Login
Login

Cheilanthes

{{Short description|Genus of ferns}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| image = Cheilanthes parryi 1.jpg

| image_caption = Cheilanthes parryi

| taxon = Cheilanthes

| authority = Sw.{{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?13099 |title=Genus: Cheilanthes Sw. |work=Germplasm Resources Information Network |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture |date=2007-10-05 |access-date=2011-06-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923224204/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?13099 |archive-date=2015-09-23 |url-status=dead }}

| type_species = Cheilanthes micropteris

| type_species_authority = Sw.

| subdivision = See text

| synonyms =

  • Chrysochosma (J.Sm.) Kümmerle
  • Cincinalis Gled. ex Desv.
  • Leptolepidium K.H.Hsing & S.K.Wu
  • Neurosoria Mett. ex Kuhn
  • Oeosporangium Vis.
  • Pomatophytum M.E.Jones

}}

Cheilanthes, commonly known as lip ferns,{{ITIS |id=17432 |taxon=Cheilanthes |accessdate=2011-10-23}} is a genus of about 180 species of rock-dwelling ferns with a cosmopolitan distribution in warm, dry, rocky regions, often growing in small crevices high up on cliffs. Most are small, sturdy and evergreen. The leaves, often densely covered in trichomes, spring directly from the rootstocks. Many of them are desert ferns, curling up during dry times and reviving with the coming of moisture. At the ends of veins sporangia, or spore-bearing structures, are protected by leaf margins, which curl over them.

Taxonomy

The genus name is derived from the Greek words χεῖλος (cheilos), meaning "lip," and ἄνθος (anthos), meaning "flower."{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zy1hcSGaaDAC |title=A Natural History of Ferns |first=Robbin Craig |last=Moran |publisher=Timber Press |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-88192-667-5 |page=94}}

Cheilanthes as traditionally circumscribed is now known to be highly paraphyletic, comprising at least four generically separate groups. The type species, C. micropteris, is most closely allied to the genera Aleuritopteris and Sinopteris (Schuettpelz et al.). In the early 21st century, many species, principally from the New World, were moved into the new genus Gaga and the revived genus Myriopteris. Further work remains to be done to render Cheilanthes monophyletic. Members of many other cheilanthoid genera have at times been given names in the genus.

Species

The circumscription of the genus was uncertain {{As of|2020|January|lc=yes}}. The Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World lists species in several distinct groups.

Cheilanthes sensu stricto contains about 20 species from North and tropical Central and South America:

{{Div col|colwidth=25em}}

{{Div col end}}

Cheilanthes sensu lato contains about 50 species that molecular phylogenetic studies suggest do not form a clade with the core Cheilanthes species, falling into separate clades, but for which no placement outside Cheilanthes was available {{As of|2019|November|lc=yes}}:{{refn|name=note1|Based on searching for all Cheilanthes species and removing those found by searching for "Cheilanthes Sw." in the Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World.}}

{{Div col|colwidth=25em}}

{{Div col end}}

References

{{Commons category}}

{{Wikispecies}}

{{Reflist|refs=

{{Citation |mode=cs1 |last1=Hassler |first1=Michael |last2=Schmitt |first2=Bernd |date=November 2019 |contribution=Search for Cheilanthes |title=Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World |at=8.11 |url=https://worldplants.webarchiv.kit.edu/ferns/ |access-date=2020-01-02 |name-list-style=amp |archive-date=2017-09-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170902225743/http://worldplants.webarchiv.kit.edu/ferns/ |url-status=dead }}

{{Citation |mode=cs1 |last1=Hassler |first1=Michael |last2=Schmitt |first2=Bernd |date=November 2019 |contribution=Search for Cheilanthes Sw. |title=Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World |at=8.11 |url=https://worldplants.webarchiv.kit.edu/ferns/ |access-date=2020-01-02 |name-list-style=amp |archive-date=2017-09-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170902225743/http://worldplants.webarchiv.kit.edu/ferns/ |url-status=dead }}

}}

  • [http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/cgi-bin/nph-readbtree.pl/feout?FAMILY_XREF=&GENUS_XREF=Cheilanthes&SPECIES_XREF=&TAXON_NAME_XREF=&RANK= Flora Europaea: Cheilanthes]
  • [http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=106570 Flora of North America: Cheilanthes]
  • [http://www.chilebosque.cl/gfer/cglau.html Cheilanthes glauca pictures from Chilebosque.]
  • "[http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9048434 lip fern]." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 30 Nov 2007.

{{Taxonbar|from=Q2628740}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Fern genera

Category:Taxa named by Olof Swartz