Charlie-class submarine

The Charlie I-class submarine (Project 670 Skat) SSGN was first launched at the Krasnoye Sormovo inland shipyard at Gorkiy in 1967 with another ten following over a period of five years. The Charlie Is had two banks of four missile tubes angled upwards on each side of the bow outside the pressure hull. The tubes were covered by large outer doors and the design was to incorporate the P-120 Malakhit (SS-N-9 Siren) medium-range anti-ship missile. Due to delays in the missile development, the missile was substituted with the shorter range P-70 Ametist (SS-N-7 Starbright) submerged launch missile which itself was a development of the P-15 Termit (SS-N-2 Styx) surface-launched missile.{{Citation needed|date=July 2010}} The missiles were designed for pop up surprise attacks on high value surface targets such as aircraft carriers.

In 1972 to 1979, six improved units called the Project 670M Skat-M (Charlie II class) were built. The improved Charlie IIs were built at Gorkiy with an {{convert|8|m|ftin|abbr=on}} insert in the hull forward of the fin. The insert incorporated electronics and launch systems for targeting and firing of the longer range P-120 Malakhit anti-ship missile.

The Charlie Is and IIs returned to port for reload once they had expended their missile payloads. However, the Charlie class{{'}}s secondary armament of torpedoes and sonar systems provided useful anti-ship and anti-submarine warfare capabilities in addition to their missile launch capabilities.

The last Charlie was retired in 1994. While still operational, one unit of the class was leased to the Indian Navy between 1988 and 1991, mainly for India to gain experience in the operations of a nuclear submarine.

• 11 Project 670 (Charlie I) submarines were built between 1968 and 1973. K-43 was leased to the Indian Navy as Chakra from 1988 to 1992. {{ship|Soviet submarine|K-429||2}} sank near Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky in 1983 with 16 fatalities, but was raised and used as a harbour training hulk. On 13 September 1985, {{ship|Soviet submarine|K-429||2}} sank at her moorings. She was again raised and decommissioned.{{citation_needed|date=August 2019}}
• 6 Project 670M (Charlie II) submarines were built between 1973 and 1980.{{citation_needed|date=August 2019}}

All boats were scrapped between 1990 and 1994.{{citation_needed|date=August 2019}}

{{Reflist|30em}}

• {{cite book |last1=Hampshire |first1=Edward |title=Soviet Cruise Missile Submarines of the Cold War |date=2018 |publisher=Osprey Publishing |location=London |isbn=978-1-47282-499-8}}
• {{cite book |last1=Pavlov |first1=A. S. |title=Warships of the USSR and Russia 1945–1995 |date=1997 |publisher=Naval Institute Press |location=Annapolis, Maryland |isbn=1-55750-671-X}}
• {{cite book|last1=Polmar|first1=Norman|authorlink1=Norman Polmar|last2=Moore|first2=Kenneth J. |title=Cold War Submarines: The Design and Construction of U.S. and Soviet Submarines |year=2004 |publisher=Potomac Books |location=Washington, D. C.|isbn=978-1-57488-594-1 |name-list-style=amp}}
• {{cite book|last1=Polmar|first1=Norman|last2=Noot|first2=Jurrien|title=Submarines of the Russian and Soviet Navies, 1718–1990|year=1991 |publisher=Naval Institute Press |location=Annapolis, Maryland|isbn=0-87021-570-1|name-list-style=amp}}
• {{cite book |last1=Vilches Alarcón |first1=Alejandro A. |title=From Juliettes to Yasens: Development and Operational History of Soviet Cruise-Missile Submarines |date=2022 |publisher=Helion & Co. |location=Warwick, UK |isbn=978-1-915070-68-5|series=Europe @ War (22)}}

• [http://ship.bsu.by/main.asp?id=101423 Article in Russian from Encyclopedia of Ships] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080406110956/http://ship.bsu.by/main.asp?id=101423 |date=2008-04-06 }}
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20050901050735/http://www.submarine.id.ru/sub.php?670 Article in Russian]
• [https://fas.org/nuke/guide/russia/theater/670.htm Page in English from FAS]

{{Charlie class submarine}}

{{Soviet and Russian submarines after 1945}}

{{Submarines of the Indian_Navy}}

{{Ship classes of the Indian Navy}}

Category:Submarine classes

Category:Submarine classes of the Russian and Soviet Navy

Category:Nuclear submarines of the Soviet Navy