Catatos

File:Edible insects of Northern Angola (10.3897-afrinvertebr.58.21083) Figure 2.jpg, Imbrasia epimethea, Imbrasia obscura, Imbrasia truncata.]]

The consumption of insects is an ancient indigenous tradition in many parts of the world, including southern Africa, due to their high nutritious value.{{Cite journal|last1=Hlongwane|first1=Zabentungwa T.|last2=Slotow|first2=Rob|last3=Munyai|first3=Thinandavha C.|date=2020-12-31|title=Indigenous Knowledge about Consumption of Edible Insects in South Africa|journal=Insects|volume=12|issue=1|pages=22|doi=10.3390/insects12010022|issn=2075-4450|pmc=7824724|pmid=33396313|doi-access=free}}{{Cite journal|last1=Kouřimská|first1=Lenka|last2=Adámková|first2=Anna|date=2016-10-01|title=Nutritional and sensory quality of edible insects|journal=NFS Journal|language=en|volume=4|pages=22–26|doi=10.1016/j.nfs.2016.07.001|issn=2352-3646|doi-access=free}} A number of edible insects, including caterpillars and other larvae, are eaten in the Uíge Province of Angola where they play a substantial role in rural diet.{{Cite journal|last1=Lautenschläger|first1=Thea|last2=Neinhuis|first2=Christoph|last3=Monizi|first3=Mawunu|last4=Mandombe|first4=José Lau|last5=Förster|first5=Anke|last6=Henle|first6=Thomas|last7=Nuss|first7=Matthias|date=2017-12-08|title=Edible insects of Northern Angola|journal=African Invertebrates|volume=58|issue=2|pages=55–82|doi=10.3897/afrinvertebr.58.21083|issn=2305-2562|doi-access=free}} Of these, the mopane worm (Gonimbrasia belina), a type of caterpillar, is one of the most widely consumed species.{{Cite journal|last1=Illgner|first1=Peter|last2=Nel|first2=Etienne|date=2000|title=The Geography of Edible Insects in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Study of the Mopane Caterpillar|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/823035|journal=The Geographical Journal|volume=166|issue=4|pages=336–351|doi=10.1111/j.1475-4959.2000.tb00035.x|jstor=823035|issn=0016-7398|doi-access=free}} Approximately 9.5 billion mopane worms are harvested yearly in southern Africa.{{Cite web|date=2020-08-18|title=Putting edible insects on the menu|url=https://pressoffice.mg.co.za/northwestuniversity/content/KBpdg7pzXAWqLEew|access-date=2022-02-22|website=Mail & Guardian|language=en}} Other caterpillar species traditionally eaten in Angola include the larvae of the Imbrasia epimethea,{{Cite journal|last1=Lautenschläger|first1=Thea|last2=Neinhuis|first2=Christoph|last3=Kikongo|first3=Eduardo|last4=Henle|first4=Thomas|last5=Förster|first5=Anke|date=2017-05-01|title=Impact of different preparations on the nutritional value of the edible caterpillar Imbrasia epimethea from northern Angola|url=https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-016-2791-0|journal=European Food Research and Technology|language=en|volume=243|issue=5|pages=769–778|doi=10.1007/s00217-016-2791-0|s2cid=88723134|issn=1438-2385}} Imbrasia ertli and Usta terpsichore.{{Cite journal|last1=Oliveira|first1=J. F. Santos|last2=de Carvalho|first2=J. Passos|last3=de Sousa|first3=R. F. X. Bruno|last4=Simão|first4=M. Madalena|date=1976-01-01|title=The nutritional value of four species of insects consumed in Angola|url=https://doi.org/10.1080/03670244.1976.9990450|journal=Ecology of Food and Nutrition|volume=5|issue=2|pages=91–97|doi=10.1080/03670244.1976.9990450|issn=0367-0244}}

Traditional methods of gathering and preparation vary depending on the species. Children are often sent to gather them from the trees, while adults gather them in the fields. Sometimes, trees may be cut down and split to gather the caterpillars inside. Caterpillars are washed in water, and their digestive tract may be removed as part of the cleaning process. Urticating hairs are singed off, if present. Catatos, a traditional Uíge dish, is made by frying caterpillars with garlic.

The caterpillars are fried together with garlic. Other ingredients, such as onion, tomatoes and pepper may be added for flavoring. The caterpillars take on a tender yet crunchy texture,{{Cite web|title=Catatos {{!}} Traditional Insect Dish From Uíge Province {{!}} TasteAtlas|url=https://www.tasteatlas.com/catatos|access-date=2022-02-22|website=www.tasteatlas.com}} and their taste has been compared to prawns. It is usually served over funge. Hot sauce may also be added.

Caterpillars are high in protein, vitamins and minerals, including iron.{{Cite journal|last=Huis|first=A. van|date=September 2003|title=Insects as Food in sub-Saharan Africa|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/international-journal-of-tropical-insect-science/article/abs/insects-as-food-in-subsaharan-africa/D4ED5C530A2601FA08AF4F2FBE50BE83|journal=International Journal of Tropical Insect Science|language=en|volume=23|issue=3|pages=163–185|doi=10.1017/S1742758400023572|s2cid=198497332 |issn=0191-9040}} A study published in 2017 found that Imbrasia epimethea larvae had a comparable amount of protein to tuna, chicken and beef, but lower levels of essential amino acids. They are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids. The study also found that cooking did not significantly impact nutritional value, making them a viable alternative to traditional meats. Mopane caterpillars have 31 mg of iron per 100 mg of dry weight, compared to 6 mg of iron per 100 mg of dry weight for beef.{{Cite web|author1=Marc Lallanilla|date=2014-03-06|title=7 Insects You'll Be Eating in the Future|url=https://www.livescience.com/43901-eating-insects-bugs-entomophagy.html|access-date=2022-02-22|website=livescience.com|language=en}}

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Category:Angolan cuisine

Category:Insect dishes