Carrizal seedeater
{{Short description|Species of bird}}
{{Use American English|date=May 2021}}
{{speciesbox
| name = Carrizal seedeater
| genus = Amaurospiza
| species = carrizalensis
| authority = Lentino & Restall, 2003{{cite journal|last1=Lentino|first1=Miguel|last2=Restall|first2=Robin|title=A New Species of Amaurospiza Blue Seedeater from Venezuela|journal=The Auk|date=2003|volume=120|issue=3|pages=600–606|doi=10.1642/0004-8038(2003)120[0600:ANSOAB]2.0.CO;2|jstor=4090092|s2cid=85640486 }}
| range_map = Amaurospiza carrizalensis map.svg
}}
The Carrizal seedeater (Amaurospiza carrizalensis) is a species of bird in the family Cardinalidae, the cardinals or cardinal grosbeaks. It is endemic to Venezuela.{{cite web |url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/ |title=IOC World Bird List (v 11.1) |last1=Gill |first1= F. |last2=Donsker|first2=D.|last3=Rasmussen |first3=P. |date=January 2021 |access-date=January 14, 2021 }}
Taxonomy and systematics
The Carrizal seedeater was described based on three specimens collected in 2001. The researchers who determined that it was a new species, Miguel Lentino and Robin L. Restall, named it Carrizal blue seedeater, but the "blue" was dropped by taxonomic organizations to avoid conflict with what was then the blue seedeater (Amaurospiza concolor).Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, J. F. Pacheco, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 19 January 2021. A classification of the bird species of South America. American Ornithological Society. https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm retrieved January 19, 2021
Description
The Carrizal seedeater is {{convert|12|cm|in|abbr=on}} long and weighs {{convert|12|to|14|g|oz|abbr=on}}. The male is a glossy dark slaty blue that is darker on the face and underparts. The female's upperparts are warm brown and the underparts yellow-buff, darker on the flanks.Rising, J. D. and A. Jaramillo (2020). Carrizal Seedeater (Amaurospiza carrizalensis), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (S. M. Billerman, B. K. Keeney, P. G. Rodewald, and T. S. Schulenberg, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.carsee1.01 retrieved May 16, 2021
Distribution and habitat
The specimens of Carrizal seedeater were collected on Isla Carrizal in the Caroni River of northern Venezuela. Construction of the Tocoma Dam, which began in 2006, flooded the island. The species has since been found elsewhere in the Caroni River watershed. It is known only from stands of spiny Guadua and Ripidocladus species of bamboo in deciduous forest.
Behavior
=Feeding=
=Breeding=
No information has been published about the Carrizal seedeater's breeding phenology.
=Vocalization=
Status
The IUCN has not assessed the Carrizal seedeater. However, researchers consider it Critically Endangered. It is known from fewer than 20 locations across a very small area. "Effective protection of potentially suitable habitat is considered essential if this species is to survive in the future."
References
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Category:Endemic birds of Venezuela
Category:Critically endangered animals