Chester Crown Court
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox historic site
| name =Chester Crown Court
| image =Chester Crown Court - geograph.org.uk - 1334374.jpg
| caption =
| locmapin =Cheshire
| map_relief =
| coordinates ={{coord|53.1858|-2.8918|type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
| gbgridref =
| built = 1801
| architect = Thomas Harrison
| architecture =
| owner =
| designation1 = Grade I
| designation1_date = 1 June 1967
| designation1_number = 1271823
}}
Chester Crown Court is a judicial facility at Castle Square in Chester, Cheshire, England. The building, which forms part of a series of imposing buildings at Chester Castle, is a Grade I listed building.{{NHLE|desc=Assize Courts Block, Chester|num=1271823|accessdate=19 September 2019}}
History
The current building replaced a previous shire hall which had been built just outside the main gate in 1310, but which was in a derelict state by the late 18th century.{{cite web|first1=J S |last1=Barrow|first2= J D |last2=Herson|first3=A H |last3=Lawes|first4= P J |last4=Riden|last5=M V J|first5= Seaborne|title='Major buildings: Castle', in A History of the County of Chester: Volume 5 Part 2, the City of Chester: Culture, Buildings, Institutions|location=London|year=2005|pages= 204–213|publisher=British History Online|url= http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/ches/vol5/pt2/pp204-213 |access-date= 19 September 2019}} In 1785 the justices insisted that an architectural competition be held for a new shire hall as well as a new prison to be located behind the new shire hall; the site selected for the new complex formed part of the outer bailey of the castle.
Work on the new complex began with the demolition of the old buildings in 1788. The new shire hall was designed by Thomas Harrison and completed in 1801. The design involved a symmetrical main frontage with nineteen bays facing onto Castle Square with the end bays projecting forwards slightly; the central section of seven bays featured a large hexastyle portico with twelve Doric order columns (in two rows), projecting forwards by about {{convert|10|ft|m|0}} with a plain tympanum above.{{citation | last = Champness| first =John | title =Thomas Harrison, Georgian Architect of Chester and Lancaster, 1744–1829 | publisher =Centre for North-West Regional Studies, Lancaster University | year = 2005| location = Lancaster| isbn = 1-86220-169-2|pages=47–49}} Its two-storey façade was about {{convert|250|ft|m|0}} long and {{convert|25|ft|m|0}} high. Internally, the principal room was an imposing main courtroom which was inspired by the School of Anatomy in Paris.{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-30005836|title=Chester's architecture in Grosvenor Museum exhibition|date=15 November 2014|publisher=BBC|access-date=19 September 2019}} It was described by Charles Dupin as "most assuredly the handsomest of this kind that is to be seen in Europe."The Builder, volume 21, p. 204 The prison, which Harrison had also designed and which had been located behind the shire hall, was demolished in 1902.
A statue of Queen Victoria, designed by Frederick William Pomeroy, was unveiled outside the share hall by the Lord Lieutenant of Cheshire, Wilbraham Egerton, 1st Earl Egerton, on 17 October 1903.{{Citation | last1 = Morris| first1 = Edward| last2 = Roberts| first2 = Emma| year = 2012 | title = Public Sculpture of Cheshire and Merseyside (excluding Liverpool)| volume = 15| series = Public Sculpture of Britain | location = Liverpool| publisher = Liverpool University Press| page = 66| isbn = 978-1-84631-492-6}}
The building was used as a facility for dispensing justice from the early 19th century and was latterly used as a Crown Court.{{cite web|url=https://www.cheshire-live.co.uk/all-about/courts|title=Courts|publisher=Cheshire Live|access-date=19 September 2019}}{{cite web|url=https://courttribunalfinder.service.gov.uk/courts/chester-crown-court|title=Chester Crown Court|publisher=Gov.uk|access-date=9 October 2020}} Famous trials at the court have included those of Ian Brady and Myra Hindley, known as the Moors Murderers, in April 1966.{{cite web|url=https://www.cheshire-live.co.uk/news/history/how-chester-chronicle-covered-infamous-11209509|title=How The Chester Chronicle covered the infamous Moors Murders trial|publisher=Chester Chronicle|date=20 April 2016|access-date=19 September 2019}} Bulletproof glass was erected around the dock to ensure the two defendants were protected during the trial. The court was also the venue for the trial of Peter Reyn-Bardt, accused of murdering his estranged wife, Malika de Fernandez in December 1983; Reyn-Bardt was convicted based on his confession even though the human remains which had been dug up and which had led to his arrest were subsequently dated to the Roman period.{{cite web |first1=Dave |last1=Sammut |first2= Chantelle|last2= Craig |title= Bodies in the Bog: The Lindow Mysteries |date= July 23, 2019 |url=https://www.sciencehistory.org/distillations/bodies-in-the-bog-the-lindow-mysteries |website=Distillations |publisher= Science History Institute |access-date=August 28, 2019 }} The court also saw the trial and conviction of Howard Hughes for the murder of Sophie Hook in June 1996.{{cite web|url=https://www.heraldscotland.com/news/12037668.sophie-jury-visits-murder-site/|title=Sophie jury visits murder site|date=2 July 1996|publisher=Herald Scotland}}
See also
{{Portal|Cheshire}}