Center for Open Science

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| url = {{URL|https://cos.io/}}, {{URL|https://osf.io/}}

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The Center for Open Science is a non-profit technology organization based in Charlottesville, Virginia with a mission to "increase the openness, integrity, and reproducibility of scientific research."{{cite web|title=Center for Open Science|url=https://docs.google.com/document/d/1HWJxPkyuMo49uzhEsvK5HxhyrSFR3Ys625NqHY3zmsk|work=Business Plan|accessdate=11 July 2013|date=January 2013}} Brian Nosek and Jeffrey Spies founded the organization in January 2013, funded mainly by the Laura and John Arnold Foundation and others.{{Cite web|url=https://cos.io/about/our-sponsors/|title=Our Sponsors|website=cos.io|language=en|access-date=2017-03-16}}

The organization began with work in reproducibility of psychology research, with the large-scale initiative Reproducibility Project: Psychology.{{cite web|title=Center for Open Science|url=http://www.centerforopenscience.org/|accessdate=11 July 2013}}{{cite news|title=New Center for Open Science Designed to Increase Research Transparency, Provide Free Technologies for Scientists|url=http://news.virginia.edu/content/new-center-open-science-designed-increase-research-transparency-provide-free-technologies|accessdate=11 July 2013|newspaper=UVA Today|date=4 March 2013|author=University of Virginia}}{{cite news|last=Bohannon|first=John|title=Psychologists Launch a Bare-All Research Initiative|url=http://news.sciencemag.org/scienceinsider/2013/03/psychologists-launch-a-bare-all-.html|accessdate=11 July 2013|newspaper=Science Magazine|date=5 March 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130511064814/http://news.sciencemag.org/scienceinsider/2013/03/psychologists-launch-a-bare-all-.html|archive-date=2013-05-11|url-status=dead}} A second reproducibility project for cancer biology research has also been started through a partnership with Science Exchange.{{cite web|title=Reproducibility Initiative Receives $1.3M Grant to Validate 50 Landmark Cancer Studies|url=http://centerforopenscience.org/pr/2013-10-16/?_ga=1.71166102.780082167.1413879011|accessdate=29 January 2015|archive-date=2015-01-29|archive-url=https://archive.today/20150129183108/http://centerforopenscience.org/pr/2013-10-16/?_ga=1.71166102.780082167.1413879011|url-status=dead}} In March 2017, the Center published a detailed strategic plan.{{Cite news|url=https://docs.google.com/document/d/1sqz3appQ73vqa6fP1Gy8KK8HZpotoSGaiJC1XQuvREI/edit|title=COS: Strategic Plan, v2.0|work=Google Docs|access-date=2017-03-16|language=en}} Brian Nosek posted a letter outlining the history of the Center and future directions.{{Cite web|url=https://cos.io/brief-history-cos-2013-2017/|title=A Brief History of COS 2013-2017|website=cos.io|language=en|access-date=2017-03-16}}

In 2020, the Center received a grant from Fast Grants to promote the publication of COVID-19 research on the platform.{{Cite web |title=Fast Grants |url=https://fastgrants.org/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20211223005332/https://fastgrants.org/ |archive-date=2021-12-23 |access-date=2023-05-21 |website=Fast Grants |language=en}}

In 2021, the Center for Open Science was honored with the {{ill|Einstein Foundation Award for Promoting Quality in Research|de|Einstein Foundation Award}} in the institutional category for their contribution to fostering research integrity and to improving transparency and accessibility.{{cite web |title=Einstein Foundation Award Recipients and Finalists: Center for Open Science |url=https://www.einsteinfoundation.de/en/award/recipients-and-finalists/recipients-2021/center-for-open-science/ |website=Einstein Foundation Berlin |access-date=May 10, 2023}}

Open Science Framework

= Reproducibility project =

The Open Science Framework (OSF) is an open source software project that facilitates open collaboration in science research. The framework was initially used to work on a project in the reproducibility of psychology research,{{cite news|last=Estes|first=Sarah|title=The Myth of Self-Correcting Science|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2012/12/the-myth-of-self-correcting-science/266228/|accessdate=11 July 2013|newspaper=The Atlantic|date=20 Dec 2012}}{{cite journal|last=Yong|first=Ed|date=16 May 2012|title=Replication studies: Bad copy|journal=Nature|volume=485 |issue=7398 |pages=298–300 |doi=10.1038/485298a |pmid=22596136 |s2cid=4321991 |doi-access=free|bibcode=2012Natur.485..298Y }} but has subsequently become multidisciplinary.{{Cite web|title=OSF {{!}} Home|url=https://osf.io/|access-date=2017-04-01|website=osf.io|language=en}} The current reproducibility aspect of the project is a crowdsourced empirical investigation of the reproducibility of a variety of studies from psychological literature, sampling from three major journals: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Psychological Science, and Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition. Scientists volunteer to replicate a study of their choosing from these journals, and follow a structured protocol for designing and conducting a high-powered replication of the key effect. The results were published in 2015.{{Cite journal | last1 = Open Science Collaboration | title = Estimating the reproducibility of Psychological Science | doi = 10.1126/science.aac4716 | journal = Science | volume = 349 | issue = 6251 | pages = aac4716 | year = 2015 | pmid=26315443| hdl = 10722/230596 | s2cid = 218065162 | url = http://eprints.keele.ac.uk/877/1/Open%20Science%20%28Science%20Pre-Print%29.pdf | hdl-access = free }}

= Preprints =

In 2016, OSF started three new preprint services: engrXiv, SocArXiv, and (with the Society for the Improvement of Psychological Science) PsyArXiv.{{cite web|last1=Kelly|first1=Jane|date=8 December 2016|title=Psychology Professor Releases Free, Open-Source, Preprint Software|url=https://news.virginia.edu/content/psychology-professor-releases-free-open-source-preprint-software|accessdate=16 July 2018|website=UVA Today|language=en}} It subsequently opened its own preprint server in 2017, OSF Preprints.{{Cite web|title=OSF Preprints|url=https://osf.io/preprints/|access-date=2018-03-27|website=cos.io|language=en}} Its unified search function includes preprints from OSF Preprints, alongside those from other servers such as Preprints.org, Thesis Commons, PeerJ, and multiple ArXiv repositories.{{Cite web|title=Search preprints|url=https://osf.io/preprints/discover|url-status=live|access-date=2021-02-26|website=osf.io|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170214181541/https://osf.io/preprints/discover |archive-date=2017-02-14 }}