The Chemnitz dialect is a distinct German dialect of the city of Chemnitz and an urban variety of Vorerzgebirgisch, a variant of Upper Saxon German.{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=231}}

Phonology

=Consonants=

class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" \|+ Consonant phonemes{{sfnp\|Khan\|Weise\|2013\|p=231}}
colspan="2" \| ! Labial ! Dental ! Postalveolar ! Dorsal ! Glottal
colspan="2" \| Nasal \| {{IPA link\|m}} \| {{IPA link\|n̪\|n}} \| \| {{IPA link\|ŋ}} \|
rowspan="2" \| Plosive ! {{small\|fortis}} \| \| \| \| {{IPA link\|kʰ}} \|
{{small\|lenis}} \| {{IPA link\|p}} \| {{IPA link\|t̪\|t}} \| \| {{IPA link\|k}} \|
colspan="2" \| Fricative \| {{IPA link\|f}} \| {{IPA link\|s̪\|s}} \| {{IPA link\|ʃ}} \| {{IPA link\|χ}} \| {{IPA link\|h}}
colspan="2" \| Approximant \| {{IPA link\|ʋ}} \| \| \| {{IPA link\|j}} \|
colspan="2" \| Liquid \| \| {{IPA link\|l̪\|l}} \| \| {{IPA link\|ʁ}} \|

class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"

|+ Consonant phonemes{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=231}}

colspan="2" |

! Labial

! Dental

! Postalveolar

! Dorsal

! Glottal

colspan="2" | Nasal

| {{IPA link|m}}

| {{IPA link|n̪|n}}

| {{IPA link|ŋ}}

rowspan="2" | Plosive

! {{small|fortis}}

| {{IPA link|kʰ}}

| {{IPA link|p}}

| {{IPA link|t̪|t}}

| {{IPA link|k}}

colspan="2" | Fricative

| {{IPA link|f}}

| {{IPA link|s̪|s}}

| {{IPA link|ʃ}}

| {{IPA link|χ}}

| {{IPA link|h}}

colspan="2" | Approximant

| {{IPA link|ʋ}}

| {{IPA link|j}}

colspan="2" | Liquid

| {{IPA link|l̪|l}}

| {{IPA link|ʁ}}

{{IPA|/m, p/}} are bilabial, whereas {{IPA|/f, ʋ/}} are labiodental.{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|pp=231–232}}
{{IPA|/n, t, l, s/}} are dental {{IPA|[{{IPAplink|n̪}}, {{IPAplink|t̪}}, {{IPAplink|l̪}}, {{IPAplink|s̪}}]}}.{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=231}}
{{IPA|/t/}} is alveolar {{IPAblink|t|t͇}} after {{IPA|/ʃ/}}.{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=235}}
{{IPA|/ŋ, kʰ, k/}} are velar, {{IPA|/χ, ʁ/}} are uvular, and {{IPA|/j/}} is palatal. {{IPA|/χ-ʁ/}} do not constitute a voiceless-voiced pair.{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|pp=231–232}}
The {{IPA|/kʰ–k/}} contrast is restricted to the word-initial position. In many cases, it corresponds to the {{IPA|/k–ɡ/}} contrast in Standard German.{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|pp=232–233}}
{{IPA|/ʁ/}} occurs only in onsets, and it has a few possible pronunciations, which are in free variation with one another:{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=235}}
Voiced uvular approximant {{IPAblink|ʁ̞}};{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=235}}
Voiced {{IPAblink|ʁ}} or voiceless {{IPA|[ʁ̥]}} lenis uvular fricative;{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=235}}
Voiceless uvular trill {{IPAblink|ʀ̥}};{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=235}}
Voiceless lenis uvular stop {{IPAblink|q}}.{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=235}}
{{IPA|/p, t, k, f, s, ʃ, χ/}} may be voiced between sonorants.{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|pp=232–233}}
Word-final {{IPA|/p, t, k/}} are sometimes voiced to {{IPA|[{{IPAplink|b}}, {{IPAplink|d̪|d}}, {{IPAplink|ɡ}}]}}.{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=232}}
Word-initially, the {{IPA|/t–k/}} contrast is neutralized before {{IPA|/l/}}, which means that e.g. the word Kleid ('dress') can be pronounced as either {{IPA|[tleːt]}} or {{IPA|[kleːt]}}.{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=234}}
When a stop or fricative precedes, the sequences {{IPA|/əm, ən, əŋ, əl/}} can be realized as syllabic consonants {{IPA|[m̩, n̩, ŋ̍, l̩]}}. The nasals appear depending on the place of articulation of the preceding consonant, so that it can be bilabial {{IPA|[m̩]}}, dental {{IPA|[n̩]}}, velar {{IPA|[ŋ̍]}} or uvular {{IPAblink|ɴ|ɴ̩}}.{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=235}}
When another nasal precedes a syllabic nasal, such sequence is realized as a single consonant of variable length.{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=235}}
Non-phonemic glottal stop {{IPAblink|ʔ}} is inserted in two cases:
Before word-initial vowels, even the unstressed ones.{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=235}}
Before stressed syllable-initial vowels within words.{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=235}}

=Vowels=

Image:Chemnitz German monophthongs chart.svgs of the Chemnitz dialect, from {{Harvcoltxt|Khan|Weise|2013|pp=236–237}}. Red vowels are pharyngealized.]]

style="vertical-align: top;" \| {\| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" \|+Plain{{sfnp\|Khan\|Weise\|2013\|p=236}}
rowspan="2" \| ! colspan="2" \| [-back] ! colspan="2" \| [+back]
{{small\|short}} ! {{small\|long}} ! {{small\|short}} ! {{small\|long}}
class="nounderlines" ! Close \| {{IPA link\|ɪ}} \| {{IPA link\|iː}} \| {{IPA link\|ɵ}} \| {{IPA link\|ʉː}}
class="nounderlines" ! Close-mid \| \| {{IPA link\|eː}} \| \| {{IPA link\|ɵː}}
class="nounderlines" ! Open-mid \| {{IPA link\|ɛ}} \| {{IPA link\|ɛː}} \| {{IPA link\|ɞ̝\|ɞ}} \|
class="nounderlines" ! Open \| colspan="2" \| \| {{IPA link\|ɜ\|ʌ}} \| {{IPA link\|ɜ\|ʌː}}

style="vertical-align: top;"

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"

|+Plain{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=236}}

rowspan="2" |

! colspan="2" | [-back]

! colspan="2" | [+back]

! {{small|long}}

! {{small|short}}

! {{small|long}}

class="nounderlines"

! Close

| {{IPA link|ɪ}}

| {{IPA link|iː}}

| {{IPA link|ɵ}}

| {{IPA link|ʉː}}

class="nounderlines"

! Close-mid

| {{IPA link|eː}}

| {{IPA link|ɵː}}

class="nounderlines"

! Open-mid

| {{IPA link|ɛ}}

| {{IPA link|ɛː}}

| {{IPA link|ɞ̝|ɞ}}

class="nounderlines"

! Open

| colspan="2" |

| {{IPA link|ɜ|ʌ}}

| {{IPA link|ɜ|ʌː}}

| valign="top" |

class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" \|+Pharyngealized{{sfnp\|Khan\|Weise\|2013\|p=237}}
rowspan="2" \| ! rowspan="2" \| Unrounded ! colspan="2" \| Rounded
{{small\|short}} ! {{small\|long}}
class="nounderlines" ! Close \| \| \| {{IPA link\|ʊ\|ʊˤː}}
Close-mid \| \| {{IPA link\|o\|oˤ}} \| {{IPA link\|o\|oˤː}}
Open-mid \| {{IPA link\|ʌ̝\|ʌˤː}} \| \| {{IPA link\|ɔ\|ɔˤː}}
Open \| {{IPA link\|æ\|aˤː}} \| \|

class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"

|+Pharyngealized{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=237}}

rowspan="2" |

! rowspan="2" | Unrounded

! colspan="2" | Rounded

! {{small|long}}

class="nounderlines"

! Close

| {{IPA link|ʊ|ʊˤː}}

Close-mid

| {{IPA link|o|oˤ}}

| {{IPA link|o|oˤː}}

Open-mid

| {{IPA link|ʌ̝|ʌˤː}}

| {{IPA link|ɔ|ɔˤː}}

Open

| {{IPA link|æ|aˤː}}

| valign="top" |

class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" \|+Non-native{{sfnp\|Khan\|Weise\|2013\|p=238}}
! {{small\|Short}} ! {{small\|Long}}
Close \| {{IPA link\|ʏ}} \| {{IPA link\|yː}}
Close-mid \| \| {{IPA link\|øː}}
Open-mid \| {{IPA link\|œ}} \|

class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"

|+Non-native{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=238}}

! {{small|Short}}

! {{small|Long}}

| {{IPA link|ʏ}}

| {{IPA link|yː}}

Close-mid

| {{IPA link|øː}}

Open-mid

| {{IPA link|œ}}

The pharyngealized vowels correspond to the sequences of vowel + {{IPA|/r/}} in the standard language.{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=237}}
The non-native vowels are occasionally used in cognates of some Standard German words, such as brüder {{IPA|[ˈpʁyːtoˤ]}} ('brothers'). In other cases, they are pronounced the same as {{IPA|/ɪ, iː, ɛ, eː/}}.{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=238}}
Unstressed short oral monophthongs may fall together as {{IPAblink|ə}}.{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=236}}
{{IPA|/ʊˤː, oˤː, ʌˤː, ɔˤː, aˤː/}} are often diphthongal {{IPA|[ʊːɒ̯ˤ, oːɒ̯ˤ, ɪːɒ̯ˤ, ɔːɒ̯ˤ, ɛːɒ̯ˤ]}} in careful speech. Monophthongal realizations are optionally shortened in certain positions.{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|pp=236–237}}
{{IPA|/oˤ/}} corresponds to Standard German {{IPAblink|ɐ}}.{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=237}}
Monophthongs are somewhat retracted when they precede dorsals, except {{IPA|/j/}}. The retraction is strongest before {{IPA|/χ, ʁ/}}. To a certain extent, this is also true of monophthongs that follow dorsal consonants.{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=238}}
Monophthongs are allophonically pharyngealized if a vowel in the following syllable is pharyngealized.{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=238}}
The phonetic quality of the monophthongs is as follows:
{{IPA|/iː, ʉː, ɵ, ɵː, ʊˤː/}} are close to the canonical values of the corresponding IPA symbols {{IPA|[{{IPAplink|iː}}, {{IPAplink|ʉː}}, {{IPAplink|ɵ}}, {{IPAplink|ɵː}}, {{IPAplink|ʊ|ʊˤː}}]}}.{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|pp=236–237}}
{{IPA|/ɪ/}} is close-mid {{IPAblink|ɪ|ɪ̞}}.{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=236}}
{{IPA|/eː, ɛ, ɛː, oˤ, oˤː, ɔˤː/}} are more central than the canonical values of the corresponding IPA symbols: {{IPA|[{{IPAplink|e|ëː}}, {{IPAplink|ɛ|ɛ̈}}, {{IPAplink|ɛ|ɛ̈ː}}, {{IPAplink|o|öˤ}}, {{IPAplink|o|öˤː}}, {{IPAplink|ɔ|ɔ̈ˤː}}]}}.{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|pp=236–237}}
{{IPA|/ɞ/}} is mid {{IPAblink|ɞ̝}}.{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=236}}
{{IPA|/ʌˤː/}} is mid near-back {{IPAblink|ʌ̝|ʌ̝̈ˤː}}.{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=237}}
{{IPA|/ʌ, ʌː/}} are central {{IPA|[{{IPAplink|ɜ}}, {{IPAplink|ɜː}}]}}.{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=236}}
{{IPA|/aˤː/}} is near-open near-front {{IPAblink|æ|ä̝ˤː}}.{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=237}}

Image:Chemnitz German diphthongs chart.svgs of the Chemnitz dialect, from {{Harvcoltxt|Khan|Weise|2013|p=237}}.]]

class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" \|+Diphthong phonemes{{sfnp\|Khan\|Weise\|2013\|p=237}} ! rowspan="2" \| ! colspan="2" \| Ending point
{{small\|unrounded}} ! {{small\|rounded}}
Mid \| \| {{IPA\|ɞʏ}}
Open \| {{IPA\|ae}} \| {{IPA\|aɵ}}

class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"

|+Diphthong phonemes{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=237}}

! rowspan="2" |

! colspan="2" | Ending point

! {{small|rounded}}

Mid

| {{IPA|ɞʏ}}

Open

| {{IPA|ae}}

| {{IPA|aɵ}}

The starting point of {{IPA|/ɞʏ/}} is higher and more front than the canonical value of the corresponding IPA symbol ({{IPAblink|ɞ̝|ɞ̝˖}}).{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=237}}
The starting points of {{IPA|/ae/}} and {{IPA|/aɵ/}} are higher and more central than the canonical value of the corresponding IPA symbol ({{IPAblink|æ|ä̝}}).{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=237}}
The ending points of Chemnitz German diphthongs are close to the canonical values of the corresponding IPA symbols ({{IPA|[{{IPAplink|ʏ}}, {{IPAplink|e}}, {{IPAplink|ɵ}}]}}).{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=237}}

=Sample=

The sample text is a reading of the first sentence of The North Wind and the Sun.{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=239}}

==Broad phonetic transcription==

{{IPA|[ˈeːnəs ˈtʌːχəs hʌmʃ toˤ ˈnoˤːtʋɪnt ɵnt tə ˈsɞnə kəˈtsʌŋt {{!}} ʋaˤː fɞn ˈpeːtn̩ tɛn nʉː toˤ ˈʃtaˤːkʁə ɪs {{!}} ɛls ə ˈʋʌntʁoˤ mɪt nəm ˈʋɔˤːmən ˈmʌntl̩ ʌn {{!}} foˤˈpeːkʰʌːm]}}{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=239}}

==Orthographic version (standard German)==

{{lang|de|Eines Tages haben sich der Nordwind und die Sonne gezankt, wer von den beiden denn nun der Stärkere ist, als ein Wanderer mit einem warmen Mantel an, vorbeikam.}}{{sfnp|Khan|Weise|2013|p=239}}