Charles Stark Draper Prize
{{Short description|Engineering award}}
The U.S. National Academy of Engineering annually awards the Draper Prize,[https://www.nae.edu/20681.aspx Charles Stark Draper Prize – Home] which is given for the advancement of engineering and the education of the public about engineering. It is one of three prizes that constitute the "Nobel Prizes of Engineering"—the others are the Academy's Russ and Gordon Prizes. The Draper Prize is awarded biennially and the winner of each of these prizes receives $500,000.[https://www.nae.edu/20681/DraperPrize Charles Stark Draper Prize – Awards] The Draper prize is named for Charles Stark Draper, the "father of inertial navigation", an MIT professor and founder of Draper Laboratory.
Past winners
- 1989: Jack S. Kilby and Robert N. Noyce for their independent development of the monolithic integrated circuit
- 1991: Sir Frank Whittle and Hans von Ohain for their independent development of the turbojet engine
- 1993: John Backus for his development of FORTRAN, the first widely used, general purpose, high-level computer language{{cite web | title=John Backus | website=NAE Website | url=https://nae.edu/Activities/Projects/Awards/DraperPrize/DraperWinners/page1993/55073.aspx | access-date=27 September 2018}}
- 1995: John R. Pierce and Harold A. Rosen for their development of communication satellite technology
- 1997: Vladimir Haensel for his invention of "platforming"
- 1999: Charles K. Kao, Robert D. Maurer, and John B. MacChesney for the development of fiber optics
- 2001: Vinton G. Cerf, Robert E. Kahn, Leonard Kleinrock, and Lawrence G. Roberts for the development of the Internet
- 2002: Robert Langer for the bioengineering of revolutionary medical drug delivery systems{{cite web | title=Dr. Robert Langer | website=NAE Website | url=https://nae.edu/Activities/Projects/Awards/DraperPrize/DraperWinners/page2002/55035.aspx | access-date=27 September 2018}}
- 2003: Ivan A. Getting and Bradford W. Parkinson for their work developing the Global Positioning System
- 2004: Alan C. Kay, Butler W. Lampson, Robert W. Taylor, and Charles P. Thacker for their work on Alto, the first practical networked computer
- 2005: {{ill|Minoru S. Araki|lt=Minoru S. "Sam" Araki|de}}, {{ill|Francis J. Madden|de}}, {{ill|Edward A. Miller|de}}, James W. Plummer, and {{ill|Don H. Schoessler|de}} for the design, development, and operation of Corona, the first space-based Earth observation systems
- 2006: Willard S. Boyle and George E. Smith for the invention of the charge-coupled device (CCD), a light-sensitive component at the heart of digital cameras and other widely used imaging technologies
- 2007: Tim Berners-Lee for developing the World Wide Web{{cite web | title=Timothy J. Berners-Lee | website=NAE Website | url=https://nae.edu/Activities/Projects/Awards/DraperPrize/DraperWinners/page2007/54979.aspx | access-date=27 September 2018}}
- 2008: Rudolf E. Kálmán for developing the Kalman filter{{cite web | title=Rudolf Kalman | website=NAE Website | url=https://nae.edu/Activities/Projects/Awards/DraperPrize/DraperWinners/page2008/54973.aspx | access-date=27 September 2018}}
- 2009: Robert H. Dennard for his invention and contributions to the development of dynamic random access memory (DRAM), used universally in computers and other data processing and communication systems{{cite web | title=Robert H. Dennard | website=NAE Website | url=https://nae.edu/Activities/Projects/Awards/DraperPrize/DraperWinners/page20098972/54969.aspx | access-date=27 September 2018}}
- 2011: Frances H. Arnold and Willem P.C. Stemmer for their individual contributions to directed evolution, a process that allows researchers to guide the creation of certain properties in proteins and cells. This technique has been used in food ingredients, pharmaceuticals, toxicology, agricultural products, gene delivery systems, laundry aids, and biofuels
- 2012: George H. Heilmeier, Wolfgang Helfrich, Martin Schadt, and T. Peter Brody for their contributions to the development of liquid crystal display (LCD) technologies
- 2013: Thomas Haug, Martin Cooper, Yoshihisa Okumura (奥村 善久), Richard H. Frenkiel, and Joel S. Engel – mobile phone pioneers who laid the groundwork for cellular telephone networks (GSM) and today's smartphone.[https://www.nae.edu/Activities/Projects/Awards/DraperPrize/DraperWinners/67245.aspx 2015 Draper Prize – NAE] Retrieved 2018-10-04.
- 2014: John Goodenough, {{ill|Yoshio Nishi (engineer)|lt=Yoshio Nishi|qid=Q29535116}} (西 美緒), Rachid Yazami and Akira Yoshino (吉野 彰) – rechargeable battery pioneers who laid the groundwork for today's lithium-ion battery.
- 2015: Isamu Akasaki, M. George Craford, Russell Dupuis, Nick Holonyak, Jr. and Shuji Nakamura for the invention, development, and commercialization of materials and processes for light-emitting diodes (LEDs).[http://www.draperprize.org/news.php#LEDPioneers 2015 Draper Prize] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110225031500/http://www.draperprize.org/news.php#LEDPioneers#LEDPioneers |date=2011-02-25 }} Retrieved 2014-01-07.[https://www.nae.edu/Projects/Awards/DraperPrize/DraperWinners.aspx 2015 Draper Prize – NAE] Retrieved 2015-01-07.
- 2016: Andrew J. Viterbi for development of the Viterbi algorithm, its transformational impact on digital wireless communications, and its significant applications in speech recognition and synthesis and in bioinformatics.[http://www.nae.edu/Projects/Awards/DraperPrize/DraperWinners/2016Draper.aspx 2016 Draper Prize – NAE]
- 2018: Bjarne Stroustrup for conceptualizing and developing the C++ programming language.[https://www.nae.edu/Activities/Projects/Awards/DraperPrize/DraperWinners/2018Draper/177032.aspx 2018 Draper Prize – NAE]
- 2020: Jean Fréchet and C. Grant Willson for the invention, development, and commercialization of chemically amplified materials for micro- and nanofabrication, enabling the extreme miniaturization of microelectronic devices.[https://www.nae.edu/224065/Photoresist-Pioneers-Receive-the-2020-Charles-Stark-Draper-Prize-for-Engineering 2020 Draper Prize – NAE]
- 2022: Steve B. Furber, John L. Hennessy, David A. Patterson and Sophie M. Wilson for contributions to the invention, development, and implementation of reduced instruction set computer (RISC) chips.{{Cite web|url=https://www.nae.edu/55291/DraperWinners|title=Recipients of the Charles Stark Draper Prize for Engineering}}
- 2024: Stuart Parkin for engineering spintronic technologies, enabling digital information storage that serves as a foundation for today’s data-driven world.{{cite web |title=Prof. Stuart Parkin awarded the prestigious Charles Stark Draper Prize for Engineering |url=https://www.mpi-halle.mpg.de/stuart-parkin-charles-stark-draper-prize2024 |website=www.mpi-halle.mpg.de |access-date=15 January 2024 |language=en}}
The NAE website shows that no Draper Prize was awarded in 2010, 2017, 2019 or 2021.[https://www.nae.edu/Activities/Projects/Awards/DraperPrize/DraperWinners.aspx#tabs Previous Recipients] Since the award is a biennial one, it was probably only given in even years beginning in 2016. The Russ Prize, also from the NAE, is awarded in odd years.
See also
References
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Category:Awards of the United States National Academy of Engineering