapers.com}}
• {{cite journal |last1=McCullagh |first1=James G. |last2=Davis |first2=James S. |title=Cherokee National Female Seminary Principal Teacher Etta Jane Rider and Her Assistant Teachers, 1901–04 |journal=The Chronicles of Oklahoma |date=Winter 2018 |volume=96 |issue=4 |pages=446–471 |url=https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc2017454/m2/1/high_res_d/2018-v96-n04_COO_McCullagh.pdf |access-date=August 22, 2024 |publisher=Oklahoma Historical Society |location=Oklahoma City, Oklahoma |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240821182423/https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc2017454/m2/1/high_res_d/2018-v96-n04_COO_McCullagh.pdf |archive-date=August 21, 2024 |issn=0009-6024 |url-status=live}}
• {{cite book |last1=Mihesuah |first1=Devon A. |title=Cultivating the Rosebuds: The Education of Women at the Cherokee Female Seminary, 1851–1909 |url=https://archive.org/details/cultivatingroseb0000mihe/page/23/mode/1up |date=1993 |publisher=University of Illinois Press |location=Urbana, Illinois |isbn=978-0-252-01953-1}}
• {{cite news |ref={{harvid|The Pryor Creek Clipper|1915}}|author= |title=Miss Archer and R. B. Dunham Retire |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-pryor-creek-clipper-miss-archer-and/153806470/ |access-date=August 22, 2024 |work=The Pryor Creek Clipper |date=July 8, 1915 |location=Pryor, Oklahoma |page=1 |via=Newspapers.com}}
• {{cite news |ref={{harvid|The Daily Times-Democrat|1946a}}|author= |title=Miss Carlotta Archer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-times-democrat-miss-carlotta-a/153729286/ |access-date=August 24, 2024 |work=The Daily Times-Democrat |date=July 11, 1946 |location=Pryor, Oklahoma |page=3 |via=Newspapers.com}}
• {{cite news |ref={{harvid|The Pryor Jeffersonian|1941}}|author= |title=Miss Carlotta Archer in Charge of C of C Office |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-pryor-jeffersonian-miss-carlotta-arc/153727491/ |access-date=August 24, 2024 |work=The Pryor Jeffersonian |date=November 6, 1941 |location=Pryor, Oklahoma |page=8 |via=Newspapers.com}}
• {{cite news |ref={{harvid|The Pryor Jeffersonian|1946}}|author= |title=Mrs. Carlotta Archer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-pryor-jeffersonian-mrs-carlotta-arc/153728922/ |access-date=August 24, 2024 |work=The Pryor Jeffersonian |date=March 21, 1946 |location=Pryor, Oklahoma |page=6 |via=Newspapers.com}}
• {{cite book |last1=Norton |first1=Isabel |title=General Catalogue of Officers and Students of Monticello Seminary, 1838–1916 |url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uiug.30112100625182&seq=56&q1=Archer |date=1916 |publisher=Monticello Seminary |location=Godfrey, Illinois |oclc=14055269}}
• {{cite news |ref={{harvid|The Vinita Daily Chieftain|1906}}|author= |title=Parks Loses, Miss Carlotta Archer on Cherokee School Board |url=https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc776021/m1/1/zoom/?q=%22Carlotta%20Archer%22&resolution=2&lat=2936.2786751502094&lon=3899.2492305939413 |access-date=August 22, 2024 |work=The Vinita Daily Chieftain |volume=8 |issue=135 |date=March 27, 1906 |location=Vinita, Indian Territory |page=1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240822173700/https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc776021/m1/1/zoom/?q=%22Carlotta%20Archer%22&resolution=2&lat=2576.945341816876&lon=3897.249230593941 |archive-date=August 22, 2024 |url-status=live}}
• {{cite news |ref={{harvid|Tulsa World|1946}}|author= |title=Pioneer Mission Teacher Succumbs at Home in Pryor |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-pioneer-mission-teacher-succ/153728408/|access-date=August 21, 2024 |work=Tulsa World |date=August 28, 1946 |location=Tulsa, Oklahoma |page=4 |via=Newspapers.com}}
• {{cite news |ref={{harvid|Mayes County Democrat|1942}}|author= |title=Red Cross Membership Roll Not Completed |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/mayes-county-democrat-red-cross-membersh/153727456/ |access-date=August 24, 2024 |work=Mayes County Democrat |date=January 1, 1942 |location=Pryor, Oklahoma |page=1 |via=Newspapers.com}}
• {{cite news |ref={{harvid|The Pryor Jeffersonian|1943}}|author= |title=Resigns as Librarian |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-pryor-jeffersonian-resigns-as-librar/153729073/ |access-date=August 24, 2024 |work=The Pryor Jeffersonian |date=April 1, 1943 |location=Pryor, Oklahoma |page=5 |via=Newspapers.com}}
• {{cite news |ref={{harvid|The Daily Times-Democrat|1945a}}|author= |title='Round Town |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-times-democrat-round-town/153729189/ |access-date=August 24, 2024 |work=The Daily Times-Democrat |date=July 17, 1945 |location=Pryor, Oklahoma |page=1 |via=Newspapers.com}}
• {{cite news |ref={{harvid|The Daily Times-Democrat|1945b}}|author= |title='Round Town |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-times-democrat-round-town/153728800/ |access-date=August 24, 2024 |work=The Daily Times-Democrat |date=August 16, 1945 |location=Pryor, Oklahoma |page=1 |via=Newspapers.com}}
• {{cite journal |last1=Shirk |first1=George H. |title=First Post Offices within the Boundaries of Oklahoma |journal=The Chronicles of Oklahoma |date=Summer 1948 |volume=26 |issue=2 |pages=179–244 |url=https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc2192438/m2/1/high_res_d/1948-v26-n2_a05.pdf |access-date=August 21, 2024 |publisher=Oklahoma Historical Society |location=Oklahoma City, Oklahoma |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240821195025/https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc2192438/m2/1/high_res_d/1948-v26-n2_a05.pdf |archive-date=August 21, 2024 |issn=0009-6024 |url-status=live}}
• {{cite news |ref={{harvid|Muskogee Daily Phoenix|1908}}|author= |title=Society News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/muskogee-daily-phoenix-and-times-democra/153796990/ |access-date=August 22, 2024 |work=Muskogee Daily Phoenix |date=July 12, 1908 |location=Muskogee, Oklahoma |page=5 |via=Newspapers.com}}
• {{cite book |last1=Starr |first1=Emmet |title=History of the Cherokee Indians and Their Legends and Folk Lore |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofcheroke0000star/page/466/mode/1up |date=1969 |edition=1921 Reprint |publisher=Kraus Reprint Company |location=New York, New York |oclc=16764069}}
• {{cite news |ref={{harvid|The Daily Mayes County Democrat|1940}}|author= |title=Teaching School Runs in Family of Edwin Archer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-mayes-county-democrat-teaching/153730532/ |access-date=August 22, 2024 |work=The Daily Mayes County Democrat |date=November 24, 1940 |location=Pryor, Oklahoma |page=58 |via=Newspapers.com}}
• {{cite news |ref={{harvid|Muskogee Times-Democrat|1941}}|author= |title=Three Retiring Veteran Employees of Five Civilized Tribes Agency To Be Honored at Dinner Tonight |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/muskogee-times-democrat-three-retiring-v/153727402/ |access-date=August 22, 2024 |work=Muskogee Times-Democrat |date=March 5, 1941 |location=Muskogee, Oklahoma |page=3 |via=Newspapers.com}}
• {{cite web |ref={{harvid|Oklahoma Historical Society|2019}}|author= |title=Votes for Women: 100 Years of Women’s Suffrage |url=https://www.okhistory.org/learn/votesforwomen |website=OK History |publisher=Oklahoma Historical Society |access-date=August 24, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240808055016/https://www.okhistory.org/learn/votesforwomen |archive-date=August 8, 2024 |location=Oklahoma City, Oklahoma |date=2019 |url-status=live}}
• {{cite news |ref={{harvid|Mayes County Republican|1922}}|author= |title=Walton Has Big Lead for Governor |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/mayes-county-new-deal-walton-has-big-lea/153808875/ |access-date=August 22, 2024 |work=Mayes County Republican |date=November 9, 1922 |location=Pryor, Oklahoma |page=1 |via=Newspapers.com}}
• {{cite news |ref={{harvid|The Norman Transcript|1905}}|author= |title=Washington Will Decide |url=https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc137898/m1/3/zoom/?q=%22Carlotta%20Archer%22&resolution=3&lat=5672.905989903153&lon=1991.260358163204 |access-date=August 22, 2024 |work=The Norman Transcript |volume=17 |issue=5 |date=November 30, 1905 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240822174523/https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc137898/m1/3/zoom/?q=%22Carlotta%20Archer%22&resolution=3&lat=5672.905989903153&lon=1991.260358163204 |archive-date=August 22, 2024 |location=Norman, Oklahoma Territory |page=3 |url-status=live}}
• {{cite news |ref={{harvid|The Oklahoma State Capital|1908}}|author= |title=Will Not Rule: Attorney General West Not Court of Appeals from Cameron |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-oklahoma-state-capital-will-not-rule/153796553/ |access-date=August 22, 2024 |work=The Oklahoma State Capital |date=October 10, 1908 |location=Guthrie, Oklahoma |page=5 |via=Newspapers.com}}
• {{cite web |last1=Wilson |first1=Linda D. |editor-last=Everett |editor-first=Dianna |title=Statehood Movement |url=http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/S/ST025.html |website=Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History & Culture |publisher=Oklahoma Historical Society, Oklahoma State University Library Electronic Publishing Center |access-date=August 22, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121119170430/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/S/ST025.html |archive-date=November 19, 2012 |location=Stillwater, Oklahoma |date=2002 |oclc=181340478 |url-status=dead}}
• {{cite news |ref={{harvid|The Guthrie Daily Leader|1908}}|author= |title=Woman's Selection Irregular |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-guthrie-daily-leader-womans-selecti/153800408/ |access-date=August 22, 2024 |work=The Guthrie Daily Leader |date=October 8, 1908 |location=Guthrie, Oklahoma |pages=[https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-guthrie-daily-leader-womans-selecti/153800408/ 1], [https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-guthrie-daily-leader-womans-selecti/153800440/ 5] |via=Newspapers.com}}
• {{cite news |ref={{harvid|The Enid Daily Eagle|1910}}|author= |title=Women Nominated for Minor Offices |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-enid-daily-eagle-women-nominated-for/153913674/ |access-date=August 24, 2024 |work=The Enid Daily Eagle |date=August 17, 1910 |location=Enid, Oklahoma |page=2 |via=Newspapers.com}}

{{refend}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Archer, Carlotta}}

Category:1865 births

Category:1946 deaths

Category:People from Mayes County, Oklahoma

Category:Cherokee Nation people (1794–1907)

Category:Native American educators

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Category:American women civil servants

Category:Vann family

Category:Native American women educators