Cerambyx cerdo

{{Short description|Species of beetle}}

{{Speciesbox

| image = Cerambyx cerdo (couple).jpg

| image_caption = Male (left) and Female (right)

| status = VU

| status_system = IUCN3.1

| status_ref = {{cite iucn |author=World Conservation Monitoring Centre |date=1996 |title=Cerambyx cerdo |volume=1996 |page=e.T4166A10503380 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T4166A10503380.en |access-date=15 November 2021}}

| taxon = Cerambyx cerdo

| authority = Linnaeus, 1758

| range_map = Cerambyx cerdo distribution.png

| range_map_caption = European distribution of C. cerdo

| synonyms =

• Cerambyx acuminatus
• Hammaticherus pfisteri

}}

Cerambyx cerdo, commonly known as the great capricorn beetle or cerambyx longicorn, is a species of beetle in family Cerambycidae. It occurs in North Africa (Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia), Europe (Austria, Belarus, Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, North Macedonia, France, Georgia, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Moldova, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and Ukraine), and Asia (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran, and Turkey).

The beetle was previously present in the United Kingdom but went locally extinct at least hundreds of years ago. Preserved specimens have been found in the UK, having been dated to around 4000 years old.{{cite web|title=Out of the woodwork: the great capricorn beetle|first=Emily|last=Osterloff|url=https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/great-capricorn-beetle.html|publisher=Natural History Museum|website=nhm.ac.uk|access-date=28 January 2021}}{{cite web|title=Bog beetles finally reveal their remarkable age|first=Jonathan|last=Amos|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-55827408|publisher=BBC News|website=bbc.co.uk|date=28 January 2021|access-date=28 January 2021}} It has been recorded in the UK since, but this believed to be because of accidental human introduction due to wood transport.{{Cite book |last=Twinn |first=P F G |url=https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/8095/1/Longhorn_Beetles.pdf |title=Provisional atlas of the longhorn-beetles (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) of Britain |last2=Harding |first2=P T |publisher=Natural Environment Research Council |year=1999 |pages=20–1}}