Caucalis

{{short description|Genus of plants}}

{{Speciesbox

|image = Illustration Caucalis platycarpos cleaned more.jpg

|image_caption = Botanical illustration

|display_parents = 4

|genus = Caucalis

|parent_authority = L.

|species = platycarpos

|authority = L.

|synonyms_ref = [http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2705953 The Plant List, Caucalis platycarpos L. ]

|synonyms =

{{collapsible list|bullets = true

|title=

|Ageomoron royenii (L.) Raf.

|Caucalis lappula Grande

|Caucalis latifolia Lam. 1779 not (L.) L. 1768

|Caucalis linearifolia Req. ex DC.

|Caucalis queraltii Sennen

|Caucalis royenii (L.) Crantz

|Caucalis tenuifolia Salisb.

|Conium royenii L.

|Daucus caucalis E.H.L.Krause

|Daucus lappula Weber

|Daucus platycarpos Scop.

|Daucus royenii (L.) Baill.

|Orlaya platycarpos (L.) W.D.J.Koch

|}}}}

Caucalis platycarpos is a species of flowering plant in the family Apiaceae, the only member of the genus Caucalis. Common names are carrot bur parsley,{{PLANTS|id=CAPL11|taxon=Caucalis platycarpos|accessdate=11 January 2016}} small bur-parsley,{{BSBI 2007 |accessdate=2014-10-17 }} and burr parsley.{{cite journal | pmid = 23881052 | doi=10.3390/molecules18078666 | volume=18 | issue=7 | title=Phenolic content and antioxidant activities of burr parsley (Caucalis platycarpos L.) | journal=Molecules | pages=8666–81 | last1 = Plazonić | first1 = A | last2 = Mornar | first2 = A | last3 = Maleš | first3 = Ž | last4 = Kujundžić | first4 = N| year=2013 | pmc = 6269816 | doi-access=free }} It is native to Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East as far east as Iran.[http://www.tela-botanica.org/bdtfx-nn-14897-synthese Tela Botanica, Caucalis à feuilles de carotte, Caucalis platycarpos L.] in French with photo and French distribution map[http://luirig.altervista.org/flora/taxa/index1.php?scientific-name=caucalis+platycarpos Altervista Flora Italiana, Lappola carota, Kletten-Haftdolde, piggkörvel, Caucalis platycarpos L.]

Description

Caucalis platycarpos is an annual up to {{convert|40|cm}} tall with trailing stems. Leaves are highly divided into many small leaflets. Flowers are produced in an umbel of 2 to 5 flowers, each with white or pink petals. The fruit is an oblong capsule with many hooked spines on the surface.[http://www.unavarra.es/herbario/htm/Cauc_plat.htm Herbario de la Universidad Pública de Navarra, Flora Arvense de Navarra, familia Umbelliferae, Caucalis platycarpos L.] in Spanish, with photos

{{gallery|mode=packed

|Caucalis platycarpos1 eF.jpg|Foliage

|Caucalis platycarpos (H. Brisse) 03.jpg|Flowers close-up

|Caucalis platycarpos (H. Brisse) 05.jpg|Fruit close-up

}}

Distribution and habitat

It is distributed in southwest Asia, North Africa and most of central and Southern Europe; almost all of the Iberian Peninsula.

It is found in crop fields, fallows and nitrophilous grasslands. Preferably in basic substrates at an altitude of 100-1000 (1600) meters. Flowering occurs in March-June (July) and fruiting in May-August.

References

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