Charles Pinckney National Historic Site

{{short description|National Historic Site of the United States}}

{{Infobox protected area

| name = Charles Pinckney National Historic Site

| photo = Snee House.jpg

| photo_caption = Snee Farm House, 1940

| location = Mount Pleasant, South Carolina, USA

| nearest_city = Charleston, South Carolina

| coordinates = {{coord|32|50|46|N|79|49|29|W|display=inline, title}}

| map = South Carolina#USA

| map_width =

| area_acre = 28.45

| area_ref = {{NPS area |year=2011 |accessdate=2012-12-26}}

| established = September 8, 1988

| visitation_num = 45,254

| visitation_year = 2011

| visitation_ref = {{NPS visitation|accessdate=2012-12-26}}

| governing_body = National Park Service

| website = [https://www.nps.gov/chpi/ Charles Pinckney National Historic Site]

{{Infobox NRHP

| name = Snee Farm-Charles Pinckney National Historic Site

| embed = yes

| nrhp_type = nhl

| image =

| caption =

| nearest_city = Mount Pleasant, South Carolina

| built = 1824

| added = April 13, 1973

| designated_nrhp_type = November 7, 1973

| refnum = 73001702{{NRISref|version=2010a}}

| increase = October 10, 2021

| increase_refnum = 100007048

}}

The Charles Pinckney National Historic Site is a unit of the United States National Park Service, preserving a portion of Charles Pinckney's Snee Farm plantation and country retreat.{{cite web|url=http://www.nps.gov/chpi/learn/historyculture/upload/CHPI_HRS.pdf|title=Cultural Resource History of Charles Pinckney National Historic Site|publisher=National Park Service|accessdate=2015-12-11}}{{Cite web | last = Snell | first = Charles W. | title = Snee Farm (Charles Pinckney Farm) | work = National Register of Historic Places - Nomination and Inventory | publisher = National Park Service | date = January 15, 1973 | url = {{NHLS url|id=73001702}} | format = pdf | accessdate = 4 June 2012}}{{Cite web | title = Snee Farm (Charles Pinckney Farm) | work = Photographs | publisher = National Park Service| url = {{NHLS url|id=73001702|photos=y}} | format = pdf | accessdate = 4 June 2012}}{{Cite web | title = Snee Farm, Charleston County (Long Point Rd, off U.S. Hwy. 17, Mount Pleasant vicinity) | work = National Register Properties in South Carolina | publisher = South Carolina Department of Archives and History | url = http://www.nationalregister.sc.gov/charleston/S10817710054/index.htm | accessdate = 4 June 2012 }} The site is located at 1254 Long Point Road, Mount Pleasant, South Carolina. Pinckney (1757-1824) was a member of a prominent political family in South Carolina. He fought in the American Revolutionary War, was held for a period as prisoner in the North, and returned to the state in 1783. Pinckney, a Founding Father of the United States, served as a delegate to the constitutional convention where he contributed to drafting the United States Constitution.

This Snee Farm site was designated as a National Historic Landmark in 1973, and was designated a National Historic Site in 1988.

Setting

The Charles Pinckney National Historic Site is located about {{convert|10|mi|km}} northeast of Charleston, South Carolina, on {{convert|25|acre|ha}} of Wando Neck, a peninsula formed at the confluence of the Wando and Cooper rivers. The site has wooded and swampy areas on the eastern and western parts of the property, and a manicured grassy area with ornamental plantings around the main house. The property includes, in addition to the main house, a barn, corncrib, and caretaker's residence. A stone cenotaph was erected in the late 20th century to commemorate Colonel Charles Pinckney, the father of governor Pinckney, who had acquired and developed Snee Farm as a rice and indigo plantation. It may have replaced an historic one installed by the younger Pinckney about 1785.

History

Snee Farm was acquired by Colonel Charles Pinckney in 1754 from widow Ann (Scott) Allen and her second husband, John Savage, who was a Charleston merchant;{{cite web |title=Owners of Historic Snee Farm |url=https://www.nps.gov/chpi/learn/historyculture/owners.htm |website=National Park Service |access-date=18 August 2021}} he developed its 715 acres for the commodity crops of rice and indigo. He bequeathed it to his son Charles, who inherited it in 1782. The younger Pinckney used Snee Farm as a working plantation and country estate (it was conveniently accessible to Charleston by boat) until about 1816, when he placed the property in trust to settle debts.

The property was acquired in 1817 by Francis G. Deliesselines, who had it surveyed. William Mathews, another Low Country planter, bought the property in 1828. He demolished the existing buildings and had a new main house built that year, apparently on the original site of the first foundations. Mathews also had other plantations, and held a total of 352 slaves, indicating that he owned thousands of acres. He owned Snee Farm into 1848.

The Coastal Cottage at Snee Farm is typical of its time, and representative of a vernacular style for country living, although it also features some refined spaces for entertaining. It is rectangular in plan with a side-gable roof, full-width front porch, and a brick pier foundation. The interior features elaborate molding, paneling, and other decorative details. A slave row of cabins was built perpendicular to the main road.[https://www.nps.gov/chpi/learn/historyculture/upload/CHPI_HRS.pdf CHAPTER TWO: "THE LOW COUNTRY COASTAL COTTAGE AND SNEE FARM, 1828 – 1941"], Charles Pinckney National Historic Site: Historic Resource Study, pp. 45-46

The 715-acre estate and its outbuildings remained largely intact until the 1970s, when the owners subdivided it to profit from development near Charleston. The central portion of the historic estate, the house and 28 acres, makes up the current site, which was purchased in 1988 by preservationists. Following the passage of enabling legislation by the United States Congress, the National Park Service purchased the current site. Because the site no longer has any structures associated with the Pinckneys, details of their time on the property are limited to archaeological and documentary work. The contemporary museum on the historic site includes artifacts from the Pinckneys and later owners of Snee Farm spanning almost 200 years. The over 173,000 objects held there include artifacts of plantation life such as slave-made pottery and 18th and 19th-century tableware.{{Cite web|title=Cultural and Natural Resources|url=https://www.nps.gov/chpi/learn/historyculture/resources.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170208113726/https://www.nps.gov/chpi/learn/historyculture/resources.htm |archive-date=2017-02-08 }}

Photos

{{gallery |height= 200

|File:Charles Pinckney.jpg|Charles Pinckney

|File:SNEE FARM.jpg|House in 2006

|File:Charles Pinckney Home.jpg|House in 2011

}}

References

The National Parks: Index 2001-2003. Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior.

External links

{{commons category-inline|Charles Pinckney National Historic Site}}
Official NPS website: [http://www.nps.gov/chpi/ Charles Pinckney National Historic Site]
[https://archive.org/stream/charlespinckneyn00vinc/charlespinckneyn00vinc_djvu.txt https://archive.org/stream/charlespinckneyn00vinc/charlespinckneyn00vinc_djvu.txt Charles Pinckney National Historic Site--Cultural Landscape Report], 1998
[http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/travel/charleston/ Historic Charleston's Religious and Community Buildings, a National Park Service Discover Our Shared Heritage Travel Itinerary]
{{HABS |survey=SC-87 |id=sc0291 |title=Snee Farm, 1240 Long Point Road, Mount Pleasant, Charleston County, SC|photos=48 |dwgs= 21|data=34 |cap=4}}
{{HABS |survey=SC-87-A |id=sc1146 |title=Snee Farm, Servant's House, 1240 Long Point Road, Mount Pleasant, Charleston County, SC|photos=10 |cap=1}}