Cenocell
{{short description|Concrete material using fly ash in place of cement}}
Cenocell is a patented concrete-like structural material that is manufactured without the addition of Portland cement.{{ cite patent | country = US | number = 8057594 | status = patent| title = High strength pozzolan foam materials and methods of making the same | pubdate = 2011-11-15 | grate = | fdate = 2008-06-19 | date = | pridate = 2007 -06-19 | invent1 = Mulalo Doyoyo | invent2 = Paul Biju-Duval | assign1 = Georgia Tech Res Inst}} It was invented by Mulalo Doyoyo at the Georgia Institute of Technology.{{Cite web |last=Toon |first=John |title=New Material Provides Strong and Lightweight Alternative to Concrete – without Cement |url=https://gtresearchnews.gatech.edu/newsrelease/coal-ash.htm |access-date=2023-02-21 |website=gtresearchnews.gatech.edu}}{{Cite web |last=Yende |first=Sizwe Sama |title=Innovator loses out to Chinese because 'they are also black' |url=https://www.news24.com/citypress/business/innovator-loses-out-to-chinese-because-they-are-also-black-20200109 |access-date=2021-09-27 |website=Citypress |language=en-US}}
Cenocell is produced from a chemical reaction involving fly ash or bottom ash and various organic chemicals. The chemical reaction produces foaming, and results in grey slurry that resembles bread dough. The mixture is then cured in ovens at temperatures near 100°C. The result is a homogenous mixture with a high strength and low weight.{{Cite web |title=Ashes to Cenocell |url=https://www.theengineer.co.uk/content/news/ashes-to-cenocell/ |access-date=2023-02-21 |website=The Engineer |date=27 November 2008 |language=en}}