Charles David Allis

Allis was born and raised in Cincinnati, Ohio. His father was a city planner and his mother an elementary school teacher.{{cite web |title=C. David Allis |url=https://gruber.yale.edu/genetics/c-david-allis |publisher=Gruber Foundation |access-date=February 7, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207143837/https://gruber.yale.edu/genetics/c-david-allis |archive-date=February 7, 2023}} He entered the University of Cincinnati in 1969, majoring in biology. He had his first experience of basic research in his senior (or fourth) year of Bachelor of Science. The experience attracted him to research, and he went to Indiana University Bloomington for graduate studies.{{cite journal |last1=Downey |first1=Philip |title=Profile of C. David Allis |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |date=2006 |volume=103 |issue=17 |pages=6425–6427 |pmid=16618930 |pmc=1458902 |doi=10.1073/pnas.0602256103 |bibcode=2006PNAS..103.6425D |doi-access=free }} He graduated with an MSc in 1975 and a PhD three years later, under the supervision of Anthony Mahowald.

Allis undertook a postdoctoral fellowship in the University of Rochester after obtaining his PhD. In 1981, he joined the Baylor College of Medicine as an assistant professor in the Department of Biochemistry and Department of Cell Biology, and was promoted to associate professor in 1986 and full professor in 1989. He joined the Department of Biology at Syracuse University College of Arts and Sciences in 1990.{{cite news |last1=Scalese |first1=Sarah |title=Former SU professor named Japan Prize Laureate |url=https://thecollege.syr.edu/news-all/news-2014/2014-japan_prize/ |access-date=October 19, 2021 |publisher=Syracuse University |date=February 4, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019032800/https://thecollege.syr.edu/news-all/news-2014/2014-japan_prize/ |archive-date=October 19, 2021}}

Allis returned to the University of Rochester in 1995, and became the Marie Curran Wilson and Joseph Chamberlain Wilson Professor of Biology two years later.{{cite news |title=C. David Allis Named Wilson Professor of Biology |url=https://www.rochester.edu/news/show.php?id=1403 |access-date=October 16, 2019 |publisher=University of Rochester |date=July 25, 1997 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191016065724/https://www.rochester.edu/news/show.php?id=1403 |archive-date=October 16, 2019}} In 1998, Allis went to the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics at the University of Virginia School of Medicine.{{cite news |title=A Tribute to C. David Allis, PhD — Professor in the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics from 1998-2003 |url=https://news.med.virginia.edu/media-highlights/a-tribute-to-c-david-allis-phd-former-professor-in-the-department-of-biochemistry-and-molecular-genetics/ |access-date=February 11, 2023 |publisher=University of Virginia School of Medicine |date=January 24, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230211145213/https://news.med.virginia.edu/media-highlights/a-tribute-to-c-david-allis-phd-former-professor-in-the-department-of-biochemistry-and-molecular-genetics/ |archive-date=February 11, 2023}} He joined the Rockefeller University in 2003 as the Joy and Jack Fishman Professor and Head of the Laboratory of Chromatin Biology and Epigenetics.

Allis had been treated for cancer. He died January 8, 2023, at a hospital in Seattle, Washington.

{{Scholia}}

Allis was known for his research of histone modifications and their relation to chromatin structure. He started working on Tetrahymena, a ciliated unicellular eukaryote. Tetrahymena is an ideal candidate to study histone acetylation due to its dual nucleus. It has a larger macronucleus that is transcriptionally active and somatic, and a smaller micronucleus that is transcriptionally silent and germline.{{cite journal |last1=Goldfarb |first1=David S. |last2=Gorovsky |first2=Martin A. |title=Nuclear Dimorphism: Two Peas in a Pod |journal=Current Biology |date=2009 |volume=19 |issue=11 |pages=R449–R452 |doi=10.1016/j.cub.2009.04.023 |pmid=19515351 |s2cid=9841779 |url=https://www.cell.com/current-biology/pdf/S0960-9822(09)00984-1.pdf |access-date=February 14, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230214062126/https://www.cell.com/current-biology/pdf/S0960-9822%2809%2900984-1.pdf |archive-date=February 14, 2023}} Chromatin biology at the time was not a popular topic; nor was the use of ciliated organisms.

In 1996, his group isolated the histone acetyltransferase p55 from Tetrahymena, an enzyme that acetylates histones, and found the enzyme was homologous to Gcn5p, a known transcriptional co-activator in yeast.{{cite web |title=2014 Japan Prize Achievement - "Life Science" field |url=https://www.japanprize.jp/data/prize/2014/e_2_achievements.pdf |publisher=Japan Prize |access-date=February 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230215141059/https://www.japanprize.jp/data/prize/2014/e_2_achievements.pdf |archive-date=February 15, 2023}}{{cite journal |first1=James E. |last1=Brownell |first2=Jianxin |last2=Zhou |first3=Tamara |last3=Ranalli |first4=Ryuji |last4=Kobayashi |first5=Diane G. |last5=Edmondson |first6=Sharon Y. |last6=Roth |first7=C. David |last7=Allis |title=Tetrahymena Histone Acetyltransferase A: A Homolog to Yeast Gcn5p Linking Histone Acetylation to Gene Activation |journal=Cell |date=1996 |volume=84 |issue=6 |pages=843–851 |doi=10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81063-6 |pmid=8601308 |doi-access=free}} This was the first time that histone acetyltransferases were connected to DNA transcription activation,{{cite journal |last1=Allis |first1=C. David |title="Modifying" My Career toward Chromatin Biology |journal=Journal of Biological Chemistry |date=2015 |volume=290 |issue=26 |pages=15904–15908 |doi=10.1074/jbc.X115.663229 |pmid=25944906 |doi-access=free |pmc=4481195 }} verifying Vincent Allfrey's hypothesis in the 1960s that histone acetylation regulates transcription.{{cite journal |last1=Allfrey |first1=V. G. |last2=Faulkner |first2=R. |last3=Mirsky |first3=A. E. |title=Acetylation and methylation of histones and their possible role in the regulation of rna synthesis |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |date=1964 |volume=51 |issue=5 |pages=786–794 |doi-access=free |doi=10.1073/pnas.51.5.786 |pmid=14172992 |pmc=300163|bibcode=1964PNAS...51..786A }}{{cite journal |last1=Allis |first1=C. David |title=Pursuing the Secrets of Histone Proteins: An Amazing Journey with a Remarkable Supporting Cast |journal=Cell |date=2018 |volume=175 |issue=1 |pages=18–21 |doi-access=free |doi=10.1016/j.cell.2018.08.022 |pmid=30217363 }}

Following this seminal report, Allis continued studying histone acetylation, discovering more histone acetyltransferases, including TAF1 (part of the transcription factor TF_IID needed to initiate transcription).{{cite journal |first1=Craig A. |last1=Mizzen |first2=Xiang-Jiao |last2=Yang |first3=Tetsuro |last3=Kokubo |first4=James E. |last4=Brownell |first5=Andrew J. |last5=Bannister |first6=Tom |last6=Owen-Hughes |first7=Jerry |last7=Workman |first8=Lian |last8=Wang |first9=Shelley L. |last9=Berger |first10=Tony |last10=Kouzarides |first11=Yoshihiro |last11=Nakatani |first12=C. David |last12=Allis |title=The TAF_II250 Subunit of TFIID Has Histone Acetyltransferase Activity |journal=Cell |date=1996 |volume=87 |issue=7 |pages=1261–1270 |doi=10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81821-8 |pmid=8980232 |doi-access=free |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/82421682.pdf |access-date=February 16, 2023 |archive-date=April 15, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190415005054/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/82421682.pdf}} Allis also branched off to researching histone phosphorylation and histone methylation. He linked histone phosphorylation to mitosis and mitogen stimulation,{{cite journal |first1=Michael J. |last1=Hendzel |first2=Yi |last2=Wei |first3=Michael A. |last3=Mancini |first4=Aaron |last4=Van Hooser |first5=Tamara |last5=Ranalli |first6=B. R. |last6=Brinkley |first7=David P. |last7=Bazett-Jones |first8=C. David |last8=Allis |title=Mitosis-specific phosphorylation of histone H3 initiates primarily within pericentromeric heterochromatin during G2 and spreads in an ordered fashion coincident with mitotic chromosome condensation |journal=Chromosoma |date=1997 |volume=106 |issue=6 |pages=348–360 |doi=10.1007/s004120050256 |pmid=9362543 |s2cid=29723188 |url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s004120050256 |access-date=February 17, 2023}}{{cite journal |first1=Jer-Yuan |last1=Hsu |first2=Zu-Wen |last2=Sun |first3=Xiumin |last3=Li |first4=Melanie |last4=Reuben |first5=Kelly |last5=Tatchell |first6=Douglas K. |last6=Bishop |first7=Jeremy M. |last7=Grushcow |first8=Cynthia J. |last8=Brame |first9=Jennifer A. |last9=Caldwell |first10=Donald F. |last10=Hunt |first11=Rueyling |last11=Lin |first12=M. Mitchell |last12=Smith |first13=C. David |last13=Allis |title=Mitotic Phosphorylation of Histone H3 Is Governed by Ipl1/aurora Kinase and Glc7/PP1 Phosphatase in Budding Yeast and Nematodes |journal=Cell |date=2000 |volume=102 |issue=3 |pages=279–291 |doi=10.1016/S0092-8674(00)00034-9 |pmid=10975519 |doi-access=free }} and established a synergistic relationship between histone phosphorylation and acetylation.{{cite journal |first1=Peter |last1=Cheung |first2=Kirk G. |last2=Tanner |first3=Wang L. |last3=Cheung |first4=Paolo |last4=Sassone-Corsi |first5=John M. |last5=Denu |first6=C. David |last6=Allis |title=Synergistic Coupling of Histone H3 Phosphorylation and Acetylation in Response to Epidermal Growth Factor Stimulation |journal=Molecular Cell |date=2000 |volume=5 |issue=6 |pages=905–915 |doi=10.1016/s1097-2765(00)80256-7 |doi-access=free |pmid=10911985 }} He also determined the role of methylation at lysine 9 of histone H3,{{cite journal |first1=Judd C. |last1=Rice |first2=Scott D. |last2=Briggs |first3=Beatrix |last3=Ueberheide |first4=Cynthia M. |last4=Barber |first5=Jeffrey |last5=Shabanowitz |first6=Donald F. |last6=Hunt |first7=Yoichi |last7=Shinkai |first8=C. David |last8=Allis |title=Histone Methyltransferases Direct Different Degrees of Methylation to Define Distinct Chromatin Domains |journal=Molecular Cell |date=2003 |volume=12 |issue=6 |pages=1591–1598 |doi=10.1016/s1097-2765(03)00479-9 |doi-access=free |pmid=14690610 }} identified SET domain-containing proteins as histone methyltransferase,{{cite journal |first1=Brian D. |last1=Strahl |first2=Patrick A. |last2=Grant |first3=Scott D. |last3=Briggs |first4=Zu-Wen |last4=Sun |first5=James R. |last5=Bone |first6=Jennifer A. |last6=Caldwell |first7=Sahana |last7=Mollah |first8=Richard G. |last8=Cook |first9=Jeffrey |last9=Shabanowitz |first10=Donald F. |last10=Hunt |first11=C. David |last11=Allis |title=Set2 Is a Nucleosomal Histone H3-Selective Methyltransferase That Mediates Transcriptional Repression |journal=Molecular and Cellular Biology |date=2002 |volume=22 |issue=5 |pages=1298–1306 |doi=10.1128/MCB.22.5.1298-1306.2002 |pmid=11839797 |doi-access=free |pmc=134702 }} and found that histone ubiquitylation regulates histone methylation.{{cite journal |last1=Sun |first1=Zu-Wen |last2=Allis |first2=C. David |title=Ubiquitination of histone H2B regulates H3 methylation and gene silencing in yeast |journal=Nature |date=2002 |volume=418 |issue=6893 |pages=104–108 |doi=10.1038/nature00883 |pmid=12077605 |bibcode=2002Natur.418..104S |s2cid=4338471 |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/nature00883 |access-date=February 18, 2023}}

In 2000, Allis and Brian Strahl proposed the "histone code hypothesis", which states that DNA transcription is largely regulated by histone modifications.{{cite journal |last1=Strahl |first1=Brian D. |last2=Allis |first2=C. David |title=The language of covalent histone modifications |journal=Nature |date=2000 |volume=403 |issue=6765 |pages=41–45 |doi=10.1038/47412 |pmid=10638745 |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/47412 |bibcode=2000Natur.403...41S |s2cid=4418993 |access-date=February 19, 2023}} Later, Allis (together with Thomas Jenuwein) explicitly associated the histone code with epigenetics,{{cite journal |last1=Jenuwein |first1=Thomas |last2=Allis |first2=C. David |authorlink1=Thomas Jenuwein |title=Translating the histone code |journal=Science |volume=293 |issue=5532 |pages=1074–1080 |year=2001 |pmid=11498575 |doi=10.1126/science.1063127 |citeseerx=10.1.1.453.900 |s2cid=1883924 |url=https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/doc/10.1.1.453.900 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230220075936/https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/doc/10.1.1.453.900 |archive-date=February 20, 2023 |access-date=February 20, 2023}} and recognized the clinical significance of histone modifications, especially in cancers.{{cite journal |last1=Chi |first1=Ping |last2=Allis |first2=C. David |last3=Wang |first3=Gang Greg |title=Covalent histone modifications — miswritten, misinterpreted and mis-erased in human cancers |journal=Nature Reviews Cancer |date=2010 |volume=10 |issue=7 |pages=457–469 |doi=10.1038/nrc2876 |pmid=20574448 |pmc=3262678}}{{cite journal |last1=Dent |first1=Sharon |last2=Grewal |first2=Shiv |title=C. David Allis (1951–2023) |journal=Nature |date=2023 |volume=614 |issue=7948 |page=409 |doi=10.1038/d41586-023-00346-0 |pmid=36737544 |bibcode=2023Natur.614..409D |s2cid=256577181 |doi-access=free }}

In more recent years, his attention turned to "oncohistones", which are histones with mutations that distort normal histone modifications, leading to cancers.{{cite journal |first1=Benjamin A. |last1=Nacev |first2=Lijuan |last2=Feng |first3=John D. |last3=Bagert |first4=Agata E. |last4=Lemiesz |first5=JianJiong |last5=Gao |first6=Alexey A. |last6=Soshnev |first7=Ritika |last7=Kundra |first8=Nikolaus |last8=Schultz |first9=Tom W. |last9=Muir |first10=C. David |last10=Allis |title=The expanding landscape of 'oncohistone' mutations in human cancers |journal=Nature |date=2019 |volume=567 |issue=7749 |pages=473–478 |doi=10.1038/s41586-019-1038-1 |pmid=30894748 |pmc=6512987|bibcode=2019Natur.567..473N }}{{cite journal |last1=Berger |first1=Shelley L. |title=C. David Allis (1951–2023) |journal=Science |date=2023 |volume=379 |issue=6633 |page=645 |doi=10.1126/science.adg7738 |pmid=36795814 |bibcode=2023Sci...379..645B |s2cid=256901502 |doi-access=free }}

• Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (2001){{cite web |title=C. David Allis |url=https://www.amacad.org/person/c-david-allis |publisher=American Academy of Arts and Sciences |access-date=February 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203151709/https://www.amacad.org/person/c-david-allis |archive-date=February 3, 2023}}
• Dickson Prize in Medicine (2002){{cite web |title=2002 Dickson Prize Winner |url=http://www.dicksonprize.pitt.edu/recipients/2002-allis.php |publisher=Dickson Prize |access-date=February 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221225023043/http://www.dicksonprize.pitt.edu/recipients/2002-allis.php |archive-date=December 25, 2022}}
• Massry Prize (2003){{cite web |title=Massry Prize Winners ( 1996 – Present ) |url=https://keck.usc.edu/massry-prize/past-laureates |publisher=University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine |access-date=5 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205090130/https://keck.usc.edu/massry-prize/past-laureates |archive-date=5 December 2022}}
• Wiley Prize in Biomedical Sciences (2004){{cite news |title=C. David Allis to Receive the Third Annual Wiley Prize in the Biomedical Sciences |url=https://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/PressRelease/pressReleaseId-48955.html |access-date=February 5, 2023 |publisher=Wiley Foundation |date=January 27, 2004 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230205140530/https://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/PressRelease/pressReleaseId-48955.html |archive-date=February 5, 2023}}
• Member of the National Academy of Sciences (2005){{cite web |title=C. David Allis |url=http://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/deceased-members/20007397.html |publisher=National Academy of Sciences |access-date=February 5, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230205140846/http://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/deceased-members/20007397.html |archive-date=February 5, 2023}}
• Distinguished Alumnus Award, University of Cincinnati College of Arts and Sciences (2007){{cite web |title=Past A&S Alumni Award Winners (2002-2019) |url=https://alumni.uc.edu/get-involved/college-networks/as/artsci-awards.html |access-date=February 6, 2023 |publisher=University of Cincinnati College of Arts and Sciences |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221204212915/https://alumni.uc.edu/get-involved/college-networks/as/artsci-awards.html |archive-date=December 4, 2022}}
• Gairdner Foundation International Award (2007){{cite web |title=C. David Allis |url=https://gairdner.org/award_winners/c-david-allis/ |publisher=Gairdner Foundation |access-date=February 6, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211206055845/https://gairdner.org/award_winners/c-david-allis/ |archive-date=December 6, 2021}}
• American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology-Merck Award (2008){{cite web |title=ASBMB–Merck Award |url=https://www.asbmb.org/career-resources/awards-grants-fellowships/merck |publisher=American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology |access-date=February 6, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206063205/https://www.asbmb.org/career-resources/awards-grants-fellowships/merck |archive-date=February 6, 2023}}
• Lewis S. Rosenstiel Award for Distinguished Work in Basic Medical Research (2010){{cite web |title=Past Winners |publisher=Brandeis University |url=https://www.brandeis.edu/rosenstiel/rosenstiel-award/past.html |access-date=February 6, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206071958/https://www.brandeis.edu/rosenstiel/rosenstiel-award/past.html |archive-date=February 6, 2023}}
• Japan Prize (2014){{cite web |title=The 2014 Japan Prize |url=https://www.japanprize.jp/en/prize_prof_2014_allis.html |publisher=Japan Prize |access-date=February 6, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230202090327/https://www.japanprize.jp/en/prize_prof_2014_allis.html |archive-date=February 2, 2023}}
• Grand Prix Charles-Leopold Mayer (2014){{cite web |title=Lauréat 2014 du prix Charles-Léopold Mayer : C. David Allis |url=https://www.academie-sciences.fr/fr/Laureats/laureats-2014-prix-charles-leopold-mayer.html |publisher=French Academy of Sciences |access-date=February 7, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207142709/https://www.academie-sciences.fr/fr/Laureats/laureats-2014-prix-charles-leopold-mayer.html |archive-date=February 7, 2023 |language=fr}}
• Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences (2015){{cite web |title=C. David Allis |url=https://breakthroughprize.org/Laureates/2/L60 |publisher=Breakthrough Prize Board |access-date=January 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230116213123/https://breakthroughprize.org/Laureates/2/L60 |archive-date=January 16, 2023}}
• Gruber Prize in Genetics (2016){{cite web |title=C. David Allis |url=https://gruber.yale.edu/genetics/2016/c-david-allis |publisher=Gruber Foundation |access-date=February 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201085551/https://gruber.yale.edu/genetics/2016/c-david-allis |archive-date=February 1, 2023}}
• March of Dimes Prize in Developmental Biology (2017){{cite news |title=2017 March of Dimes Prize awarded to Dr. C. David Allis for groundbreaking research |date=May 8, 2017 |url=http://www.marchofdimes.org/news/2017-march-of-dimes-prize-awarded-to-dr-c-david-allis-for-groundbreaking-research.aspx |publisher=March of Dimes |access-date=February 8, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230208085204/https://www.marchofdimes.org/about/news/2017-march-dimes-prize-awarded-to-dr-c-david-allis-groundbreaking-research |archive-date=February 8, 2023}}
• Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research (2018){{cite web |title=2018 Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Award |url=http://www.laskerfoundation.org/awards/show/histone-modifications-and-gene-expression |publisher=Lasker Foundation |access-date=February 8, 2022 |archive-date=February 8, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230208085333/https://laskerfoundation.org/winners/histone-modifications-and-gene-expression/}}
• Member of the National Academy of Medicine (2019){{cite web |title=C. David Allis, Ph.D. |url=https://nam.edu/member/?member_id=eecjXHFYIjFn2P2viXplMQ%3D%3D |publisher=National Academy of Medicine |access-date=February 8, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230208085640/https://nam.edu/member/?member_id=eecjXHFYIjFn2P2viXplMQ%3D%3D |archive-date=February 8, 2023}}
• Albany Medical Center Prize (2022){{cite press release |title=2022 Albany Prize Awarded for Pivotal Discoveries in Gene Regulation |url=https://amc.edu/news/2022-albany-prize-awarded-for-pivotal-discoveries-in-gene-regulation.cfm |access-date=October 14, 2022 |publisher=Albany Medical College |date=October 13, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221014042935/https://amc.edu/news/2022-albany-prize-awarded-for-pivotal-discoveries-in-gene-regulation.cfm |archive-date=October 14, 2022}}

Allis was a member of Phi Beta Kappa when he graduated from the University of Cincinnati.

The C. David Allis Mentorship Fund for Young Scientists at the Rockefeller University was established in his honor.{{cite news |title=Remembering a pioneer of chromatin biology |url=https://www.rockefeller.edu/news/33490-remembering-a-pioneer-of-chromatin-biology/ |publisher=Rockefeller University |access-date=February 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230216064750/https://www.rockefeller.edu/news/33490-remembering-a-pioneer-of-chromatin-biology/ |archive-date=February 16, 2023 |date=January 14, 2023}}{{cite web |title=C. David Allis Mentorship Fund for Young Scientists |url=https://www.rockefeller.edu/support-our-science/allis-mentorship-fund-for-young-scientists/ |publisher=Rockefeller University |access-date=February 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230216072930/https://www.rockefeller.edu/support-our-science/allis-mentorship-fund-for-young-scientists/ |archive-date=February 16, 2023}}

{{Reflist}}

{{Breakthrough Prize laureates}}

{{Japan Prize}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Allis, Charles David}}

Category:1951 births

Category:2023 deaths

Category:Scientists from Cincinnati

Category:American molecular biologists

Category:Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences

Category:Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences

Category:University of Cincinnati alumni

Category:Indiana University Bloomington alumni

Category:University of Rochester faculty

Category:Rockefeller University faculty

Category:Syracuse University faculty

Category:Baylor College of Medicine faculty

Category:Massry Prize recipients

Category:University of Virginia School of Medicine faculty

Category:Members of the National Academy of Medicine

Category:Recipients of the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research