Cazneaux Tree
{{Short description|Famous tree in South Australia}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2023}}
{{Use Australian English|date=February 2023}}
{{Infobox historic site
| name = Cazneaux Tree
| image = CSIRO ScienceImage 4682 Casneauxs Tree with the ramparts of Wilpena Pound in the background Flinders Ranges SA 1992.jpg
| caption = In 1992
| locmapin = South Australia
| map_caption = Location in South Australia
| coordinates = {{coord|-31.520344|138.637187|format=dms|region:AU-SA_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}{{cite web|title=Search result for "Cazneaux Tree" with the following layers selected - "NPW and Conservation Properties", "Suburbs and Localities" and "Gazetteer" |url= http://location.sa.gov.au/viewer/?map=roads&x=138.73429&y=-31.5424&z=11&uids=41,19,105&pinx=138.638500&piny=-31.518870&pinTitle=Location&pinText=Cazneaux+Tree,+Tree |work=Location SA Map Viewer | publisher= Government of South Australia |accessdate =28 December 2018}}
| location = Flinders Ranges, South Australia, Australia within the Ikara-Flinders Ranges National Park.
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File:Spirit_of_endurance_1937.jpg
File:Cazneaux Tree - Flinders Ranges - South Australia (Explored).jpg
The Cazneaux Tree, also known as Cazneaux's Tree, is a Eucalyptus camaldulensis or river red gum that was made famous by the photographer Harold Cazneaux. It is in the Australian state of South Australia in the locality of Flinders Ranges near Wilpena Pound.{{cite web|url=http://anpsa.org.au/APOL21/mar01-1a.html|title=Cazneaux Tree|accessdate=25 December 2017 |publisher=Australian Native Plants Society}}{{cite web|url=http://www.australia.gov.au/about-australia/australian-story/eucalypts|title=Eucalypts|accessdate=25 December 2017|publisher=Australian Government|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171224153253/http://www.australia.gov.au/about-australia/australian-story/eucalypts|archive-date=24 December 2017|url-status=dead}} The tree is located within the boundaries of the Ikara-Flinders Ranges National Park on the west side of the Flinders Ranges Way about {{convert|3|km}} north-east of the Wilpena Pound Resort.{{cite web |title=Ikara - Flinders Ranges National Park: Wilpena Pound (map) |url=https://www.parks.sa.gov.au/files/sharedassets/parks/parks/flinders-ranges-outback/ikara-flinders-ranges-national-park/ikara_flinders_ranges_np_wilpena_optimised.pdf |publisher=Government of South Australia |accessdate=29 December 2018}}
The tree was listed by the National Trust of South Australia as significant tree number 239 on the trust's Register of Significant Trees because of "its outstanding aesthetic beauty".{{cite web|title=Significant Tree 239: Cazneaux’s Tree, Flinders Ranges|publisher=National Trust South Australia |url=http://www.nationaltrust.org.au/sa/significant-tree-239-cazneauxs-tree-flinders-ranges|accessdate=25 December 2017|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130906122751/http://www.nationaltrust.org.au/sa/significant-tree-239-cazneauxs-tree-flinders-ranges|archivedate=6 September 2013}}
The tree was photographed in 1937 by Cazneaux in a picture entitled The Spirit of Endurance{{cite web|url=https://www.southaustralianhistory.com.au/trees.htm|title=Famous South Australian Trees|accessdate=25 December 2016|publisher=Flinders Range Research}} which brought him international recognition. The tree is now an important landmark and a tourist drawcard for the area, attracting photographers and artists.{{cite web|url=http://www.travelling-australia.info/CollFlindersranges/APics3B.html|title=Cazneaux Tree|accessdate=25 December 2017|publisher=Travelling Australia|date=8 May 2009}}
With a height of {{convert|29|m|ft|0}} and a circumference at the base of {{convert|11.4|m|ft|0}}{{cite web|url=http://www.dn.com.au/Big_Famous_Trees_gallery/pages/Cazneaux-Tree-Eucalyptus-camaldulensis-red-gum.html|title=Big and Famous Trees gallery|author=Dean Nicolle|accessdate=25 December 2017|publisher=Currency Creek Arboretum}} the tree dominates the otherwise flat arid plateau{{cite web|url=https://www.weekendnotes.com/cazneauxs-tree-flinders-ranges/|title=Cazneaux's Tree @ Flinders Ranges|author=Paula McManus|work=Weekend Notes|date=9 September 2013|accessdate=25 December 2017}} composed primarily of grasslands.
A plaque funded by Cazneaux's grandson, Dick Smith, was placed at the site in 1991.{{cite web|url=https://www.adelaidebushwalkers.org/blog/the-cazneaux-tree/|title=The Cazneaux Tree|accessdate=25 December 2017|publisher=Adelaide Bushwalkers|author=Arthur Ward|date=16 May 2016}}