Chechelnyk
{{short description|Rural locality in Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Chechelnyk
| settlement_type = Rural settlement
| image_skyline = Синагога, смт. Чечельник.jpg
| image_caption = The Synagogue of Chechelnyk, late 18th century
| image_flag =
| image_shield = Chechelnyk gerb.png
| pushpin_map = Ukraine Vinnytsia Oblast#Ukraine
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_caption =
| coordinates = {{coord|48.217|N|29.350|E|display=it}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{UKR}}
| subdivision_type1 = Province
| subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Vinnytsia Oblast}}
| subdivision_type2 = District
| subdivision_name2 = {{flag|Haisyn Raion}}
| established_title =
| established_date =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 7,94
| area_note =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_footnotes =
| population_total = 4785
| population_as_of = 2022
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_note =
| timezone = EET
| utc_offset = +2
| timezone_DST = EEST
| utc_offset_DST = +3
| postal_code_type = Postal code
| postal_code =
| area_code_type = Area code
| area_code =
| footnotes =
}}
Chechelnyk (earlier also Chichelnik;{{efn|Alternate spellings: Chetschelnik, Chitchilnik, Cicelnic, Czeczelnik, Tschetschelnik, depending on the destination language.Gary Mokotoff, Sallyann Amdur Sack, and Alexander Sharon, Where Once We Walked: A Guide to the Jewish Communities Destroyed in the Holocaust (Avotaynu, 2002: {{ISBN|1-886223-15-7}}), p. 57.}} {{langx|uk|Чечельни́к}} {{IPA|uk|tʃetʃelʲˈnɪk|}}) is a rural settlement on the Savranka River (a tributary of the Southern Bug) in Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine, near Odesa Oblast, located in the historic region of Podolia. Chechelnyk was formerly the administrative center of Chechelnyk Raion, although it is now administrated under the Haisyn Raion. The economy is based on the food industry, especially alcohol production. Population: {{Ua-pop-est2022|4,785}}
History
Chechelnyk was founded "as a refuge from Tatars and landlords"Benjamin Moser, Why This World: A Biography of Clarice Lispector (Oxford University Press US, 2009: {{ISBN|0-19-538556-X}}), p. 32. in the early 16th century and achieved the status of a town in 1635. Until the Partitions of Poland Czeczelnik was part of the Bracław Voivodeship of the Lesser Poland Province. It was a private town of Poland, owned by the House of Lubomirski.Geographical Dictionary of the Kingdom of Poland, vol. 1, p. 781Микола Крикун, "Воєводства Правобережної України у XVI-XVIII століттях: Статті і матеріали", p. 524 The 5th Polish Vanguard Regiment was stationed in Czeczelnik in 1789, and the 2nd Polish Vanguard Regiment was stationed there in 1792.{{cite book|last=Gembarzewski|first=Bronisław|title=Rodowody pułków polskich i oddziałów równorzędnych od r. 1717 do r. 1831|year=1925|language=pl|publisher=Towarzystwo Wiedzy Wojskowej|location=Warszawa|pages=11–12}}
Later it became part of the Podolian Governorate of the Russian Empire. Between 1795 and 1812 it was renamed Olgopil. In 1898 the population was 7,000, of whom 1,967 were Jews. Like most of Podolia, the town suffered terribly during the First World War and 1917-1921 Ukrainian War of Independence; during the summer of 1920, "the south of Podillya seethed with counterrevolution... and Olgopil County, where Chechelnyk is located, was the most unstable area in all of Podillya."Moser, Why This World, p. 32.
Until 26 January 2024, Chechelnyk was designated urban-type settlement. On this day, a new law entered into force which abolished this status, and Chechelnyk became a rural settlement.{{cite news |title=Что изменится в Украине с 1 января |url=https://glavnoe.in.ua/ru/novosti/chto-yzmenytsya-v-ukrayne-s-1-yanvarya |work=glavnoe.in.ua |lang=ru| date=1 January 2024}}
Notable residents
- Brazilian writer Clarice Lispector was born in Chechelnyk during a pause in the family's journey to escape Russia.
Notes
{{Notelist}}
References
{{reflist}}
External links
- [http://jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=404&letter=C Chechelnik] at JewishEncyclopedia.com
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20110202145420/http://chechelnyk.com/ Chechelnyk.com] (in Ukrainian)
- {{JewishGen-LocalityPage|1036900|Chechelnyk, Ukraine}}
{{Haisyn Raion}}
{{Authority control}}