Cecilioides acicula

{{Short description|Species of gastropod}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2013}}

{{Speciesbox

| image = Cecilioides acicula.jpg

| image_caption = Two fresh shells of Cecilioides acicula, the scale bar is in millimeters

| taxon = Cecilioides acicula

| authority = (O. F. Müller, 1774)Müller, O. F. 1774. Vermivm terrestrium et fluviatilium, seu animalium infusoriorum, helminthicorum, et testaceorum, non marinorum, succincta historia. Volumen alterum. - pp. I-XXVI [= 1-36], 1-214, [1-10]. Havniæ & Lipsiæ. (Heineck & Faber).

| synonyms = Caecilianella acicula (Müller)

}}

Cecilioides acicula, common name the "blind snail" or "blind awlsnail", is a species of very small, air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Ferussaciidae.{{cite web|last=Marshall|first= B. |year=2014|title= Ceciliodes acicula (O. F. Müller, 1774)|website= World Register of Marine Species at |url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=819998 |accessdate=2014-11-06}}

This is a subterranean species.

Description

This animal is white, there are two pairs of tentacles, but eyes are lacking.Adam, W. 1960. Mollusques. Faune de Belgique, Tome 1, mollusques terrestres et dulcicoles. Bruxelles: Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. 402 pp., 4 pl.

The shell is long and narrow, up to a maximum of 5.5 mm and a width of 1.2 mm.M.P. Kerney and R.A.D. Cameron, 1979, A Field Guide to the Land Snails of Britain and North-west Europe. Collins, London, {{ISBN|0-00-219676-X}} The shell is colorless, glassy and transparent when it is fresh, a somewhat opaque milky-white when it is not fresh.

Habitat

The habitat of this species is underground, quite some distance below the surface. It is more common in soils with a high level of calcium.

Because of its subterranean habitat, this species is often found only as an empty shell, in such places as mole hills, ant hills, or in flood debris of rivers.

Distribution

Distribution of this species is central European and southern European.{{in lang|sk}} Lisický M. J. (1991). [https://archive.org/details/MolluscaSlovenska Mollusca Slovenska]. [The Slovak molluscs]. VEDA vydavateľstvo Slovenskej akadémie vied, Bratislava, 344 pp.

This species native range is Mediterranean Europe, specifically, Western Europe (Great Britain and Ireland,{{cite web|last=Anderson|first= R.|year= 2005|title= An Annotated List of the Non-Marine Mollusca of Britain and Ireland (InvertebrateIreland Online, Ulster Museum, Belfast and National Museum of Ireland, Dublin)|url= http://www.habitas.org.uk/InvertebrateIreland/species.asp?item=4173|accessdate=26 August 2008}} Netherlands,{{cite web|url=http://www.anemoon.org/anm/voorlopige-kaarten/kaarten-per-soort/landmollusken/wetenschappelijk/cecilioides-acicula|title=Anemoon > Flora en Fauna > Soorteninformatie|website=www.anemoon.org|accessdate= 27 August 2008}} …) and Central Europe (Czech Republic - least concern (LC),Juřičková L., Horsák M. & Beran L., 2001: Check-list of the molluscs (Mollusca) of the Czech Republic. Acta Soc. Zool. Bohem., 65: 25-40. Poland, Slovakia, UkraineBalashov I. & Gural-Sverlova N. 2012. An annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs of Ukraine. Journal of Conchology. 41 (1): 91-109. …).

It has also been accidentally introduced to several other countries:

  • Latvia since 2006Šteffek J., Stalažs A. & Dreijers E., 2008: [http://mollusca.sav.sk/pdf/7/7.Steffek2.pdf Snail fauna of the oldest cemeteries from Riga (Latvia)]. – Malacologica Bohemoslovaca, 7: 79–80. Online serial at 29-September-2008.
  • Bermuda since 1861Bieler, R. & Slapcinsky, J. 2000. A case study for development of an island fauna: recent terrestrial mollusks of Bermuda. Nemouria No. 44:1-99.
  • Canada: OntarioForsyth, R.G., M.J. Oldham, & F.W. Schueler. 2008. Mollusca, Gastropoda, Ellobiidae, Carychium minimum, and Ferussaciidae, Cecilioides acicula: distribution extension and first provincial records of two introduced land snails in Ontario, Canada. Check List 4(4): 449–452. [https://doi.org/10.15560/4.4.449]
  • The United States (in Pennsylvania and in Florida,Pilsbry, H.A. 1946. Land Mollusca of North America (north of Mexico). Volume 2, part 1. Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia. in Maryland since 1959,Grimm, W. 1959. Land snails of Carroll County, Maryland. Nautilus 72:122-127. in Virginia since 2006,{{cite web|url=http://snailstales.blogspot.com/2007/03/cecilioides-acicula-tiny-invader-from.html |first=Aydın |last=Örstan |date=2007|title= A new record of Cecilioides acicula from North America (Pulmonata: Ferussaciidae). Triton, March 2007, no 15, page 38}} in California, in New Jersey and in New Mexicoà{{cite web |website=www.natureserve.org |date=26 August 2008 |url=http://www.natureserve.org/explorer/servlet/NatureServe?sourceTemplate=tabular_report.wmt&loadTemplate=species_RptComprehensive.wmt&selectedReport=RptComprehensive.wmt&summaryView=tabular_report.wmt&elKey=117280&paging=home&save=true&startIndex=1&nextStartIndex=1&reset=false&offPageSelectedElKey=117280&offPageSelectedElType=species&offPageYesNo=true&post_processes=&radiobutton=radiobutton&selectedIndexes=117280 |title=Comprehensive Report Species - Cecilioides acicula |access-date=26 August 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080928163733/http://www.natureserve.org/explorer/servlet/NatureServe?sourceTemplate=tabular_report.wmt&loadTemplate=species_RptComprehensive.wmt&selectedReport=RptComprehensive.wmt&summaryView=tabular_report.wmt&elKey=117280&paging=home&save=true&startIndex=1&nextStartIndex=1&reset=false&offPageSelectedElKey=117280&offPageSelectedElType=species&offPageYesNo=true&post_processes=&radiobutton=radiobutton&selectedIndexes=117280 |archive-date=28 September 2008 |url-status=dead }}
  • New Zealand.Barker, G.M. 1999. Naturalised terrestrial Stylommatophora (Mollusca: Gastropoda). Fauna of New Zealand. No. 38. Manaaki Whenua Press.
  • Australia.Bonham K (2005) Cecilioides acicula (Muller 1774) (Pulmonata: Ferussaciidae), a burrowing land snail introduced into Tasmania. Tasmanian Naturalist 127:42-44

References

{{Reflist}}

  • Spencer, H.G., Marshall, B.A. & Willan, R.C. (2009). Checklist of New Zealand living Mollusca. pp 196–219 in Gordon, D.P. (ed.) New Zealand inventory of biodiversity. Volume one. Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia. Canterbury University Press, Christchurch.