Caspar Isenmann
{{short description|German painter}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2017}}
{{Infobox artist
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Caspar Isenmann
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| image = Caspar Isenmann 001.jpg
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| birth_date = ca. 1410
| birth_place = probably Colmar
| death_date = 18 January 1472 or between 1484 and 1490
| death_place = Colmar
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| nationality = German
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| known_for = paintings
| notable_works = Altarpiece for St Martin's Church (1462–1465)
| style = Gothic
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Caspar (or Kaspar) Isenmann ({{langx|fr|Gaspard Isenmann}}) was a Gothic painter from Alsace. As the municipal painter{{cite book|last1=Turner|first1=Nicholas|last2=Hendrix|first2=Lee|last3=Plazzotta|first3=Carol|title=European Drawings 3: Catalogue of the Collections|date=1997|publisher=The J. Paul Getty Museum|location=Los Angeles, California|isbn=0-89236-480-7|page=180|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5u80AgAAQBAJ&q=isenmann%2Bmunicipal%2Bcolmar&pg=PA180|accessdate=11 January 2017}} of his hometown Colmar and the creator of a major altarpiece for the prestigious St Martin's Church, he was an important representative of the Upper Rhenish school of painting of the mid-15th century{{cite web|title=Master of the Karlsruhe Passion|url=http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100030479|publisher=oxfordindex.oup.com|accessdate=11 January 2017|quote=Along with Konrad Witz, Caspar Isenmann and the Master E.S., the Master was one of the most significant artists of the Upper Rhine area of this period.}} and a probable master of Martin Schongauer.
Life and work
Isenmann's dates of birth and death are uncertain. He may have been born around 1410.{{cite web|title=Ludwig Schongauer (Biographical details)|url=http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/term_details.aspx?bioId=108159|publisher=britishmuseum.org|accessdate=5 January 2017}} The Unterlinden Museum of his hometown indicates that he was active around 1430 and died between 1484 and 1490;{{cite web|title=Altarpiece for the Collegiate Church of Saint Martin|url=http://www.musee-unterlinden.com/en/collections/middle-ages-and-renaissance/gothique-international-en/retable-de-la-collegiale-saint-martin-de-colmar/|publisher=musee-unterlinden.com|accessdate=6 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170107004552/http://www.musee-unterlinden.com/en/collections/middle-ages-and-renaissance/gothique-international-en/retable-de-la-collegiale-saint-martin-de-colmar/|archive-date=7 January 2017|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}} however the Bibliothèque nationale de France states that Isenmann died on 18 January 1472.{{cite book|title=Isenmann, Kaspar (1410?–1472)|url=http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14969833v|website=Bibliothèque nationale de France|publisher=catalogue.bnf.fr|accessdate=5 January 2017}}
Isenmann was first recorded as a painter in 1432. He decorated the municipal counting board in 1433 and became a burgher of Colmar in 1435 or 1436.{{cite web|title=Isenmann, Caspar|author=Schmitt, Pierre|url=https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz36515.html#ndbcontent|website=Deutsche Biographie|publisher=deutsche-biographie.de|accessdate=6 January 2017}}{{cite web|title=Caspar Isenmann|url=http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/Isenmann/152687|publisher=larousse.fr|accessdate=5 January 2017}} Nothing is known about his teachers but it is assumed that he may have been apprenticed either to Hans Hirtz of Strasbourg or Konrad Witz of Basel; his art also shows the influence of Rogier van der Weyden and his school. After 1450, Isenmann is registered as an alderman (Schöffe) and in 1461, he is one of the main organizers of a Mystery play during Corpus Christi.
In 1462, Isenmann received a commission to paint a set of panels (oil on fir wood) for the high altar of St Martin's Church, Colmar's main place of worship, and he delivered the finished altarpiece in 1465. Seven of these panels, some mutilated, have survived after the altarpiece was dismantled in 1720 and since 1853 have been housed at the Unterlinden Museum. The contract from 1462, detailing the commission of the altarpiece, survives and is kept in the municipal archive of Colmar.{{cite web|title=Vertrag mit dem Maler Caspar Isenmann aus Colmar über die Errichtung einer Altartafel für St. Martin in Colmar.|url=http://www.rdklabor.de/wiki/RDK_Labor:Quellen_und_Materialien#1462|publisher=rdklabor.de|accessdate=6 January 2017}} It was signed on 21 June 1462; the painter was guaranteed a payment of 500 guilder and requested to complete work in two years, i. e. in 1464.{{cite journal|last1=Lorentz|first1=Philippe|title=Histoire de l'art du Moyen Âge occidental|journal=École Pratique des Hautes Études. Section des Sciences Historiques et Philologiques. Livret-Annuaire|year=2011|issue=142|pages=178–182|url=http://ashp.revues.org/1172|publisher=ashp.revues.org|doi=10.4000/ashp.1172|accessdate=6 January 2017|doi-access=free}} It is not known if the delay in the actual delivery did cost the painter anything.
Between 1466 and 1469, Isenmann may have been the teacher of fellow Colmarian, Martin Schongauer, whom he acquainted with van der Weyden's paintings.{{cite web|title=Die Heilige Familie|url=https://www.pinakothek.de/kunst/martin-schongauer/die-heilige-familie|website=Die Pinakotheken|publisher=pinakothek.de|accessdate=6 January 2017}} He is also assumed to have taught Martin's brother Ludwig Schongauer.{{cite book|last1=Ainsworth|first1=Maryan W.|last2=Waterman|first2=Joshua P.|title=German Paintings in The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1350–1600|date=2013|publisher=The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York|location=New York City, USA|isbn=978-1-58839-487-3|page=328|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SZD3KnL4b4EC&q=isenmann+schongauer&pg=PA328}}
A house in 34, rue des Marchands in Colmar bears the inscription "Zum grienen hus, 1435. Ancienne demeure du maître-peintre Caspar Isenmann" (At the green house, 1435, former dwelling of the master painter Caspar Isenmann).{{cite web|title=Street view of 34, rue des Marchands, Colmar, France, July 2014|url=https://www.google.com/maps/@48.0767021,7.3580228,3a,42.8y,211.73h,87.07t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1s4TVy9i97Z5xI9MfHW4DWXg!2e0!7i13312!8i6656|accessdate=7 January 2017}}
See also
- Jost Haller, Isenmann's colleague from Strasbourg
Gallery
File:Gaspard Isenmann, L’Entrée du Christ à Jérusalem, La Dernière Cène.jpg|Triumphal entry into Jerusalem; Last Supper (details from the Colmar Altarpiece)
File:Isenmann, Colmar Altarpiece (Arrest of Jesus).jpg|Arrest of Jesus (detail from the Colmar Altarpiece)
File:Isenmann, Colmar Altarpiece (Flagellation).jpg|Flagellation of Christ (detail from the Colmar Altarpiece)
File:Isenmann, Colmar Altarpiece (Crowning with Thorns).jpg|The Crown of thorns (detail from the Colmar Altarpiece)
File:UnterlindenRésurrection.png|Resurrection of Jesus (detail from the Colmar Altarpiece). The mutilation of the panel can most clearly be seen at the lower right.
References
{{reflist|30em}}
External links
{{Commons category-inline|Caspar Isenmann}}
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