Chestnut-collared longspur
{{Short description|Species of bird}}
{{Speciesbox
| name = Chestnut-collared longspur
| image = Chestnut-collared longspur male (16381245751) (cropped).jpg
| status = VU
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| genus = Calcarius
| species = ornatus
| authority = (Townsend, 1837)
| range_map = Calcarius ornatus map.svg
}}
The chestnut-collared longspur (Calcarius ornatus) is a species of bird in the family Calcariidae. Like the other longspurs, it is a small ground-feeding bird that primarily eats seeds. It breeds in prairie habitats in Canada and the northern United States and winters to the south in the United States and Mexico.
Description
These birds have a short conical bill, a streaked back and a white tail with a dark tip. In breeding plumage, the male has black underparts, a chestnut nape, a yellow throat and a black crown. Other birds have light brown underparts, a dark crown, brown wings and may have some chestnut on the nape.
Measurements:
- Length: 5.1–6.5 in (13–16.5 cm){{Cite web|title=Chestnut-collared Longspur Identification, All About Birds, Cornell Lab of Ornithology|url=https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Chestnut-collared_Longspur/id|access-date=2020-09-29|website=www.allaboutbirds.org|language=en}}
- Weight: 0.6–0.8 oz (17–23 g)
- Wingspan: 25–27 cm{{Cite web|last=Manion|first=Lani|title=Calcarius ornatus (chestnut-collared longspur)|url=https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Calcarius_ornatus/|access-date=2020-09-29|website=Animal Diversity Web|language=en}}
Distribution and status
This bird breeds in short and mixed grass prairies in central Canada and the north central United States. In winter, they migrate in flocks to prairies and open fields in the southern United States and Mexico. Like other prairie birds, they have disappeared from some areas because of habitat loss but are still fairly common.
Controlled burns may benefit this species as they feed on low-growing plants that are more easily spotted after a fire.Prairies to Pines: News from Minnesota, North Dakota, and South Dakota. (Fall 2010 Update). The Nature Conservancy.
Behavior
These birds forage on the ground, gathering in flocks in winter. They mainly eat seeds, also eating insects in summer. Young birds are mainly fed insects.
The female lays 4 or 5 eggs in a grass cup nest in a shallow scrape on the ground. The male sings and flies up to defend his territory. Both parents feed the young birds.Hill, D. P., and L. K. Gould. 1997. Chesnut-collared Longspur (Calcarius ornatus). In The Birds of North America, No. 288 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, and The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C.
The call is a two-syllabled chee dee.
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{Commons category|Calcarius ornatus}}
- [http://www.birds.cornell.edu/AllAboutBirds/BirdGuide/Chestnut-collared_Longspur.html Chestnut-collared longspur species account] - Cornell Lab of Ornithology
- [http://www.mbr-pwrc.usgs.gov/id/framlst/i5380id.html Chestnut-collared longspur] - USGS Patuxent Bird Identification InfoCenter
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20071010051259/http://ibc.hbw.com/ibc/phtml/especie.phtml?idEspecie=9624 Chestnut-collared longspur videos] on the Internet Bird Collection
- [http://vireo.acnatsci.org/search.html?Form=Search&SEARCHBY=Common&KEYWORDS=chestnut-collared+longspur&showwhat=images&AGE=All&SEX=All&ACT=All&Search=Search&VIEW=All&ORIENTATION=All&RESULTS=24 Chestnut-collared longspur photo gallery] VIREO
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Category:Native birds of the Canadian Prairies
Category:Native birds of the Plains-Midwest (United States)