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Chernigov Governorate

{{Short description|1802–1925 unit of Russia and Ukraine}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2023}}

{{Infobox Former Subdivision

| native_name = Черниговская губерния (Russian)
Чернігівська губернія (Ukrainian)

| conventional_long_name = Chernigov Governorate
Chernihiv Governorate

| common_name = Chernigov

| subdivision = Governorate

| nation = the Russian Empire (1802–1917) and Ukrainian successor states (1917–1925){{efn|as Chernihiv Governorate}}

| capital = Chernigov{{efn|name=orChernihiv|Chernihiv in Ukrainian}}

| political_subdiv = uezds:{{bulleted list |15 (1802-1918) |18 (1918–19) |11 (1919–23)}}5 okruhas (1923–25)

| today = Bryansk Oblast
Chernihiv Oblast
Kyiv Oblast
Sumy Oblast

| event_start = Established

| year_start = 1802

| event_end = Abolished

| year_end = 1925

| image_coat = Coat of arms of Chernigov Governorate.svg

| image_map = Chernigov Governorate (1913).png

| image_map_caption = Chernigov Governorate in 1913

| image_map2 = Chernigov in Russian Empire (1914).svg

| image_map2_caption = Location in the Russian Empire

| p1 = Little Russia Governorate (1796–1802)

| s1 = Chernihiv Okruha

| s2 = Hlukhiv Okruha

| s3 = Konotop Okruha

| s4 = Nizhyn Okruha

| s5 = Gomel Governorate

| stat_year1 = (1897)

| stat_area1 = 52,396

| stat_pop1 = 2,298,000

}}

Chernigov Governorate{{efn|{{bulleted list|{{langx|ru|Черниговская губерния, pre-1918: Черниговская губернія}}, romanized: Chernigovskaya guberniya}}}} was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire. It was officially created in 1802 from the disbanded Little Russia Governorate and had its capital in Chernigov{{efn|name=orChernihiv}}.

Its borders encompassed the modern Chernihiv Oblast, but also included a large section of Sumy Oblast and smaller sections of the Kyiv Oblast of Ukraine, in addition to a large part of Bryansk Oblast of Russia.

From 1918 to 1925, it was referred to as Chernihiv Governorate{{efn|{{bulleted list|{{langx|uk|Чернігівська губернія|translit=Chernihivska huberniia}}}}}} as part of Ukrainian successor states of the Russian Empire during and after the civil war, namely of the Ukrainian People's Republic, the Ukrainian State and the Ukrainian SSR.

Administrative division

When part of the Russian Empire, the governorate consisted of 15 uyezds (their administrative centres in brackets):

Of these, 11 were in territory inhabited by Ukrainians: Borzna, Hlukhiv, Horodnia, Kozelets, Konotop, Krolovets, Nizhyn, Novhorod-Siverksyi, Oster, Sosnytsia, and Chernihiv.

Chernigov Governorate covered a total area of 52,396 km², and had a population of 2,298,000, according to the 1897 Russian Empire census. In 1914, the population was 2,340,000. In 1918 it became part of Ukraine and transformed into Chernihiv Governorate.

As part of the Ukrainian State and the Ukrainian SSR, the governorate consisted of 18 counties (povits):

  • Borzna County
  • Hlukhiv County
  • Horodnya County
  • Homel County (added from the Mogilev Governorate)
  • Kozelets County
  • Konotop County
  • Krolevets County
  • Nizhyn County
  • Novhorod-Siversky County
  • Oster County
  • Putyvl County (added from the Kursk Governorate)
  • Rylsk County (added from the Kursk Governorate)
  • Sosnytsia County
  • Chernihiv County
  • Mhlyn County
  • Novozybkiv County
  • Starodub County
  • Surazh County

In 1919, the northern Mhlyn, Novozybkiv, Starodub, and Surazh counties, with their mixed Ukrainian–Belarusian–Russian population, were transferred from Ukraine to the newly established Gomel Governorate of the Russian republic.{{Cite web |date=2001 |orig-date=1984 |title=Chernihiv gubernia |url=http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CC%5CH%5CChernihivgubernia.htm |access-date=2020-05-28 |website=Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine}}

In 1925, the governorate’s territory was redistributed among Hlukhiv, Konotop, Nizhyn, and Chernihiv districts (okruhas).

Principal cities

At the times of the Russian Census of 1897:

  • Nezhin – {{formatnum:32113}} (Ukrainian – {{formatnum:21733}}, Jewish – {{formatnum:7578}}, Russian – {{formatnum:2366}})
  • Chernigov – {{formatnum:27716}} (Ukrainian – {{formatnum:10085}}, Jewish – {{formatnum:8780}}, Russian – {{formatnum:7985}})
  • Konotop – {{formatnum:18770}} (Ukrainian – {{formatnum:10290}}, Jewish – {{formatnum:4415}}, Russian – {{formatnum:3565}})
  • Novozybkov – {{formatnum:15362}} (Russian – {{formatnum:11055}}, Jewish – {{formatnum:3787}}, Belarusian – 303)
  • Hlukhiv – {{formatnum:14828}} (Ukrainian – {{formatnum:8621}}, Jewish – {{formatnum:3837}}, Russian – {{formatnum:2217}})
  • Borzna – {{formatnum:12526}} (Ukrainian – {{formatnum:10846}}, Jewish – {{formatnum:1515}}, Russian – 109)
  • Starodub – {{formatnum:12381}} (Russian – {{formatnum:7255}}, Jewish – {{formatnum:4897}}, Ukrainian – 133)
  • Krolevets – {{formatnum:10384}} (Ukrainian – {{formatnum:8328}}, Jewish – {{formatnum:1815}}, Russian – 209)
  • Berezna – {{formatnum:9922}} (Ukrainian – {{formatnum:8349}}, Jewish – {{formatnum:1354}}, Russian – 144)
  • Novgorod-Seversky – {{formatnum:9182}} (Ukrainian – {{formatnum:4884}}, Jewish – {{formatnum:2941}}, Russian – {{formatnum:1296}})
  • Mglin – {{formatnum:7640}} (Russian – {{formatnum:4840}}, Jewish – {{formatnum:2675}}, Belarusian – 75)
  • Sosnytsia – {{formatnum:7087}} (Ukrainian – {{formatnum:5068}}, Jewish – {{formatnum:1840}}, Russian – 158)
  • Korop – {{formatnum:6262}} (Ukrainian – {{formatnum:5309}}, Jewish – 865, Russian – 77)
  • Oster – {{formatnum:5370}} (Ukrainian – {{formatnum:3229}}, Jewish – {{formatnum:1596}}, Russian – 399)
  • Kozelets – {{formatnum:5141}} (Ukrainian – {{formatnum:2834}}, Jewish – {{formatnum:1632}}, Russian – 468)
  • Pogar – {{formatnum:4965}} (Russian – {{formatnum:3800}}, Jewish – {{formatnum:1159}}, Germans – 6)
  • Gorodnya – {{formatnum:4310}} (Ukrainian – {{formatnum:2349}}, Jewish – {{formatnum:1248}}, Russian – 604)
  • Surazh – {{formatnum:4006}} (Jewish – {{formatnum:2400}}, Belarusian – 978, Russian – 559)
  • Novoye Mesto – {{formatnum:1488}} (Russian – {{formatnum:1421}}, Jewish – 67)

Language

File:1897 Gov Chernigov ethno.jpg

At the time of the Imperial census of 1897.[http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus_lan_97.php?reg=79 Language Statistics of 1897] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110622080736/http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus_lan_97.php?reg=79 |date=22 June 2011 }} {{in lang|ru}} In bold are languages spoken by more people than the state language.

align="center" class="wikitable plainlinks TablePager"

|+

! |Language

! |Number

! |percentage (%)

! |males

! |females

----

|Ukrainian

|{{formatnum:1526072}}

|66.41

|{{formatnum:747721}}

|{{formatnum:778351}}

----

|Russian

|{{formatnum:495963}}

|21.58

|{{formatnum:236842}}

|{{formatnum:259121}}

----

|Belarusian

|{{formatnum:151465}}

|6.59

|{{formatnum:73691}}

|{{formatnum:77774}}

----

|Yiddish

|{{formatnum:113787}}

|4.95

|{{formatnum:54724}}

|{{formatnum:59063}}

----

|German

|{{formatnum:5306}}

|0.23

|{{formatnum:2664}}

|{{formatnum:2642}}

----

|Polish

|{{formatnum:3302}}

|0.14

|{{formatnum:1775}}

|{{formatnum:1527}}

----

|Persons
that didn't name
their native language

|74

|>0.01

|32

|42

----

|OtherLanguages, number of speakers which in all gubernia were less than 1000

|{{formatnum:1885}}

|>0.01

|{{formatnum:1247}}

|638

----

|Total

|{{formatnum:2297854}}

|100

|{{formatnum:1118696}}

|{{formatnum:1179158}}

|+

Notable people

See also

Notes

{{Notelist}}

References

{{Reflist}}

External links

  • [http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages\C\H\Chernihivgubernia.htm Chernihiv Governorate]. Encyclopedia of Ukraine.
  • [https://archive.today/20070320080410/http://www.cultinfo.ru/fulltext/1/001/007/113/113351.htm Chernigov Guberniya] – Article in Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary {{in lang|ru}}
  • [http://patent.net.ua/symbol/regions/cn/ua.html Chernigov Governorate] – Historical coat of arms {{in lang|uk|en}}

{{Subdivisions of the Russian Empire}}

{{Governorates of Ukraine 1917-1921}}

{{Ukrainian historical regions}}

{{Okruhas of Ukraine}}

{{coord|51.5|N|31.3|E|source:wikidata|display=title}}

Category:Governorates of the Russian Empire

Category:Governorates of Ukraine

Category:1802 establishments in the Russian Empire

Category:1802 establishments in Ukraine

Category:1925 disestablishments in Ukraine

Category:History of Bryansk Oblast

Category:History of Chernihiv Oblast

Category:History of Kyiv Oblast

Category:History of Sumy Oblast