Chamchamal

{{Infobox settlement

| name = Chamchamal

| other_name =

| native_name = Çemçemal

| settlement_type = Town

| image_skyline = File:A Chamchamal town center view, 2009.jpg

| imagesize =

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| pushpin_map = #Iraq

| pushpin_label_position = right

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| subdivision_type = Country

| subdivision_name = {{flag|Iraq}}

| subdivision_type1 = Autonomous region

| subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Kurdistan Region}}

| subdivision_type2 = Province

| subdivision_name2 = Sulaymaniyah Governorate

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| area_total_km2 =

| population_as_of = 2024

| population_footnotes =

| population_total = 173,000

| population_density_km2 =

| timezone =

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| coordinates = {{coord|35|32|0|N|44|50|0|E|region:IQ|display=inline,title}}

| elevation_footnotes =

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| official_name = چەمچەماڵ

}}

Chamchamal ({{langx|ku|چه‌مچه‌ماڵ|Çemçemal}},{{cite news |title=نووسینگه‌ی پاسپۆرت له‌ قه‌زای چه‌مچه‌ماڵ ده‌كرێته‌وه‌ |url=https://www.peyam.net/Details/5009 |work=www.peyam.net |language=ku}}{{cite news |title=Li Çemçemal û Silêmaniyeyê çalakiyên ciwanan -NÛ BÛ |url=https://anfkurdi.com/kurdistan/ciwanen-Soresger-li-Cemcemal-li-diji-dagirkeriye-dirusm-nivisin-118478 |access-date=20 December 2019 |work=ANF News |language=ku}} {{langx|ar|جمجمال}}) is a town located in Sulaymaniyah Governorate, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. it is the town which is nearest located to the disputed territories of Northern Iraq. Chamchamal is home to the Gorani-speaking Kurdish Hamawand tribe.{{cite web |title=Country Policy and Information Note Iraq: Blood feuds |url=https://www.justice.gov/eoir/page/file/995226/download |access-date=20 December 2019 |page=9 |date=2017 |archive-date=20 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220220734/https://www.justice.gov/eoir/page/file/995226/download |url-status=dead }}

Population and location

The city is a 30 minutes drive east from Kirkuk and an hour west of Sulaymaniyah.{{Cite web|title = Letter From Chamchamal, Iraq — March 17, 2003|url = http://www.poynter.org/2003/letter-from-chamchamal-iraq-march-17-2003/8420/|website = Poynter|access-date = 2016-01-20|language = en-US}} The population was 58,000 in 2003. The population in 2018 was 65,300 people, the vast majority being Kurds.

History

The city has a historic citadel, and early Western observers of the region speculated that it has been inhabited since the Sassanid period.{{Cite web|title = Historic landmarks under threat in Chamchamal, Iraqi Kurdistan|url = http://ekurd.net/mismas/articles/misc2009/11/independentstate3275.htm|website = ekurd.net|access-date = 2016-01-20|date = 2009-09-01}} The Chamchamal valley is also home to important paleolithic sites of Jarmo and Zarzi.{{Cite book|title = Human origin sites and the World Heritage Convention in Eurasia|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=1mfuCgAAQBAJ|publisher = UNESCO Publishing|date = 2015-09-07|isbn = 9789231001079|first = Sanz, Nuria|last = (UNESCO)}} The city broke away from Kirkuk Governorate in 1976 and was given to Sulaymaniyah Governorate.

File:نەخشەی_کارگێڕی_پارێزگای_کەرکووک_لە_ساڵی_۱۹۳٦دا.jpg in 1936 including Chamchamal]]

Climate

{{Weather box|location = Chamchamal

|metric first = Y

|single line = Y

|Jan high C = 10.3

|Feb high C = 12.2

|Mar high C = 16.6

|Apr high C = 22.6

|May high C = 30.1

|Jun high C = 36.7

|Jul high C = 40.4

|Aug high C = 40.2

|Sep high C = 36.2

|Oct high C = 29.5

|Nov high C = 20.1

|Dec high C = 13.0

|Jan low C = 1.3

|Feb low C = 2.5

|Mar low C = 6.0

|Apr low C = 10.6

|May low C = 15.8

|Jun low C = 21.3

|Jul low C = 24.6

|Aug low C = 24.7

|Sep low C = 20.3

|Oct low C = 14.9

|Nov low C = 8.6

|Dec low C = 3.3

|Jan precipitation mm = 126

|Feb precipitation mm = 104

|Mar precipitation mm = 108

|Apr precipitation mm = 60

|May precipitation mm = 29

|Jun precipitation mm = 0

|Jul precipitation mm = 0

|Aug precipitation mm = 0

|Sep precipitation mm = 0

|Oct precipitation mm = 5

|Nov precipitation mm = 47

|Dec precipitation mm = 86

|year precipitation mm= 565

|source = [https://en.climate-data.org/location/25281/ Climate-data.org]

|date=03 March 2018}}

Notable people

Thanun Pyriadi (born 1933), chemist, from Ali Mansour village

References

Category:Cities in Iraqi Kurdistan

Category:Populated places in Sulaymaniyah Province

Category:District capitals of Iraq

Category:Kurdish settlements in Iraq