Charles Allix Lavington Yate
{{Short description|English British Army officer and recipient of the Victoria Cross}}
{{Use British English|date=June 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2021}}
{{Infobox military person
|name=Charles Allix Lavington Yate
|honorific_suffix=VC
|birth_date={{birth date|df=yes|1872|3|14}}
|death_date={{death date and age|df=yes|1914|9|20|1872|3|14}}
|birth_place= Ludwigslust, Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Germany
|death_place=Torgau POW camp, Kingdom of Prussia, Germany
|placeofburial=Stahnsdorf, Berlin, Germany
|image=Charles Allix Lavington Yate VC.jpg
|image_size=
|caption=
|nickname=
|allegiance={{UK}}
|serviceyears=1892 – 1914
|rank=Major
|branch=23px British Army
|commands=
|unit=The King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry
|battles=
{{plainlist|
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|awards= 30px Victoria Cross
|relations=Sir Charles Yate, 1st Baronet (cousin)
}}
Major Charles Allix Lavington Yate, VC (14 March 1872 – 20 September 1914) was an English British Army officer and recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.
Yate, from Madeley, Shropshire, attended the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, and joined the British Army. He saw service in British India, Mauritius, South Africa during the Second Boer War, as an observer during the Russo-Japanese War, and between 1908 and 1914 he was on the staff of the War Office in London.
Early life
Yate was born in his mother's home town of Ludwigslust on 14 March 1872 to the Reverend Prebendary George Edward Yate (1825–1908), vicar of St Michael's Church, Madeley from 1859 to 1908, {{cite web |url=http://www.localhistory.madeley.org.uk/major_yate.html |title=Madeley's VC - Major C.A.L. Yate |accessdate=2008-04-15 |url-status=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070919210703/http://www.localhistory.madeley.org.uk/major_yate.html |archivedate=19 September 2007 }} and his German second wife Luise Caroline Georgine Adolphine Henriette, née Petersen. His cousin was Sir Charles Yate, 1st Baronet.
He was educated at Weymouth College, and graduated from the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, 9th out of 1,100 cadets. He joined the 2nd Battalion, the King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry as a second lieutenant on 13 August 1892, while it was stationed in Bombay. Promoted to lieutenant on 7 January 1894, he first saw action in India in the Tirah expedition from 1897 to 1898, for which he was awarded the medal and clasp of the Tirah Expedition. He was promoted to captain on 26 July 1899, and with his battalion was transferred to South Africa following the outbreak of the Second Boer War in October that year.Hart′s Army list, 1903 The battalion took part in the battles of Belmont and Enslin in November 1899, where Yate was seriously wounded. After the war ended in June 1902, he was briefly a staff officer for requisitions from September 1902,{{London Gazette |issue=27516 |date=16 January 1903 |page=308 }} then transferred with the battalion to Malta, leaving Point Natal on the SS Staffordshire in October.{{Cite newspaper The Times |title=The Army in South Africa - Movements of Troops |date=11 October 1902 |page=10 |issue=36896}}
In late 1903, he was seconded as an observer in the Japanese Army, and stayed there during the Russo-Japanese War in 1905. Between 1908 and 1914 he was on the staff of the War Office in London. He was promoted to the rank of major in 1912.
Yate was fluent in French, German and Japanese, and could also speak Hindustani and Persian.
VC action
Yate was 42 years old, and a major in the 2nd Battalion, The King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry, during the First World War when the following deed took place during the battle of Le Cateau for which he was awarded the VC.
On 26 August 1914 at Le Cateau, France, Major Yate commanded one of the two companies that remained to the end in the trenches, and when all other officers had been killed or wounded and ammunition exhausted, he led his 19 survivors against the enemy in a charge.{{London Gazette|issue=28985|supp=y|page=9957|date=24 November 1914}}
He was captured by the Germans and interned in Targau prisoner of war camp. After repeated attempts, he escaped a month later on 19 September 1914, but was quickly apprehended by local factory workers who suspected his appearance, and cut his own throat to avoid recapture and possible execution as a spy.{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/3977447.stm|title=Queen honours forgotten war hero|date=4 November 2004|accessdate=28 March 2008 | publisher=BBC News}} He died on 20 September 1914.
Four other VCs were won that day at Le Cateau, including one by Lance Corporal Frederick William Holmes, who wrote of Yate: Major Yate was a thorough gentleman and a great favourite with us all. He had had a lot of experience in the Far East and at home, and I am sure that if he had lived he would have become a general. He was always in front, and his constant cry was "Follow me!"
Yate is buried in grave II. G. 8.[http://www.cwgc.org/find-war-dead/casualty/896268 Casualty Details, CHARLES ALLIX LAVINGTON YATE] at the Commonwealth War Graves Commission Berlin South-Western Cemetery in Stahnsdorf, near Potsdam, Germany. He is also listed on the parish war memorial, now on The Green, at Madeley, and within St Michael's Church, Madeley.{{cite book|title=Shropshire War Memorials, Sites of Remembrance|page=143}}
The medal
His Victoria Cross is displayed at the King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry Museum in the Doncaster Museum, England.[http://www.doncaster.gov.uk/Images/KOYLI%20Medals%20February%202008_tcm2-55436.pdf List of KOYLI medals held in the Regimental Museum]{{dead link|date=November 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
Family
On 17 September 1903 he married at St George's Church, Hanover Square, London,{{cite book|last=Francis|first=Peter|title=Shropshire War Memorials, Sites of Remembrance|year=2013|publisher=YouCaxton Publications|page=142|isbn=978-1-909644-11-3}} Florence Helena Brigg, from Greenhead Hall, Yorkshire.[http://www.victoriacross.co.uk/descrip_y.html VC winner's, Ys] There were no children.
References
{{Reflist}}
Bibliography
- {{cite book|last=Gliddon|first=Gerald|title=1914|series=VCs of the First World War|year=2011|orig-date=1994|publisher=The History Press|isbn=978-0752459080}}
{{Authority control}}
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Category:People from Madeley, Shropshire
Category:Graduates of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst
Category:British World War I recipients of the Victoria Cross
Category:King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry officers
Category:British Army personnel of the Second Boer War
Category:British Army personnel of World War I
Category:British military personnel killed in World War I
Category:British military personnel who died by suicide
Category:British World War I prisoners of war
Category:British military personnel of the Tirah campaign
Category:World War I prisoners of war held by Germany
Category:People of the Russo-Japanese War
Category:British Army recipients of the Victoria Cross
Category:Military personnel from the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
Category:Suicides by sharp instrument in Germany
Category:Military personnel from Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania