Chavusy
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{{Infobox settlement
| name = Chavusy
| native_name = Чавусы
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| settlement_type = Town
| image_skyline = Chausy s visoty.jpg
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| image_flag = Flag of Chausy.jpg
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| image_shield = Coat of Arms of Čavusy, Belarus.png
| shield_alt = Coat of Arms of Chavusy
| flag_size = 150
| shield_size = 75
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| pushpin_map = Belarus
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| coordinates = {{coord|53|48|27|N|30|58|17|E|display=inline,title}}
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| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = Belarus
| subdivision_type1 = Region
| subdivision_name1 = Mogilev Region
| subdivision_type2 = District
| subdivision_name2 = Chavusy District
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| unit_pref = Metric
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| population_total = 9,817
|population_as_of = 2024
| population_density_km2 = auto
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| timezone = MSK
| utc_offset = +3
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File:Train station in Chausy3.jpg
Chavusy or Chausy ({{langx|be|Чавусы|Čavusy}}; {{langx|ru|Чаусы}}; {{langx|pl|Czausy}}; Yiddish: טשאָוס) is a town in Mogilev Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Chavusy District. In 2009, its population was 10,692.{{cite web|url=http://belstat.gov.by/homep/ru/perepic/2009/vihod_tables/1.2-7.pdf|script-title=ru:Численность населения областей и районов: Могилевская|publisher=Национальный статистический комитет Республики Беларусь|language=Russian|accessdate=19 February 2012|archive-date=18 September 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100918181854/http://belstat.gov.by/homep/ru/perepic/2009/vihod_tables/1.2-7.pdf|url-status=dead}} As of 2024, it has a population of 9,817.
Jewish history
It once was a substantial Jewish shtetl, which dated from the 17th century, as appears from a charter granted to the Jews January 11, 1667, by Michał Kazimierz Pac, castellan of Wilno, and confirmed by King Augustus III of Poland. March 9, 1739.
In 1780, at the time of a visit of Catherine II, there was a Jewish population of 355, in 1,057; and the town possessed one synagogue. In 1803 the Jewish population was 453, in 1,185; in 1870 it was 2,433, in 4,167; and in 1897, 2,775, in about 6,000. Some of the Jewish artisans were employed in the tanneries and in silk and woolen factories. The Jewish population in the district of Chaussy (including the town) in 1897 was 7,444, or 8.42 per cent of the total population.
Chaussy was occupied during World War II by the Germans beginning in July 1941.{{cite web |url=http://mogjewshistory.ru/chausy1 |title=Чаусы |author= |date= |website= |publisher= |access-date=January 31, 2019 |quote=}} Though a portion of the Jewish population was able to escape before the Germans arrived, the remaining Jews were registered, marked and subjected to forced labor under the German occupation. The first two round-ups of Jews occurred in August 1941, in which approximately 50 Jews were killed.{{cite web |url=http://mogjewshistory.ru/chausy1 |title=Чаусы |author= |date= |website= |publisher= |access-date=January 31, 2019 |quote=}} Overall, approximately 675 Jews were executed in Chaussy.{{cite web|title=Execution Sites of Jewish Victims Investigated by Yahad-In Unum|url=http://yahadmap.org/#village/chavusy-chausy-mogilev-belarus.377|website=Yahad Interactive Map|accessdate=6 January 2015}} In 1952-53, thanks to funds collected from the relatives of victims, the remains of the victims were reburied at the Jewish cemetery. A total of 127 bags of remains were reburied, and the first memorial was erected in 1958, which was later replaced by a second one.
Notable residents
- Ekaterina Ivanchikova (born 1987), singer
References
{{Reflist}}
Bibliography
- {{JewishEncyclopedia|url=http://jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=392&letter=C|article=Chaussy|author=Herman Rosenthal}}
External links
- [http://www.yadvashem.org/untoldstories/database/index.asp?cid=189 The murder of the Jews of Chavusy] during World War II, at Yad Vashem website.
{{Commons category|Čavusy|Chavusy}}
{{Mogilev Region}}
{{Authority control}}
Category:Populated places in Belarus
Category:Populated places in Mogilev region