Cat Hills volcanic field
{{short description|Volcanic field in New Mexico, US}}
{{Infobox mountain
| name = Cat Hills volcanic Field
| photo = Los Lunas volcano, Los Lunas NM.jpg
| photo_caption = Los Lunas volcano
| elevation_m = 1750
| prominence =
| location = New Mexico, United States
| range =
| coordinates = {{coord|34.83|N|106.83|W|type:mountain_region:US|display=inline,title}}
| topo =
| type = volcanic field
| age =
| volcanic_arc/belt = Rio Grande Rift{{cite web
| title = Cat Hills Volcanic Field
| work = New Mexico Volcano Directory
| publisher = New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science
| url = http://nmnaturalhistory.org/albuquerque-cat-hills-volcanic-field.html
| accessdate = 2013-01-04
| url-status = dead
| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20150912004255/http://nmnaturalhistory.org/albuquerque-cat-hills-volcanic-field.html
| archivedate = 2015-09-12
}}
| last_eruption = c. 140,000 years ago
}}
Cat Hills volcanic field is a monogenetic volcanic field located in New Mexico, US.{{cite book |last1=Kelley |first1=Vincent C. |last2=Kudo |first2=A.M. |title=Volcanoes and related basalts of Albuquerque Basin, New Mexico |date=1978 |publisher=New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources |location=Socorro, N.M. |isbn=1-883905-06-0 |url=https://geoinfo.nmt.edu/publications/monographs/circulars/downloads/156/Circular-156.pdf |accessdate=19 November 2020}}
Description
The field consists of the Cat Hills cones and flows, Wind Mesa,{{sfn|Kelley|Kudo|1978|p=27}} and Isleta volcano and Los Lunas volcano. These are located in close proximity to each other, but show a diversity of compositions and ages.
The oldest volcano of the field is Isleta volcano, which is located about {{convert|2|mi|km|sp=us}} west of Isleta Pueblo. I-25 crosses its eastern flank. The volcano has a K-Ar age of 2.78 Ma. Isleta volcano is a cone built over a maar, and consists of alkali olivine basalt.{{sfn|Kelley|Kudo|1978|pp=15-18}}
Los Lunas volcano is located on the eastern escarpment of Ceja Mesa, about {{convert|4|mi|km|sp=us}} west of Los Lunas. It shows evidence that flows cascaded from the vent down the escarpment, showing that the volcano is younger than the escarpment. The lavas have been dated at 1.1 to 1.3 Ma based on K-Ar dating, which constrains the age of the Ceja surface and the Ceja Formation. The position on the escarpment means that the peak is imposing viewed from the east (with an apparent topographic prominence of {{convert|1100|feet|m|sp=us}}) but much less so viewed from the west, where the apparent topographic prominence is just {{convert|250|feet|m|sp=us}}. The volcano is composed of andesite erupted from two closely spaced vents.{{sfn|Kelley|Kudo|1978|pp=21-23}}
The youngest volcanoes of the field are the Cat Hills themselves, which form a chain of 23 cinder cones following a hidden fissure that strikes just east of north. The fissure also erupted extensive flows, covering an area of about {{convert|26|sqmi|km2|sp=us}}. The cinder cones range in size from {{convert|500|feet|m|sp=us}} in diameter and {{convert|70|feet|m|sp=us}} tall to {{convert|100|feet|m|sp=us}} in diameter and {{convert|20|feet|m|sp=us}} tall. All show summit craters and are obviously young. They have been mined extensively for cinder, with one cone quarried completely away by 1978. K-Ar dating gives an age of 0.14 Ma. All are composed of alkali olivine basalt similar to that of Isleta volcano.{{sfn|Kelley|Kudo|1978|pp=18-20}}
Wind Mesa is undated but seems to lie just east of the same fissure zone as the Cat Hills and about {{convert|6|mi|km|sp=us}} west of Isleta volcano. The mesa is truncated by faults on both the west and east sides, and is composed of an olivine-bearing basaltic andesite.{{sfn|Kelley|Kudo|1978|pp=18}}
Notable vents
| class="wikitable"
! Name !!Elevation !! Coordinates !! Last eruption | |||
| class="vcard" align="right"
| align="left" class="fn org"| Isleta volcano{{cite book | last = Wood | first = Charles A. |author2=Jűrgen Kienle | title = Volcanoes of North America | publisher = Cambridge University Press | year = 1993 | pages = 303 | isbn = 0-521-43811-X }} | {{convert|5387|feet|m|abbr=on}} | {{coord|34.919|N|106.728|W|display:inline}} | 2.78 Ma |
| class="vcard" align="right"
| align="left" class="fn org"| Wind Mesa | {{convert|200|feet|m|abbr=on}} | {{coord|34.928|N|106.848|W|display:inline}} | - |
| class="vcard" align="right"
| align="left" class="fn org"| Los Lunas volcano | {{convert|5955|feet|m|abbr=on}} | {{coord|34.799|N|106.797|W|display:inline}} | 1.1-1.3 Ma |
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- {{cite gvp|name=Cat Hills|vn=327815|access-date=2021-06-28}}
Category:Volcanic fields of New Mexico