Cerro Chato#The Plebiscite of Cerro Chato of 1927

{{Infobox settlement

| official_name = Cerro Chato

| other_name =

| settlement_type = Town

| image_skyline = Parroquia_Sagrado_Corazón_y_Club_Democrático.jpg

| imagesize =

| image_caption = Parish Sagrado Corazón & Club Democrático.

| pushpin_map = Uruguay

| pushpin_label_position = right

| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Uruguay

| subdivision_type = Country

| subdivision_name = {{flag|Uruguay}}

| subdivision_type1 = Departments

| subdivision_name1 = Durazno Department
Florida Department
Treinta y Tres Department

| leader_title =

| leader_name =

| established_title =

| established_date =

| area_total_km2 =

| population_as_of = 2011

| population_total = 3227

| population_density_km2 =

| timezone = UTC -3

| coordinates = {{coord|33|6|0|S|55|8|0|W|region:UY-TT|display=inline,title}}

| elevation_m = 244

| postal_code_type = Postal code

| postal_code = 30204

| area_code_type = Dial plan

| area_code = +598 4466 (+4 digits)

| website =

| footnotes = 3 ISO codes: UY-DU, UY-FD, UY-TT

}}

Cerro Chato ({{IPA|es|ˈsero ˈtʃato|local}}, Plain Hill) is a town in central Uruguay that is divided in three parts belonging to Durazno Department, Florida Department, and Treinta y Tres Department.

Geography

The town is located along Route 7, northeast by road from Valentines and southwest of Santa Clara de Olimar. It is located close to the source of the Yí River.

History

The town was founded based on extensive livestock farming in the area. In the 19th century, the area of Cerro Chato was a point of passage for postilions, stagecoaches and troops of cattle destined for other regions of Uruguay. In 1908, the national railroad reached the town, which turned it into a point from where cattle could be transported nationwide.{{Cite journal |date=2018-12-12 |title=Derecho y justicia |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.29192/claeh.37.2.11 |journal=Cuadernos del CLAEH |volume=37 |issue=2 |doi=10.29192/claeh.37.2.11 |issn=0797-6062|doi-access=free }}

On 8 January 1942, Cerro Chato was declared a "Pueblo" (village) by the Act of Ley Nº 10.112.{{cite web |url=http://www0.parlamento.gub.uy/leyes/AccesoTextoLey.asp?Ley=10112 |title=Ley Nº 10.112 |publisher=República Oriental del Uruguay, Poder Legislativo |year=1942 |accessdate=3 September 2012 |url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304121847/http://www0.parlamento.gub.uy/leyes/AccesoTextoLey.asp?Ley=10112 |archivedate=4 March 2016 }} Its status was elevated to "Villa" (town) by the Act of Ley Nº 13.299 on 17 November 1964.{{cite web |url=http://www0.parlamento.gub.uy/leyes/AccesoTextoLey.asp?Ley=13299 |title=Ley Nº 13.299 |publisher=República Oriental del Uruguay, Poder Legislativo |year=1964 |accessdate=3 September 2012 |url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006222850/http://www0.parlamento.gub.uy/leyes/AccesoTextoLey.asp?Ley=13299 |archivedate=6 October 2014 }}

=Plebiscite of Cerro Chato of 1927=

In 1927, a non-binding plebiscite took place in Cerro Chato to decide to which department it would belong: Durazno, Florida or Treinta y Tres. For this referendum, every citizen of the town was called to vote, including women. That was the first time in Latin America that women exercised the right to vote.{{cite web |url=http://www.larepublica.com.uy/comunidad/263868-el-voto-femenino-cumple-ochenta-anos-en-uruguay |title= El voto femenino cumple ochenta años en Uruguay

|publisher= LaRed21 |year=2007 |accessdate=6 July 2011}} The Department of Durazno won the plebiscite, but this result was not accepted by the authorities. Therefore, Cerro Chato still is split between the three departments.

Population

According to the 2011 census, Cerro Chato had a total population of 3,227; 1,694 lived in Trenta y Tres,{{cite web |url=http://www.ine.gub.uy/censos2011/resultadosfinales/cuadros/NIVEL%20DEPARTAMENTAL/Treinta%20y%20Tres/P_3_TYT.xls |title=Censos 2011 Cuadros Trenta y Tres |year=2012 |publisher=INE |accessdate=25 August 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121010041734/http://www.ine.gub.uy/censos2011/resultadosfinales/cuadros/NIVEL%20DEPARTAMENTAL/Treinta%20y%20Tres/P_3_TYT.xls |archive-date=10 October 2012 |url-status=dead|df=dmy-all }} 1,124 lived in Durazno{{cite web |url=http://www.ine.gub.uy/censos2011/resultadosfinales/cuadros/NIVEL%20DEPARTAMENTAL/Durazno/P_3_DUR.xls |title=Censos 2011 Cuadros Durazno |year=2012 |publisher=INE |accessdate=25 August 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121010041237/http://www.ine.gub.uy/censos2011/resultadosfinales/cuadros/NIVEL%20DEPARTAMENTAL/Durazno/P_3_DUR.xls |archive-date=10 October 2012 |url-status=dead|df=dmy-all }} and 409 lived in Florida.{{cite web |url=http://www.ine.gub.uy/censos2011/resultadosfinales/florida.html |title=Censos 2011 Florida (needs flash plugin) |year=2012 |publisher=INE |accessdate=31 August 2012}}

class="wikitable" style="line-height:1.1em;" ! Year	Population
align="right" \| 1963	2,513
align="right" \| 1975	2,582
align="right" \| 1985	2,459
align="right" \| 1996	2,945
align="right" \| 2004	3,278
align="right" \| 2011	3,227

Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística de Uruguay{{cite web |url=http://www.ine.gub.uy/biblioteca/toponimico/TOPOletraC.doc |title=1963–1996 Statistics / C |publisher=Instituto Nacional de Estadística de Uruguay |year=2004 |format=DOC |accessdate=27 June 2011 |archive-date=15 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130615014550/http://www.ine.gub.uy/biblioteca/toponimico/TOPOletraC.doc |url-status=dead }}{{cite web |url=http://www.ine.gub.uy/biblioteca/toponimico/Categorizaci%F3n%20localidades%20urbanas%20orden%20alfab%E9tico.pdf |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20091113143716/http://www.ine.gub.uy/biblioteca/toponimico/Categorizaci%F3n%20localidades%20urbanas%20orden%20alfab%E9tico.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=13 November 2009 |title=Statistics of urban localities (1963–2004) |publisher=INE |year=2012 |accessdate=3 September 2012 }}

Economy

The main economic activity of the town is cattle and sheep production due to the quality fields in the area.{{Cite journal |date=2018-12-12 |title= Derecho y justicia|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.29192/claeh.37.2.11 |journal=Cuadernos del CLAEH |volume=37 |issue=2 |doi=10.29192/claeh.37.2.11 |issn=0797-6062|doi-access=free }}

The town was to give host to the controversial Aratirí iron mining project which would have produced 18 million tons of iron per year. However, the project was cancelled in 2016 after widespread ridicule over its impact to local farms.{{Cite web |date=2011-08-08 |title=Aratirí a fojas cero - Diario EL PAIS - Montevideo - Uruguay |url=http://www.elpais.com.uy/11/08/07/predit_584987.asp |access-date=2024-05-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110808042558/http://www.elpais.com.uy/11/08/07/predit_584987.asp |archive-date=2011-08-08 }}{{Cite web |date=2011-08-08 |title=Ya nada será igual en Cerro Chato - Diario EL PAIS - Montevideo - Uruguay |url=http://www.elpais.com.uy/11/08/07/pnacio_585005.asp |access-date=2024-05-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110808024539/http://www.elpais.com.uy/11/08/07/pnacio_585005.asp |archive-date=2011-08-08 }}

Places of worship

Sacred Heart of Jesus Parish Church (Roman Catholic)

References

External links

[https://web.archive.org/web/20121010044629/http://www.ine.gub.uy/mapas/censos2011/para%20colgar%20en%20web/pdf/06_UYDU/Localidades/A2H_06790%20Cerro%20Chato.pdf INE map of Cerro Chato]

Category:Populated places in the Treinta y Tres Department

Category:Populated places in the Durazno Department

Category:Populated places in the Florida Department